Before and After Project

Skyelas Project

For Skyela's project she decided to do a drawing of the ducks perspective of Turtle Island before CloudCuckooLand and a photo rendering of the ducks perspective in CloudCuckooLand. These two images bring attention to a very serious problem, pollution. What was once beautiful and green turned into a dark smoke filled city.

Claires Project

For Claire's duck project she decided to do a connecting image of her duck before CloudCuckooLand and after. The beautiful image can be seen here!

Bird Research

Ducks

(Specifically Mallards)

Type of duck:

• They are a dabbling duck.

Location:

• It's Mr Worldwide.

  • They can be found in Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Climate Preference:

• They love shallow sanctuaries. But they can be found in almost any body of freshwater across Asia, Europe, and North America. They can be found in saltwater, brackish water, and wetlands.

• They can be found in the Arctic tundra and subtropical regions. They are all over the place.

Food:

They eat aquatic vegetation, insects, worms, and grain crops like wheat and corn. They are dabbling ducks, so they dive into the water to get their food.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBjRU-1p-3A (it's adorable)

Life Span:

• In the Wild:

  • 5 to 10 years

• In Captivity:

  • Up to 10 years

Family Layout:

• A pair may migrate to and breed in the northern parts of their area and build their nests. They normally lay about a dozen eggs, and the incubation period lasts just under a month. Mallards are territorial during much of this period, but once incubation is well underway, males abandon the nest and join a flock of other males.

• Mallards choose new mating partners each fall, staying together throughout the winter and into the spring mating season. Once the mating season is over, the male mallard moves away from the female.

• Interestingly, Female Mallards have a tendency to breed near the place where they hatched.

• Male mallards have no involvement in caring for their offspring.

• Mallards know how to swim and feed right after they are hatched, meaning that they are precocial.

• The ducklings will follow their mother for the next 50 to 60 days while developing their ability to fly. Ducks reach breeding age after a year and the cycle continues.

• Interestingly, Mallards have a high male-male sexual activity. At least 19% of all pairs in a population are in a male-male relationship. (Don’t know the numbers on female pairs)

Home:

They will usually be on the ground near a body of water.

• Can be found in:

  • Saltwater

  • Brackish

  • Wetlands

  • Freshwater

  • The Arctic

  • Subtropical regions (They are in the Bahamas, which is cool)

Nest materials:

• Mallard Ducks usually nest on the ground

• They use grass, weeds, rushes, and any other material near the nest area.

Different Types:

Mallards are so widespread that some have evolved to that area, creating almost a new species there.

Temperament:

• Mallards sleep with one eye open, allowing one brain hemisphere to remain aware while the other sleeps.

• They spend their days sleeping, roosting, sunbathing, and eating.

• They are territorial over their area when in the breeding process.

• During non-breeding seasons they can be seen threatening, pecking, arguing over resting areas and brief chasing. (they don’t seem to be very nice to each other)

• Males are incredibly aggressive.

  • Male ducks give an open-bill threat they would rush at the opponent with their head held low. They would chase them and peck or bite the opponent. Fighting involves breast-to-breast pushing, opponents' bills pointing down in front; frequently results in denuded patches on males' breasts during pairing disputes in winter. At high intensities, blows also struck with wings, and circular fighting may occur. On territory boundaries, evenly matched males rush along flapping over water, side by side

• To appease each other, two males might drink or eat together.

• Courtship:

  • Social courtship occurs in open water. Several males gather around one female and perform displays directed at her. The males would hold an introductory posture with their head sunk in their shoulders. Males would show their interest in a female with ritualized shaking movements. The movements are a head shake, head flick and a swimming shake.

• Single males will try to attract a female by using jump flights.

• A female would show interest by nodding her head back and forth with their neck up or by dragging their head low over the water.

• Synchronized male displays are common and involve up to 5 males displaying themselves.

• Courting males will try to lead a female away by turning their head back in front of her.

