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Three connected tests of cosmological models
The Cosmological Consistency Triangle (CCT) asks whether a proposed model can account simultaneously for cosmic expansion, matter clustering and an observable tied to the physics it introduces.
The three vertices
The three vertices
Background expansion: the expansion history, with H₀ describing the present expansion rate.
Growth amplitude: the present strength of matter clustering, described by S₈ or σ₈.
A theory-specific observable: an additional test sensitive to the proposed mechanism, beyond the first two constraints.
Why the third test matters
Why the third test matters
Models that match today’s expansion and clustering can still predict different cosmic histories. In f(Q) gravity, the framework examines the evolution of structure growth. For interacting dark energy, it examines how the coupling affects perturbations.
CCT is a framework for testing models; agreement with one or two observations alone does not establish overall consistency.
Read the research
Read the research
Framework preprint
Amare Abebe, The Cosmological Consistency Triangle as a Model-Discrimination Framework.
Preprints 2026, 2026061423 · doi:10.20944/preprints202606.1423.v1.
Version 1 · preprint, not peer reviewed.
Published conference proceedings
Amare Abebe, Cosmological Tensions as Consistency Conditions for f(Q) Gravity.
PoS(CORFU2025) 219 (2026) · doi:10.22323/1.509.0219.
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