Evaluating Information

Misinformation, Disinformation, and Malinformation are all terms that refer to false or misleading information, but they differ in how they are intentionally or unintentionally spread. 

Misinformation is false or misleading information that is unintentionally spread. It can be the result of a misunderstanding, a mistake, or a lack of knowledge. Misinformation is often spread through social media or other platforms, where it can quickly reach a large audience. 

Disinformation is false or misleading information that is intentionally spread in order to deceive or manipulate people. It is often spread by governments or other organizations as a way to advance their own interests or to discredit their opponents. Disinformation can take many forms, including fake news, propaganda, and conspiracy theories. 

Malinformation refers to factual information that is shared with malicious intent, such as to harm a person’s reputation or to create chaos. It is often spread with the intention of causing chaos or confusion, or with the goal of damaging an individual’s reputation or causing harm to a group of people. Malinformation can include things like cyberbullying, online harassment and spreading false rumors about someone. 

From “Difference: Misinformation, Disinformation, and Malinformation - Fact Protocol.” Fact Protocol, 8 Jan. 2023, fact.technology/learn/difference-misinformation-disinformation-and-malinformation/. Accessed 31 May 2023.