• There are also courting flights that may last 5-10 minutes. This happens when a female flies and is followed by males. These flights are slow and erratic.

• Females show preference by following the male and will entice him with her own movements and calls.

• Interestingly, females prefer more aggressive males who have high dominance (they have mated before) with bright yellow-green bill colour and high-quality male-plumage features.

  • But ducks can have preferences.

• During mating season, most birds will not be social.

• Quacks:

  • Duck quack to communicate with each other.

    • We see the most known quack in females

    • Females quack for many reasons

      • They quack when they are alone (especially when separated from their partner)

        • When they are quacking alone, other birds might join in. So this suggests that the duck is telling others where and who they are.

      • She will quack before laying eggs. Like to tell others she has mated and has claimed a spot.

      • Female ducks will use quacks to communicate with her kids.

  • Male mallards do not quack, but make a noise that sounds like “kreep.”

Mallards are disgusting:

• Unfortunately, a Mallard has been seen engaging in necrophilia. (There is like one known case of this. Don’t know if it is common.)

• But sexual assault for reproduction is common. Mallards tend to be monogamous(in their mating cycle), but the but paired males pursue females other than their mates. Extra pairs are common among birds and in many species it is consensual. But male Mallards often force mating, usually with several males chasing a single female then sexually assaulting her. These can also lead to the death of the female.

Symbolism:

Indigenous Symbolism:

• Naive, foolish, gullible

• A trickster

• Specifically, mallards are a symbol of the only bird that could bring land for other animals and the Creator by diving into the ocean.

• A mallard can also symbolize a warning to not self-praise and get excited too soon.

Chinese Symbolism:

• Love, affection, marriage, bringing love to the home.

  • It was a gift that was given during valentines day.

• A wish for many baby boys.

Christian Symbolism:

• blessing, protection, enlightenment

• Letting insignificant things anger you

• Gods forgiveness and Satan’s temptation

Celtic Symbolism:

• Migration, Transition, resourcefulness, honesty, simplicity, sensitive, graceful, adaptable, intuition, balance.

Egyptian Symbolism:

• divine posture

• Ducks hatched from a golden egg with the sun

• Geb and the “Great Honker” created the earth

• Ducks are both the mother and father of the universe

Duck Classifications

Types Of Ducks:

Dabbling Ducks (a freshwater duck which typically feeds in shallow water by dabbling and upending)

Diving Ducks (a duck of a type which dives under water for food)

Eider(very nice feathers for cold climates)

Goldeneye(pretty gold eyes and round heads)

Merganser(hooked bills eat lots of fishes)

Perching Duck (Perch)

Scoter(Very Bulky sea birds)

Sea-Duck(it's in the name haha)

All ducks

• African Black Duck (Anas sparsa)

• American Black Duck (Anas rubripes)

• American White-Winged Scoter (Melanitta deglandi)

• American Wigeon (Anas americana)

• Andean Teal (Anas andium)

• Asian White-Winged Scoter (Melanitta stejnegeri)

• Auckland Islands Teal (Anas aucklandica)

• Australasian Shoveler (Anas rhynchotis)

• Australian Shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides)

• Australian Wood Duck (Chenonetta jubata)

• Baer's Pochard (Aythya baeri)

• Baikal Teal (Anas formosa)

• Barrow's Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica)

• Black Scoter (Melanitta americana)

• Black-Bellied Whistling-duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis)

• Black-Headed Duck (Heteronetta atricapilla)

• Blue Duck (Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos)

• Blue-Billed Duck (Oxyura australis)

• Blue-Winged Teal (Anas discors)

• Brazilian Merganser (Mergus octosetaceus)

• Brazilian Teal (Amazonetta brasiliensis)

• Brown Teal (Anas chlorotis)

• Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola)

• Campbell Islands Teal (Anas nesiotis)

• Canvasback (Aythya valisineria)

• Cape Shoveler (Anas smithii)

• Cape Teal (Anas capensis)

