Embedded Files
Essential Questions:
1. How can physical features and climate impact the way that we live?
2. How was Georgia changed by European exploration?
3. What major events and important people led to the founding of Georgia?
4. What were some of the major events, people, and conflicts that impacted Georgia during the Revolutionary War?
5. How does Georgia’s Constitution protect civil liberties such as: checks and balances, voting rights, and the Bill of Rights?
Concept Standards:
Concept 1 Geography:
SS8G1 Describe Georgia’s geography and climate.
a. Locate Georgia in relation to region, nation, continent, and hemispheres.
b. Distinguish among the five geographic regions of Georgia in terms of location, climate, agriculture, and economic contribution.
c. Locate key physical features of Georgia and explain their importance; include the Fall Line, Okefenokee Swamp, Appalachian Mountains, Chattahoochee and Savannah Rivers, and barrier islands.
d. Analyze the importance of water in Georgia’s historical development and economic growth.
Concept 2 European Exploration:
SS8H1 Evaluate the impact of European exploration and settlement on American Indians in Georgia.
a. Describe the characteristics of American Indians living in Georgia at the time of European contact; to include culture, food, weapons/tools, and shelter.
b. Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement of North America, with emphasis on the interests of the Spanish and British in the Southeastern area.
c. Evaluate the impact of Spanish contact on American Indians, including the explorations of Hernando DeSoto and the establishment of Spanish missions along the barrier islands.
Concept 3 Colonial Period:
SS8H2 Analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history.
a. Explain the importance of the Charter of 1732, including the reasons for settlement (philanthropy, economics, and defense).
b. Analyze the relationship between James Oglethorpe, Tomochichi, and Mary Musgrove in establishing the city of Savannah at Yamacraw Bluff.
c. Evaluate the role of diverse groups (Jews, Salzburgers, Highland Scots, and Malcontents) in settling Georgia during the Trustee Period.
d. Explain the transition of Georgia into a royal colony with regard to land ownership, slavery, alcohol, and government.
e. Give examples of the kinds of goods and services produced and traded in colonial Georgia.
Concept 4 American Revolution:
SS8H3 Analyze the role of Georgia in the American Revolutionary Era.
a. Explain the causes of the American Revolution as they impacted Georgia; include the French and Indian War, Proclamation of 1763, and the Stamp Act.
b. Interpret the three parts of the Declaration of Independence (preamble, grievances, and declaration) and identify the three Georgia signers of the document.
c. Analyze the significance of the Loyalists and Patriots as a part of Georgia’s role in the Revolutionary War; include the Battle of Kettle Creek and Siege of Savannah.
d. Analyze the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and explain how those weaknesses led to the writing of a new federal Constitution.
Concept 1: Geography:
Concept 1: Geography:
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Appalachian Mountains - a mountain chain that stretches from Georgia to Maine.
Appalachian Plateau - Georgia's smallest region located in the northeastern corner of the state
Barrier Islands - several islands off Georgia's coast; inhabited by Native Americans; the Spanish built several missions on these islands.
Blue Ridge Region - Georgia's northeastern region; receives more rainfall than any other region; many major rivers begin here.
Chattahoochee River - important Georgia river that forms part of the western boundary of the state.
Climate - the composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, as temperature, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloudiness, and winds, throughout the year, averaged over a series of years.
Coastal Plain Region - Georgia's largest region which makes up 3/5 of the state.
Continent - the world's largest land masses.
Fall Line - a geographic boundary that separates the Piedmont and Coastal Plain regions; named for decrease in elevation
Hemisphere - lines of latitude and longitude that divide the earth into halves.
Nation - a land mass inhabited by people who share a common territory and government.
Okefenokee Swamp - the largest freshwater swamp in North America; located in southeastern Georgia.
Piedmont Region - Georgia's most populated region known for its red clay; also known as "foot of the mountains"
Savannah River - major river that is used for trade and makes up Georgia's eastern border with South Carolina.
Valley and Ridge Region - Georgia region characterized by low open valleys and narrow ridges.
GPB Virtual Tour: Regions of Georgia
GPB Virtual Tour: Regions of Georgia
GPB Virtual Tour: Physical Features of Georgia
GPB Virtual Tour: Physical Features of Georgia
CONCEPT 2: EUROPEAN EXPLORATION VIDEOS:
CONCEPT 2: EUROPEAN EXPLORATION VIDEOS:
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Artifacts - object made by human beings, either hand-made or mass-produced
Culture - Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.
