Disaster Report: Marawi Siege

Name of Disaster: Marawi Siege / Battle of Marawi

Type of Disaster: Man-made Disaster (War)

When it happened: May 23 – October 23, 2017

Where it happened: City of Marawi, Lanao del Sur, ARMM

Why it happened: The government tried to capture ISIL-affiliated Abu Sayyaf Leader Isnilon Hapilon but a terrorist attack happened.

MILITARY/GOVERNMENT

- 168 killed in action, including 12 via friendly fire

- 1400+ wounded in action

- 165 official figures killed

MAUTE GROUP

- 978 killed, including 13 foreigners

- 12 captured, including 1 foreigner

- 920 militants killed

CIVILIANS

- 87 civilians killed (40 due to illness)

- 1780 hostages rescued from militants

- Nearly 1.1 million civilians displaced

To facilitate the rehabilitation of Marawi City, The Task Force Bangon Marawi (TFBM) was established by Administrative Order No. 3 in June 2017. One of the mandates of the TFBM was the conduct of a Post-Conflict Needs Assessment (PCNA) to inform the formulation of the Bangon Marawi Comprehensive Rehabilitation and Recovery plan. In October 2017 with the conclusion of the siege, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) deployed teams composed of sectoral representatives from the national, regional, and local governments.

The PCNA distinguished that around 21 street segments were harmed inside the most affected areas (MAA) which resulted from the air assault and development of substantial military gear and shielded vehicles.

The evaluation uncovered that the street pathways experienced potholes, various splits, pits, street cuts, and broken sections and trenches.

Preceding the attack, the water flexibility framework was working below productive levels. The interior framework was assembled over five decades back, which was adjusting for the most part the zones presently considered as the MAA. The insufficiency in water supply offices was worsened by the attack, with the complete demolition of one pumping and its connected conveyance channels and plundering of generators and vehicles.

Media transmission offices, which were overwhelmingly exclusive, were either completely annihilated or plundered during the attack.

Marawi City is a 4th income class city that had an annual municipality income of between ₱25,000,000 to ₱34,999,999. According to the 2000 Census, the annual average family income in the area was ₱83,413 out of more than 100,000 families.

The Task Force Bangon Marawi (TFBM) said that rehabilitation for the lost income during the disaster will cost PHP 75 billion (US$1.4 billion) and will be completed in 2021. The local government of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) allocated ₱35 million as aid for displaced Marawi residents. The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) also pledged to provide one-time aid of ₱1,000 to each displaced family.

Marawi City is mostly populated by Maranaos housing 129,809 households that make up almost 96.18% of the population in the area while others are Bisaya, Tagalog, Cebuano, and Ilonggo.

Islam was the dominant religion in the town comprising 95.57 percent of the household population. Roman Catholic ranked second with 2.28 percent while Iglesia ni Cristo ranked third with 0.58 percent. The remaining few were from the Salvation Army of the Philippines, the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints, Evangelical, and Aglipayan churches.

Lake Lanao was the nearest body of water to Marawi City as it was just next to the town area. Proclaimed as a watershed reservation in 1992 through Presidential Proclamation 971, it ensured protection of forest cover and water yield for hydropower, irrigation, and domestic use.

It is a large ancient lake in the Philippines, located in Lanao del Sur province in the country's southern island of Mindanao. With a surface area of 340 square kilometers, it is the largest lake in Mindanao, and the second largest lake in the Philippines and counted as one of the 15 ancient lakes in the world. It has a maximum depth of 400 feet and a mean depth of 198 feet.

There was no news report however stating whether the Lake Lanao was affected by the battle of Marawi or not. The war took place mostly on land, so fortunately it may not have been damaged.

https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/linked-documents/52313-001-sd-01.pdf

https://www.adb.org/news/features/marawi-relief-effort-408-million-adb-support-city-rebuilding

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marawi

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines

http://www.psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/ird/quickstat/Mar_44.pdf

https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2017/11/philippines-battle-of-marawi-leaves-trail-of-death-and-destruction/

https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/10/happened-marawi-171029085314348.html https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Marawi%20city.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Lanao