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introduction
introduction
Chemistry is about understanding the nature of matter and changing matter in useful ways. Ancestors of the First Nations people used their knowledge about the nature of matter and its processes to help them meet their basic needs. Early in human history, people began to understand the relationship between temperature and the states of matter- solid, liquid and gas. The discovery of how to start fires and keep them going led to new ways of processing and using materials. Water could be turned quickly from ice to liquid water to steam. Food could be cooked to make it tastier and to delay spoiling. Heat from fire could turn mid into brick, clay into ceramic and sand into glass.
learning activities
learning activities
Identify examples of how early humans worked with chemical substances to meet their basic needs
Read pages 18–21. Please note the “Info. Bits” on p.18 & 20
models of the atom
models of the atom
Pages 22-25
Many scientists were involved in developing the model of the atom that we currently use today. You must understand the work of Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr in regards to their contribution to the Atomic Model.
The quantum mechanical model ofthe atom
The quantum mechanical model ofthe atom
Today's model of the atom is based on a theory called quantum mechanics. It describes how electrons exist in atoms. Each electron can be thought of as a"cloud" of negative charge, instead of a tiny negative particle. Rather than thinking of the electron as a small particle moving quickly through a space, as Bohr initially did, electrons "occupy" the whole space all at once at different energy levels.
The electron cloud surrounds a nucleus containing two types of particles called protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive electrical charge, and neutrons have no electrical charge.
learning activities
learning activities
Read and make notes for pages 18–21. Please note the “Info. Bits” on p.18 & 20.
Complete the check and Reflect on page 25- Questions 1-11
Next: You are now ready to move on to complete the Unit Review- Self-Test, and once you feel prepared after reviewing the course material for section A1.1-1.3, you are ready for test permission for A1 Unit Test
For Test permission- you must bring the following to a Science teacher:
Notes on Sections A1.1- A1.3
Completed Learning Activities
Completed Unit Review- Self-Test
Upon completion of A1 Unit test you will be ready to move on to complete Sections A2.1- A2.5
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