Ecofacts - the natural remains of plants and animals found in the archaeological record
Hernando de Soto - (1496-1542) - Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition through the Southeastern United States; credited as being the first European in Georgia.
Horticulture - The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. The Mississippian Indians planted the "three sisters" crops: corn, beans, and squash.
Mercantilism - the English economic policy focused on exporting more than importing.
Missions - churches set up by the Spanish in hopes of converting Native Americans to Christianity.
Mississippian Indians - (800 C.E.-1600 C.E.) - the last major prehistoric Native American culture in Georgia; known for being large scale framers and mound builders who traded throughout North America.
Small Pox - Disease spread by Europeans in the Americas. Led to the deaths of millions of Native Americans in North and South America
Wattle and Daub - Walls built of a network of interwoven sticks and covered with mud or clay; used by early American Indian cultures and European settlers.
GPB Virtual Tour: Indian Mounds
GPB Virtual Tour: Indian Mounds
Concepts 3 & 4: Colonial Georgia/ American Revolution videos:
Concepts 3 & 4: Colonial Georgia/ American Revolution videos:
Vocabulary:
Vocabulary:
Buffer Colony - one of three reasons for Georgia's founding; colony was to serve as a defensive buffer between Spanish Florida and the successful English colony of South Carolina.
Charter of 1732 - the document that formally established the colony of Georgia; outlines the reasons for Georgia's founding and the regulations set up by the trustees.
Defense - one of the reasons for Georgia's founding. Georgia served as a buffer colony between South Carolina and Spanish held Florida.
Economics - one of the three reasons for Georgia's founding. The English hoped that Georgia would be able to produce wine, rice, silk, and indigo.
Highland Scots - from the Highlands of Scotland and known as some of the best fighters in Europe in the 1700's. James Oglethorpe brought a group to Georgia to serve as soldiers for the colony. The Highland Scots founded the town of Darien.
Indigo - A plant used to make valuable blue dye
James Oglethorpe - (1696-1785) - one of the 21 members of the trustees who established Georgia; only trustee to come to the colony and served as the de facto military and governmental leader of the colony.
Malcontents - a group of colonists who complained about the trustee regulations for the Georgia colony; primary complaint was the ban on slavery and rum. Eventually the malcontents got their way as liquor and slavery were allowed in Georgia in the 1750's.
Mary Musgrove - (1700-1763) - Creek Indian woman who served as the translator for James Oglethorpe and Yamacraw Chief Tomochichi.
Philanthropy - one of the three reasons for Georgia's founding. James Oglethorpe and the trustees hoped to bring debtors and England's "worthy poor" to the colony to begin new lives. However, no debtor was ever released from debtors' prison to come to Georgia. At one time, the term charity was used.
Royal Governor - appointed by the English Monarch to run Georgia: John Reynolds, Henry Ellis, and James Wright
Royal Period (colony) - the period in Georgia beginning in 1752 after the trustees gave authority of the colony to the king. The royal period lasted until the Treaty of Paris ended the American Revolution in 1783.
Salzburgers - a group of Protestants from Austria who were invited to settle in Georgia due to religious persecution they were experiencing in Europe; established the towns of Ebenezer and New Ebenezer; were some of the most successful colonists.
Savannah - The first capital of Georgia; founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe.
Silk Industry - an industry encouraged by the Trustees to support mercantilism; colonists planted mulberry trees to support the silkworms; the silk industry never developed into a profitable venture.
Tomochichi - was the Chief of the Yamacraw Indians. Tomochichi befriended James Oglethorpe and allowed him to establish the colony of Georgia on Yamacraw territory.
Trustee Period - (1732-1751) - the time period when Georgia was governed by the trustees. The trustees created many regulations during the time period, including a ban on slavery, liquor and liquor dealers, lawyers, and Catholics.
Trustee(s) - An individual or organization that holds or manages and invests assets for the benefit of another. A group of 21 men who established the colony of Georgia. Of the group, only one, James Oglethorpe, came to the colony.
Concept Slides:
Concept Slides:
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