• Chestnut Teal (Anas castanea)

• Chiloe Wigeon (Anas sibilatrix)

• Cinnamon Teal (Anas cyanoptera)

• Comb Duck (Sarkidiornis melanotos)

• Common Eider (Somateria mollissima)

• Common Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula)

• Common Merganser (Mergus merganser)

• Common Pochard (Aythya ferina)

• Common Scoter (Melanitta nigra)

• Common Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna)

• Common Teal (Anas crecca)

• Crested Duck (Lophonetta specularioides)

• Crested Shelduck (Tadorna cristata)

• Eastern Spot-Billed Duck (Anas zonorhyncha)

• Eaton's Pintail (Anas eatoni)

• Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope)

• Falcated Duck (Anas falcata)

• Falkland Steamerduck (Tachyeres brachypterus)

• Ferruginous Duck (Aythya nyroca)

• Flightless Steamerduck (Tachyeres pteneres)

• Flying Steamerduck (Tachyeres patachonicus)

• Freckled Duck (Stictonetta naevosa)

• Fulvous Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna bicolor)

• Gadwall (Anas strepera)

• Garganey (Anas querquedula)

• Greater Scaup (Aythya marila)

• Grey Teal (Anas gracilis)

• Hardhead (Aythya australis)

• Harlequin Duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)

• Hartlaub's Duck (Pteronetta hartlaubii)

• Hawaiian Duck (Anas wyvilliana)

• Hooded Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus)

• Hottentot Teal (Anas hottentota)

• King Eider (Somateria spectabilis)

• Lake Duck (Oxyura vittata)

• Laysan Duck (Anas laysanensis)

• Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis)

• Lesser Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna javanica)

• Long-Tailed Duck (Clangula hyemalis)

• Maccoa Duck (Oxyura maccoa)

• Madagascar Pochard (Aythya innotata)

• Madagascar Teal (Anas bernieri)

• Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)

• Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata)

• Marbled Teal (Marmaronetta angustirostris)

• Masked Duck (Nomonyx dominicus)

• Meller's Duck (Anas melleri)

• Mottled Duck (Anas fulvigula)

• Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata)

• Musk Duck (Biziura lobata)

• New Zealand Scaup (Aythya novaeseelandiae)

• Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)

• Northern Shoveler (Anas clypeata)

• Orinoco Goose (Neochen jubata)

• Pacific Black Duck (Anas superciliosa)

• Paradise Shelduck (Tadorna variegata)

• Philippine Duck (Anas luzonica)

• Pink-Eared Duck (Malacorhynchus membranaceus)

• Pink-Headed Duck (Rhodonessa caryophyllacea)

• Plumed Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna eytoni)

• Puna Teal (Anas puna)

• Radjah Shelduck (Tadorna radjah)

• Red Shoveler (Anas platalea)

• Red-Billed Duck (Anas erythrorhyncha)

• Red-Breasted Merganser (Mergus serrator)

• Red-Crested Pochard (Netta rufina)

• Redhead (Aythya americana)

• Ring-Necked Duck (Aythya collaris)

• Ringed Teal (Callonetta leucophrys)

• Rosy-Billed Pochard (Netta peposaca)

• Ruddy Duck (Oxyura jamaicensis)

• Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea)

• Salvadori's Teal (Salvadorina waigiuensis)

• Scaly-Sided Merganser (Mergus squamatus)

• Silver Teal (Anas versicolor)

• Smew (Mergellus albellus)

• South African Shelduck (Tadorna cana)

• Southern Pochard (Netta erythrophthalma)

• Spectacled Duck (Speculanas specularis)

• Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri)

• Spotted Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna guttata)

• Steller's Eider (Polysticta stelleri)

• Sunda Teal (Anas gibberifrons)

• Surf Scoter (Melanitta perspicillata)

• Torrent Duck (Merganetta armata)

• Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula)

• Velvet Scoter (Melanitta fusca)

