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Different types of solids usually have different physical properties, including solubility
One of the most common types of solid-solid mixtures are mixtures of insoluble solid and soluble solid
(e.g., sand and salt in water).
The first step involved in the separation of insoluble and soluble solids is to add a suitable solvent
In this case, add water (solvent) and stir to dissolve the solute to form a solution
Distinguishing between Solute, Solvent and Solution
Solute: the soluble solid that dissolves in the solvent
Solvent: the liquid that the solute dissolves in
Solution: the homogeneous mixture of soluble solids dissolved in solvent
Solubility
Solubility of a substance is the degree to which a solute dissolves in a solvent at a given temperature to make a solution.
Solubility is usually described with respect to the solute and solvent (e.g., solubility of salt in water)
Solubility can also be rephrased as the maximum mass of solute that can be dissolved per volume of solvent at a given temperature
It is usually expressed in
- grams of solute per litre of solvent (g/L or g L-1)
- grams of solute per cubic centimetre of solvent (g/cm3 or g cm-3)
Don't confuse solubility with concentration
Concentration is the amount of solute that has been dissolved in a given volume of solvent in a solution
Concentration is usually described with respect to the solution (e.g., concentration of salt solution)
It can also be rephrased as the mass of solute dissolved per volume of solvent, where the mass of solute dissolved is lower than the maximum mass
It can likewise be expressed similarly to solubility
- grams of solute per litre of solvent (g/L or g L-1)
- grams of solute per cubic centimetre of solvent (g/cm3 or g cm-3)
The formula of concentration of a solution
Concentration = Mass / Volume
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