It is important now more than ever in today's society to understand history, and not just your own history, but the world's history and how it all impacts and influences each other. I wanted to specifically focus on the Women's Suffrage Movement and how it still impacts the world to this day. I chose the "Women's Social and Political Union" (WSPU), a militant suffrage group from England, because they were really one of the main spearheads of the overall suffrage movement and inspired the American Suffrage Movement. Over my research, I really focused on how the WSPU used their fashion choices to push their movement forward and what role did the media play in the organizations identity, whether it was a true part of their identity or a false narrative and how the women of the WSPU harnessed that.
I had two research questions:
In what ways did the suffragettes clothing and accessory choices, specifically in the WSPU, push their movement forward, what did they mean, and how do they continue?
How did the media, specifically with the WSPU, help shape the suffrage movement and their identity and how did the suffragettes utilize it to push their movement forward?
The WSPU was founded in 1903 (and dissolved in 1917/18) by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughter Christabel
The WSPU had a following of between 2,000 and 5,000 (women only) members
Their designs, colors, and logos were designed by Emmeline's second daughter, Sylvia Pankhurst
They started the colors of the entire suffrage movement:
Purple: dignity, loyalty, and royalty
White: purity
Green: hope and spring
While they were labeled as "militant", the group were not always violent (although all the women were fiercely devoted to the cause)
They wanted to cause disruption and some civil disobedience to to draw attention to their cause and to rush Parliament into action
When Parliament did not rush to action, then they took more violent measures such as: breaking windows in 1912 and instigating an arson campaign from 1912-1914
When the women were arrested and went to prison, they participated in hunger strikes to draw attention to their cause and the way they were treated
This organization inspired other suffrage organizations in England (although as a whole they were less militant) and helped inspire the American Suffrage Movement
The women in this organization cleverly used fashion and everyday objects to draw attention to their movement including:
Pins and Badges that could be worn at all times that could either be more blatant or more inconspicuous
Dish ware: they designed tea cups and saucers (among other things) with their logo and had them in their houses. These were practical everyday objects that were on display everyday and were objects that everyone had/needed
Flags and sashes: these two items are perhaps the most well known symbols of the suffrage movement and the WSPU employed these during marches and major acts to draw attention to their cause and to make it known that they were with the WSPU. It was an easy and blatant fashion statement.
Playing Cards: playing cards with the green and purple design reading "Votes For Women" were circulated around at some point. It was a clever use of an everyday object to make sure that their cause was not forgotten
There were two sides of the media, the side that painted them rather favorably and the side that did not.
The Women used both to their advantage, as they wanted attention either way, but they were disappointed and sad with the fact that were portrayed as "heartless" and "cold", especially in regrads to their fellow members. They were heartbroken when their women got arrested.
They even had their own media:
They had two different weekly newspapers at different points: "Votes for Women" and "The Suffragette"
It had amassed a circulation of 22,000 by 1909
WSPU pin
Emily Davison Epsom Derby Ticket, she threw herself in front of a horse to draw attention to the WSPU
WSPU badge, representing prison gates
WSPU badge of honor, given to women who endured hunger strikes in prison