Guiding Questions (Choose One)
Overall:
How do government policies impact the experience of groups within the US?
Was this group's resistance successful?
Case Study:
How have attitudes towards Asians in the US influenced government policies?
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BACKGROUND - Extra Resources
(includes VIDEOs) Asian American Milestones: Timeline from History.com
Chinese Immigration
(Primary Source) "A photograph of a group of white and Chinese miners at a sluice box in Auburn Ravine, 1852" (plus description / brief history) from Digital Public Library of America
"Transcontinental Railroad: How 20,000 Chinese Immigrants Made It Happen" from History.com
"What Archaeologists Are Learning about the Lives of the Chinese Immigrants Who Built the Transcontinental Railroad" from Smithsonian Magazine.
Japanese Immigration
"First Japanese immigrant arrives in the U.S." from History.com
"Immigration from Japan" from KQED.com
"Spotlight on Japanese American History" from California Historical Society
South Asian Immigration
(VIDEO) "Early South Asian Immigration" /Asian Americans - PBS Learning Media
POLICIES - Extra Resources
"Anti-Asian laws and policies" (A Brief Overview) from the National Park Service
Chinese Exclusion Act
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) - from the National Archives
(VIDEO) "The dark history of the Chinese Exclusion Act" - TED-Ed
(VIDEO) "The Chinese Exclusion Act" / Asian Americans - PBS Learning Media
Asian Americans & School Segregation
"Segregation of Japanese School Kids in San Francisco Sparks An International Incident" from California State Library.
"San Francisco School Board Removes Rule Requirign Some Students to Attend 'Oriental Schools' " from NBC.com
"My Generation Will Never Forget: Oral Histories of Chinese American Students in 'Separate but Equal' Oriental Schools" from USF by Kelsey Owyang
Japan & Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907-08
(includes PRIMARY SOURCEs) "Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907-08" from immigrationhistory.org / UT Austin Dept of History
(VIDEO) "The Gentlemen's Agreement: Restricting Japanese Immigration to America" from American History 101
"Gentlemen's Agreement" from History.com
Alien Land Laws
"State alien land laws drive some China-born US citizens to rethink their politics" from the AP (2024)
"Immigration and Exclusion" from UWashington
(includes VIDEO): "California's Alien Land Laws" by Sara Rimer, from Equal Justice initiative
"Japanese Americans and the Alien Land Law" from Sonoma State University
Immigration Act of 1917 "Asiatic Barred Zone Act"
"From 1917-2017: Immigration, Exclusion, and 'National Security'" from SAADA (South Asian American Digital Archive)
"Immigration Act of 1917" from Densho Encyclopedia
(Includes Primary Source-Excerpt Text) "Immigration Act of 1917 (Barred Zone Act)" from ImmigrationHistory.org of UT Austin
Angel Island
(includes VIDEO) "History of Angel Island Immigration Station" from Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation
"Angel Island Immigration Station" from History.com
(VIDEO) "The Immigrants of Angel Island/The History You Didn't Learn" from TIME
Immigration Act of 1924 / Johnson-Reed Act
"The Immigration Act of 1924 (The Johnson-Reed Act)" from the US Office of the Historian
"The Immigration Act of 1924" from Penn Today
"Immigration Act of 1924 Prohibits Immigration from Asia" from Equal Justice Initiative (EJI)
"The Lasting Legacy of the Johnson-Reed Act" from the Tenement Museum
Japanese Internment - 1942 / Executive Order 9066
"Japanese American Incarceration" from The National WWII Museum, New Orleans
(Includes Primary Sources) "Japanese American Incarceration During World War II" from National Archives
"War Relocation Centers" from National Park Service
(VIDEO): "Ugly History: Japanese American incarceration camps - Densho" from TED Ed
(VIDEO) "Japanese Internment Camp Survivors Speak Out" from Inside Edition
RESISTANCE - Extra Resources
"Paper Sons and Daughters and the Complexity of Choices During the Exclusion Era" from Facing History and Ourselves
"The 8 Year Old Chinese American Girl Who Helped Desegregate Schools - in 1885" from History.com
(VIDEO) "The Fight Against School Segregation" /Asian Americans from PBS Learning Media
"Chinese American Citizens Alliance" from Chinese Historical Society of Southern California.
