Note: The image on the left reflects the Middle Ages belief that each sign of the zodiac* governed a certain part of the body. For example, the constellation of stars called Aries the Ram controlled the head; Sagittarius the Archer controlled the thighs. The illustration on the right was based on the research done by Andreas Vesalius, who dissected human corpses to better explain the human body to his medical students.
*The zodiac is a band of 12 groups of constellations (stars) that stretch across the sky.
Source: A woodcut called "Zodiac Man" from a book by German astronomer Johann Regiomontanus, 1512, and a woodcut from the anatomy book On the Makeup of the Human Body by Belgian physician Andreas Vesalius, 1543.