實驗設備

Experimental Facilities

循環式低速水洞實驗系統

Recirculating Low-Speed Water Tunnel

The recirculating water tunnel system in our laboratory is an important experimental platform for low-speed fluid dynamics, flow visualization, vortex structures, fluid–structure interaction, and vehicle fluid dynamics research. The water tunnel adopts a closed-loop recirculating design, with a test section measuring 2000 mm × 450 mm × 450 mm. It is equipped with side and bottom optical observation windows, allowing quantitative flow-field measurements using high-speed imaging, laser-sheet illumination, and Particle Image Velocimetry. The streamwise turbulence intensity in the test section is below 0.9%, while the velocity variation is below 0.3%, providing stable and repeatable experimental conditions.

This facility can be used for:

Studies of vortex structures and wake flows around cylinders, airfoils, and bluff bodies.
Vortex-induced vibration, fluid–structure interaction, and green energy harvesting experiments.
Fluid dynamic testing of aerial and underwater vehicles.
Bio-inspired propulsion and unsteady flow studies.
Particle Image Velocimetry flow-field measurements, high-speed image analysis, and flow visualization teaching.

The water tunnel is more than a facility for observing flow. It is a comprehensive platform that integrates model design, experimental operation, image-based measurement, and flow-field data analysis. Through this system, students can truly see, measure, and understand fluid mechanics phenomena, while further developing practical skills in experimental fluid mechanics, data analysis, and engineering judgment.

本實驗室的循環式水洞系統是進行低速流體動力學、流場可視化、渦旋結構、流固耦合與載具流體力學研究的重要平台。水洞採封閉循環設計，實驗段尺寸為 2000 mm × 450 mm × 450 mm，並設有側向與底部光學觀測窗，可搭配高速攝影、雷射光片與粒子影像測速法進行定量流場量測。測試區內主流紊流強度低於 0.9%，速度變化低於 0.3%，可提供穩定且具重現性的實驗條件。

此設備可用於：

圓柱、翼型與鈍體周圍之渦旋結構與尾流研究。
渦激振動、流固耦合與綠能擷取實驗。
飛行與水下載具之流體動力測試。
仿生推進與非定常流場研究。
粒子影像測速流場量測、高速影像分析與流場可視化教學。

水洞不只是觀察流動的設備，更是一個整合模型設計、實驗操作、影像量測與流場資料分析的完整平台。透過此系統，可以真正看見、量測並理解流體力學現象，進一步培養實驗流體力學、資料分析與工程判斷能力。

高速攝影系統

FASTCAM Mini UX High-Speed Imaging System

The FASTCAM Mini UX high-speed imaging system in our laboratory is an important experimental tool for motion tracking, flow visualization, Particle Image Velocimetry, and unsteady fluid mechanics research. The system provides high spatial and temporal resolution, with a full-frame image resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels and a maximum full-frame recording speed of 2,000 frames per second, enabling the measurement of rapid transient phenomena.

The camera is equipped with a 10 μm pixel sensor, a minimum exposure time of 3.9 μs, and high light sensitivity up to ISO 10,000 for monochrome imaging. Its 12-bit grayscale depth allows detailed intensity variation to be captured, which is particularly useful for quantitative image-based measurements. The system can receive and output external trigger, synchronization, ready, event, and timing signals, making it suitable for synchronized experiments involving laser illumination, force sensors, motion systems, and PIV acquisition.

This facility can be used for:

Motion tracking of oscillating structures, vibrating models, flapping wings, and moving bodies.
Flow visualization of vortices, wakes, jets, separated flows, and transient flow phenomena.
Particle Image Velocimetry measurements with laser-sheet illumination and external synchronization.
Fluid–structure interaction, vortex-induced vibration, and bio-inspired propulsion experiments.
High-speed image analysis for teaching, student projects, and experimental fluid mechanics training.