"Scholar highlights history of U.S. South Asians who were barred and respressed" from Colorado Arts & Sciences Magazine
(VIDEO) "Asian Americans endure long fight against history of exclusion in the US" from ABC News
"Asian American Histories of Resistance Timeline" from AACRE (Asian Americans for Civil Rights and Equality)
"Wong Chin Foo" (Chinese American Activist & Journalist) from Museum of Chinese in America
(VIDEO) "United States v. Wong Kim Ark" from PBS
(VIDEO) "Takao Ozawa vs. United States Case Brief Summary/Law Case Explained" from Quimbee
"Center shatters myth of 'quiet' Japanese Americans imprisoned in camps" from UCLA.
"Remembering Gordon Hirabayashi" from ACLU
"Asian Americans in the People's History of the United States" from Zinn Education Project
CLASS RESOURCES (Pulled from Google Classroom Classwork)
13 - KOREMATSU v US and Reparations
Financial Impacts of Incarceration from Densho Encyclopedia & National Archives
Health Impacts of Incarceration from PBS and CEPR (Centre for Economic Policy Research)
(VIDEO) Legal Impacts of Incarceration: And Then They Came for Us (33:10-36:54)
“Think reparations are impossible?” From The Guardian
12 - Japanese Incarceration
“Japanese-American Incarceration” from National Archives
(Primary Sources): images
(VIDEO): Video. Asian Americans. Episode 2. Public Broadcasting System. 2020. (18:35-24:13)
(eBook): They Called Us Enemy by George Takei
11- Anti-Japanese Sentiment
(Primary Sources): Link to slides
(VIDEO): “The Attack on Pearl Harbor” from Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum
Historian’s Notes for “Pearl Harbor Remembered” by Kay Uno In Only What We Could Carry: The Japanese American Internment Experience, edited by Lawson R. Inada, 31-32. Berkeley, CA: Heyday.
10 - Japanese Immigration to the US
(Primary Source): this letter ("Letter to the State of Washington," 1920)
"Japanese Immigration & Discrimination" From: Lee, Erika. The Making of Asian America: A History. Simon and Schuster: 2015.
9 - Practicing
Practicing Analysis Evidence Bank
8 - South Asians in the US from the 1900s to Today
(VIDEO) Video - Asian Americans. Episode 1. Public Broadcasting System. 2020.
Short Articles in Classwork (scroll down): "Indian Americans now largest Asian American group in U.S.", "Poll: Discrimination against Asian Americans in rampant but ignored", "Key facts about Asian Americans, a diverse and growing population", excerpt from “Vishavjit Singh: Sikh Cartoonist and Captain America.”
7 - Life in the US for South Asians
(VIDEO) "Dancers Honor California’s Mexican-Punjabi Heritage”, KQED Arts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CzpgvCZQjkY&t=119s
The Asiatic Barred Zone Source: Lee, Erika. The Making of Asian America: A History. Simon and Schuster, 2015.
Alien Land Laws Source: South Asian America in the Classroom. South Asian Digital Archive. 2023.
Anti-Miscegenation Laws Source: “Roots in the Sand.” Public Broadcasting System. https://www.pbs.org/rootsinthesand/, 2000.
Primary Source 1: Hindus Scared by Plans to Oust Them Puget Sound American. September 16, 1906. p. 2
Primary Source 2: The Hindu in the Northwest Dodd, Werter D. “The Hindu in the Northwest.” The World Today. Vol. 13, 1907.
Source 1: Habib Ullah: Building a Bengali Harlem Ullah, Alaudin. “Habib Ullah: Building Bengali Harlem, a Hidden South Asian Community.” Hidden Voices: Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in United States History. 2022.
Source 2: South Asian American in the Classroom Punjabi-Mexican Families” South Asian America in the Classroom. South Asian Digital Archive. 2023.
6 - South Asians Come to the US
(VIDEO) Asian Americans. Episode 1. Public Broadcasting System. 2020. (33:00-37:35)
"South Asian Immigrants" Excerpted from: Lee, Erika. The Making of Asian America: A History. Simon and Schuster, 2015.
4 - Chinese American Resistance
Link to the slides from class
"Wong Kim Ark: Cook, Citizen, and Civil Rights Pioneer" by John Cheng
"Mamie Tape: Chinese Americans' Fight for Education" by Mae Ngai
3 - Anti-Chinese Movement
"The Chinese Must Go!" Adapted from: Lee, Erika. The Making of Asian America: A History. Simon and Schuster, 2015.
3 - Chinese Immigration: Push/Pull
Escape to Gold Mountain by David H.T. Wong - BOOK / graphic novel ". . . a vivid graphic history of the Chinese Experience in North America over the last 150 years . . ."