John Hattie's research on Visible Learning highlights the significant impact of questioning on student achievement. With an effect size of 0.48, questioning is a powerful instructional strategy that enhances learning by engaging students, making their thinking visible, and guiding them toward deeper scientific understanding. 

Below are three specific form of questions - Elicit, Probing, and Challenging.  Educators should use each one at specific points of the lessen to engage students in higher order thinking and to take learning deeper.