The FASTCAM Mini UX is more than a high-speed camera. It is a key measurement platform that connects experimental observation, synchronized data acquisition, motion analysis, and quantitative flow-field measurement. Through this system, students can capture fast flow and structural motions that are difficult to observe with the naked eye, and further develop practical skills in high-speed imaging, optical measurement, PIV, data processing, and experimental judgment.

本實驗室的 FASTCAM Mini UX 高速攝影系統是進行運動追蹤、流場可視化、粒子影像測速法與非定常流體力學研究的重要實驗設備。此系統具備高空間與高時間解析度，全幅影像解析度為 1280 × 1024 pixels，最高全幅拍攝速度可達 2,000 fps，可用於捕捉快速暫態流動與高速運動現象。

此高速攝影機配備 10 μm 感測器像素，最短曝光時間為 3.9 μs，單色影像感度可達 ISO 10,000。其 12-bit 灰階解析能力可記錄細微的影像強度變化，特別適合用於定量影像量測。此設備可接收與輸出外部觸發、同步、ready、event 與時間訊號，因此可與雷射光源、力感測器、運動平台及 PIV 量測系統進行同步實驗。

此設備可用於：

振動結構、振盪模型、拍撲翼與移動物體之運動追蹤。
渦旋、尾流、噴流、分離流與暫態流場之流場可視化。
搭配雷射光片與外部同步訊號進行粒子影像測速量測。
流固耦合、渦激振動與仿生推進相關實驗。
高速影像分析、學生專題研究與實驗流體力學教學訓練。

FASTCAM Mini UX 不只是高速攝影機，更是一個連結實驗觀察、同步資料擷取、運動分析與定量流場量測的重要平台。透過此系統，可以捕捉肉眼難以觀察的快速流動與結構運動，進一步培養高速影像拍攝、光學量測、PIV、資料處理與實驗判斷能力。

2W and 5W 高功率連續式雷射光片系統

2W and 5W High-Power Continuous Laser Sheet Illumination Systems

The 2 W and 5 W high-power continuous laser sheet illumination systems are important optical systems for flow visualization and Particle Image Velocimetry measurements. Through sheet-forming optics, the laser beam is expanded into a thin light sheet to illuminate seeded particles within a selected flow plane. This enables the visualization and quantitative measurement of vortices, wakes, jets, boundary-layer flows, and other unsteady flow structures.

The systems can be combined with high-speed cameras for time-resolved flow visualization and PIV experiments. They are suitable for water-tunnel and wind-tunnel studies involving vortex dynamics, fluid–structure interaction, vehicle fluid dynamics, bio-inspired propulsion, and other experimental fluid mechanics applications.

本實驗室的 2 W 與 5 W 高功率連續式雷射光片系統是進行流場可視化與粒子影像測速法的重要光學照明設備。透過光片成形光學模組，可將雷射光束展開成薄光片，照亮特定流場平面中的示蹤粒子，用於觀察與定量量測渦旋、尾流、噴流、邊界層流動及其他非定常流場結構。

此系統可與高速攝影機同步使用，進行時間解析流場可視化與 PIV 量測，適用於水洞與風洞中的渦旋動力學、流固耦合、載具流體力學、仿生推進及其他實驗流體力學研究。

Double-Shutter Camera and Nd:YAG Laser PIV System

雙快門相機與 Nd:YAG 雷射粒子影像測速系統

This facility combines a high-resolution double-shutter camera, a 200 mJ pulsed Nd:YAG laser, and an in-house-developed micro-optical system for Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements. The double-shutter camera has an image resolution of 3312 × 2488 pixels and can capture two closely spaced particle images within a precisely controlled time interval. The Nd:YAG laser provides high-energy pulsed illumination for generating a thin laser sheet across the measurement plane, enabling quantitative velocity-field measurements from particle displacement.

With the in-house-developed micro-optical system, the imaging resolution can reach approximately 0.6 μm/pixel, making the system suitable for high-resolution flow measurements and near-wall flow diagnostics. This capability is particularly important for resolving small-scale flow structures, boundary-layer behavior, micro-scale flow features, and detailed vortex dynamics.

