Guiding Questions
Overall:
How do government policies impact the experience of groups within the US?
Who is the government trying to uplift?
Do government policies determine the success of groups within the US?
Case Study:
How has the government’s actions impacted this group’s (Black community in Brooklyn) ability to succeed in the United States?
Can a city be designed to work for all of its citizens?
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POLICIES & IMPACT - Extra Resources
Current Events/Linked to History
"Black political power is inextricably tied to the size of the Black population in New York." from Vital City, 2024
Impact of Great Migration on NYC
VIDEO & Text: "The Great Migration", from history.com
"The Long-Lasting Legacy of the Great Migration" by Isabel Wilkerson, from Smithsonian Magazine, 2016
AUDIO: "A Brooklyn Museum Exhibition Investigates the Legacy of the Great Migration", All of It, WNYC, 2023
Redlining
"A brief history of redlining" from Enivronment & Health Data Portal, nyc.gov
"From Redlining to Predatory Lending: A Secret Economic History of Brooklyn", Brownstoner, 2016
"The Stains of Redlining" from Vital City, 2023
Robert Moses
VIDEO & Text: "Robert Moses, the man who rebuilt New York" from CBS News, 2022
"Revisiting San Juan Hill, the neighborhood destroyed to make way for Lincoln Center," All Things Considered, NPR, 2022
"Before Lincoln Center, San Juan Hill Was a Vibrant Black Community", NYTimes, 2023
"How Master Builder Robert Moses Transformed Brooklyn as We Know It," Brownstoner, 2016
Gentrification / Displacement
"Gentrification", National Geographic Encyclopedic Entry
"What Are Gentrification and Displacement" Urban Displacement Project
"Gentriciation in Brooklyn: Rising costs, changing neighborhoods" from Pix11, 2024
VIDEO: "What Happens When Neighborhoods Gentrify?", The Business of Life, VICE News, 2017
"Who Benefits from Gentrification?" PBS SoCal, 2017
"From Bodegas to Boutiques: The Changing Face of Retailing Shows Gentrification's Effects", The New School's Center for New York City Affairs, 2024
"The City Has a new Plan to Keep Black Bed-Stuy Residents in Their Homes" from BKReader, 2020
"Mapping the Impact of Super-Gentrification in American Cities", Pratt, 2021
"New York - Gentrification and Displacement", Urban Displacement Project, 2016
Bed-Stuy Housing Plan, NYC.gov
PRIMARY SOURCE: Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation Oral Histories (2007-2008), Center for Brooklyn History / BPL (Look at Indexes in interviews for "gentrification")
RESISTANCE - Extra Resources
Congressional Black Caucus Foundation: Fair Housing Legislation , from Congressional Black Caucus Foundation website
PRIMARY SOURCE Docs: (scroll down) Congressional Black Caucus Foundation: Fair Housing
PRIMARY SOURCE: (Testimony of Shirley Chisholm) Congressional Black Caucus Testimony in support of the Fair Housing Act Amendments, 1979 pulled from https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/items/6afbd489-dba4-4146-9c3d-05eb079bd7c0
"Story of cities #32: Jane Jacobs v. Robert Moses, battle of New York's urban titans", The Guardian, 2016
VIDEO: "Organizing Against Gentrification and Displacement" BK Stories, Bric TV
Association for Neighborhood and Housing Development, NYC
"Fighting Gentrification on the Ground: A First-Hand Account", from Van Alen
Crown Heights Tenant Union, crownheightstenantunion.org
"A Fight to the Throne: Can the 'Old' Crown Heights Reclaim its Reign?" BKReader, 2023
Communities Resist, Community Lawyering & Organizing group
"Anti-Gentrification" / Brooklyn Anti-gentrification Network (BAN) from Equality for Flatbush
"Empowering Black-Owned Businesses and Fighting Gentrificaiton in a Historica Brooklyn Neighborhood" from BlackEnterprise.com
Building Black Bed Stuy, website for grassroots org
Black Homeownership Project, website supporting Black homeownership in NYC
Willoughby Hart Historic District, website of grassroots org in Bed-Stuy
"In Bed-Stuy, a watermelon stand stands strong against tides of gentrification" from USA Today
CLASS RESOURCES (Pulled from Google Classroom Classwork)
11 - Brooklyn Primary Sources
PRIMARY SOURCES: Gentrifciation in Bed-Stuy, Brooklyn
10 - Science VS- Gentrification Podcast
AUDIO: "Gentrification: What's Really Happening?" , Science Vs Podcast
Text: Transcript of "Gentrification: What's Really Happening?"
9 - Positives & Negatives of Gentrification
Stats for Jobs, Income, Rents, & NYCHA (6 Sources)
8- Displacement
VIDEO: "What It's Like to Lose Your Home to Gentrification" from BuzzFeed
"Gentrification in a Brooklyn Neighborhood Forces Residents to Move On" from NYTimes
PRIMARY SOURCE: Flyers from Bed-Stuy Neighborhood, 2015
7 - Gentrification
VIDEO: "Gentrification Explained" from Urban Displacement Project
AUDIO: "Mouth to Ear", There Goes the Neighborhood Podcast, WNYC (Developer)
AUDIO: "Decoding the Language of Gentrification" from The Takeaway, WNYC (Gentrifier)
AUDIO: "There Goes The Neighborhood: Race & Gentrification" from The Takeaway, WNYC (Gentrified)
6 - Shirley Chisholm
"Mrs. Chisholm Defeats Farmer, Is First Negro Woman in House", NYTimes, 1968
PRIMARY SOURCE: Photo Shirley Chisholm, Brower Park Branch, 1970
VIDEO: "Shirley Chisholm: The first balck woman to run for US president", BBC World Service
5 - Jane Jacobs and Robert Moses
VIDEO: Citizen Jane: Battle for the City (2017) (Link to Trailer)
4 - Effects of Redlining and Resistance
"A brief history of redlining" from NYC.gov
"Operation Clean Sweep" (pages 25-26) ("Black Brooklyn," Primary Source Packet, BPL
"From Redlining to Predatory Lending: A Secret Economic History of Brooklyn" from Brownstoner
"The Quietly Radical, 60-Year-Old Signs of Bed Stuy" from Forbes
3 - Redlining in Brooklyn
VIDEO: American Experience: New York, Episode 6. Directed by Rick Burns. 2003. 1:24- 1:28:30
Mapping Inequality (Interactive Map)
2 - Great Migration
"The Long-Lasting Legacy of the Great Migration" by Isabel Wilkerson, Sept 2016
Racial demographics of Brooklyn in 1920 (Brooklyn Public Library)
1 - Redlining BBK
Bedford-Stuyvesant (Primary Source Packet, BPL)
Crown Heights (Project Packet,BPL)
Weeksville (Primary Source Packet, BPL)
"How the Free Black Community of Weeksville Rose in 19th-Century Brooklyn" (from Preservation Magazine)