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Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis is an infection of the intestines that is common in children under 5 years old. Salmonella infection is more common in the summer months (June, July, and August) than in winter. Certain strains of salmonella can cause a serious illness called Typhoid Fever. Children with this type of salmonellosis will need to be monitored closely.
Symptoms
Symptoms
Diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headache, fever and sometimes vomiting. Illness can persist from four to seven days.
Spread
Salmonella leaves the body through the stool of an infected person and enters another person when hands, food, or objects, (such as toys) contaminated with stool are placed in the mouth. Spread can also occur through contact with infected animals, especially reptiles and poultry. Ingestion of contaminated food, water, meats, eggs, and unpasteurized milk can also cause infection.
Spread
Salmonella leaves the body through the stool of an infected person and enters another person when hands, food, or objects, (such as toys) contaminated with stool are placed in the mouth. Spread can also occur through contact with infected animals, especially reptiles and poultry. Ingestion of contaminated food, water, meats, eggs, and unpasteurized milk can also cause infection.
Contagious Period
As long as Salmonella is present in the stool, which may be up to several weeks. In some cases Salmonella can remain in the stool for up to 12 weeks.
Contagious Period
As long as Salmonella is present in the stool, which may be up to several weeks. In some cases Salmonella can remain in the stool for up to 12 weeks.
Exclusion
Child Care: Follow general diarrheal guidelines, having children not return until 24 hours after diarrhea has stopped. Children who have Salmonella in their stools, but who do not have symptoms, may return after the health department rules proper diapering and hand hygiene procedures are in place. If determined appropriate, children do not need to be excluded. Childcare workers should be excluded until symptoms have resolved and until two consecutive negative stool cultures 24 hours apart. When taking antibiotics the initial sample should be taken 48 hours after the completion of antibiotics.
Children with Typhoid Fever will need to have 3 negative stool tests obtained at least 2 days after the completion of antibiotics, before returning to the child care setting.
Exclusion
Child Care: Follow general diarrheal guidelines, having children not return until 24 hours after diarrhea has stopped. Children who have Salmonella in their stools, but who do not have symptoms, may return after the health department rules proper diapering and hand hygiene procedures are in place. If determined appropriate, children do not need to be excluded. Childcare workers should be excluded until symptoms have resolved and until two consecutive negative stool cultures 24 hours apart. When taking antibiotics the initial sample should be taken 48 hours after the completion of antibiotics.
Children with Typhoid Fever will need to have 3 negative stool tests obtained at least 2 days after the completion of antibiotics, before returning to the child care setting.
School: None, unless the child is not feeling well and/or has diarrhea and needs to use the bathroom frequently. Exclusion may be necessary during outbreaks.
School: None, unless the child is not feeling well and/or has diarrhea and needs to use the bathroom frequently. Exclusion may be necessary during outbreaks.
Anyone with Salmonella should not go in lakes, pools, splash pads, water parks, or hot tubs until after diarrhea has stopped.
Anyone with Salmonella should not go in lakes, pools, splash pads, water parks, or hot tubs until after diarrhea has stopped.
Staff with Salmonella should be restricted from working in food service until they meet exclusion criteria to return to work.
Staff with Salmonella should be restricted from working in food service until they meet exclusion criteria to return to work.
Causes
Causes
Salmonella bacteria
Incubation
It may take six hours to six days from exposure until symptoms develop.
Incubation
It may take six hours to six days from exposure until symptoms develop.
Prevention/Control
Prevention/Control
1. Frequent, careful hand washing by child care staff, children, and household members.
2. Thoroughly cook all foods. Wash and sanitize cutting boards and knives that have been used for raw meat or poultry before using uncooked foods (i.e. fruits or vegetables).
3. Clean, rinse with clean water, then disinfect contaminated areas (diapering area, toilets, potty chairs) and sanitize toys at least daily and when soiled.
Is it Reportable?
Is it Reportable?
Provider: This disease is reportable to the local or state health department.
Parents/guardians: Inform your child care provider if your child has this illness.
Disease Information Print out
Disease Information Print out
Salmonellosis.pdf
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