The system can be used to study complex and unsteady flow fields, including vortex shedding, wake development, jet flows, separated flows, near-wall flows, and fluid–structure interaction. Through this facility, students can learn optical alignment, laser-sheet formation, camera calibration, high-resolution image acquisition, PIV processing, velocity-field analysis, and vortex-dynamics interpretation. It is one of the core platforms in the laboratory for experimental fluid mechanics and advanced optical flow diagnostics.

本設備結合高解析度雙快門相機、200 mJ 脈衝式 Nd:YAG 雷射，以及本實驗室自行開發之微光學系統，可用於粒子影像測速法（Particle Image Velocimetry, PIV）之定量流場量測。雙快門相機影像解析度為 3312 × 2488 pixels，可在精確控制的短時間間隔內擷取兩張連續粒子影像；Nd:YAG 雷射則提供高能量脈衝光源，並透過光學系統形成薄雷射光片，以照亮量測平面並進行速度場分析。

搭配本實驗室自行開發之微光學系統，影像解析度可達約 0.6 μm/pixel，適合進行高解析度流場量測與近壁面流動診斷。此能力對於解析小尺度流動結構、邊界層行為、微尺度流場特徵與細部渦旋動力學尤其重要。

此系統可應用於複雜與非定常流場研究，包括渦旋脫落、尾流發展、噴流、分離流、近壁面流動與流固耦合等。透過此設備，學生可以學習光學對位、雷射光片形成、相機校正、高解析度影像擷取、PIV資料處理、速度場分析與渦旋動力學判讀，是本實驗室進行實驗流體力學研究與高階光學流場診斷的重要平台。

Supporting Measurement, Control, Actuation, and Characterization Systems

輔助量測、控制、驅動與特性分析系統

In addition to major flow facilities and optical measurement systems, the laboratory is equipped with a range of supporting instruments for experimental control, actuation, data acquisition, flow measurement, optical setup, material characterization, and image documentation. These systems include data acquisition systems, digital control and synchronization modules, stepping-motor actuation systems, oscilloscopes, DC power supplies, pressure measurement devices, Pitot tubes, hot-wire anemometry systems, force and torque sensors, density and viscosity measurement devices, vibration measurement systems, optical components and illumination systems, superhydrophobic surface characterization tools, and photographic studio equipment.

The optical components and illumination systems include lenses, optical filters, polarizers, LED light sources, and related accessories for flow visualization, image acquisition, and optical diagnostics.

These instruments support accurate experimental setup, signal synchronization, controlled model motion, flow-condition monitoring, force and motion measurement, fluid-property evaluation, optical alignment, surface characterization, and high-quality visual documentation. Together, they provide the essential measurement and control infrastructure required for reliable experimental fluid mechanics, thermal-fluid research, vehicle testing, and surface-related flow studies.

除主要流場實驗設備與光學量測系統外，本實驗室亦配備多項輔助量測、控制、驅動與特性分析設備，用於實驗控制、模型驅動、資料擷取、流場量測、光學架設、材料特性分析與影像紀錄。相關設備包括資料擷取系統、數位控制與同步系統、步進馬達驅動系統、示波器、直流電源供應器、壓力量測裝置、皮托管、熱線測速儀、力與力矩感測器、密度與黏度量測設備、振動量測系統、光學元件與照明系統、超疏水表面特性量測設備，以及攝影棚影像紀錄系統。

其中，光學元件與照明系統包含鏡頭、光學濾鏡、偏光片、LED光源及相關配件，可支援流場可視化、影像擷取與光學量測。

這些設備可支援實驗參數設定、訊號同步、模型運動控制、流場條件監測、力與運動量測、流體性質評估、光學對位、表面特性分析，以及高品質影像紀錄。透過這些輔助系統，本實驗室能夠建立完整且可靠的量測與控制基礎，支援實驗流體力學、熱流研究、載具測試與表面流動相關研究。

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