• Wandering Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna arcuata)

• West Indian Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna arborea)

• Western Spot-Billed Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha)

• White-Backed Duck (Thalassornis leuconotus)

• White-Cheeked Pintail (Anas bahamensis)

• White-Faced Whistling-duck (Dendrocygna viduata)

• White-Headed Duck (Oxyura leucocephala)

• White-Headed Steamerduck (Tachyeres leucocephalus)

• White-Winged Duck (Cairina scutulata)

• Wood Duck (Aix sponsa)

• Yellow-Billed Duck (Anas undulata)

• Yellow-Billed Pintail (Anas georgica)

• Yellow-Billed Teal (Anas flavirostris)

Ducks?:

• African Pygmy-Goose (Nettapus auritus)

• Blue-Winged Goose (Cyanochen cyanoptera)

• Cotton Pygmy-Goose (Nettapus coromandelianus)

• Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca)

• Green Pygmy-Goose (Nettapus pulchellus)

• Kelp Goose (Chloephaga hybrida)

Lineage Research

Skyelas Lineage

My Father and Uncle have gotten DNA tests, and this is just an estimate of what I would be:

British Irish 78.40%

French and German 3.05%

Scandinavian 1.40%

Broadly Northwestern European 14.85%

Italian 0.15%

Broadly Southern European 0.35%

Broadly European 0.60%

Central Asia 0.20%

Broadly Melanesian 0.10%

Broadly Western Asian & North African 0.10%

Bengali & Northern Indian 0.15%

Broadly Southern Asia India 0.50%

North African 0.10%

Unassigned 0.05%

I have a little Neanderthal in me from my mother’s side.

I am a 1st generation American born in Miami, Florida,(I was a high-risk pregnancy) and brought up in The Bahamas. My grandparents migrated to the Bahamas when my mother was four years old. My maternal Great Grandmother, Rose Henderson, married Cyril Arthur Buckner. They met in Scotland but moved to England. (Link to a presentation I did about Rose during WWII) My Great Grandmother, Rose Buckner, was a Henderson and from the Henderson Clan of Scotland. My Great Great Great Grandfather John Henderson was a farmer and fisher in Akow, Caithness Scotland. Hence my direct connection to the Henderson and Gunn clans and the Vikings.

My Great Grandfather, Cyril Arthur Buckner, was born in India and went to Britain to study and went to Edinburgh University to become a Vet. It was during his time in Edinburgh that he met Rose. His family, James Buckner, had moved from England to India around 200 years earlier as part of a regiment. This was part of the British colonisation of India. The resort of Cyril's family returned to England when India gained independence. Today there are few Buckners in England as they travelled a great deal. Quite a few came to the United States, and there are a few in Kansas City. There is also Buckner Mountain in Washington State.

On my Grandma’s side, Sandra Johnson is 98% Northern European, and her lineage goes back to the 1600s in Norwich, England. They were regular country folk with a get on with it attitude. Relatives did work for the Duke of Wellington in France, performing Wartime Reparations in the Napoleonic War. One distant relative converted to the Mormon religion and left Britain for the United States on a boat. He became a very senior in the Mormon community. Today there are more descendants from his line than there are now in Britain.

My parents also met in Scotland where they were both working, and I am named after the Isle of Skye in Scotland.

Scottish:

I am from two Scottish clans on my maternal side from my Great Grandmother. She was from the clans, The Gunns and the Hendersons.

Gunns:

(the Norse word gunnr means war)

• History:

The Gunn clan is one of the oldest clans. They are descendants from the Norsemen(Vikings) and possible descendants from Olaf the Black. Known for their ferociousness, the Gunns were constantly fighting their neighbours. They were in a constant scuffle with their land being trespassed on from the North, South and West. They hated the Keiths(I hate the Keiths).

The only daughter of Lachlan Gunn named Helen was known for her great beauty and was due to marry her cousin Alexander. But a Keith named Dugald tried to woo her and was rejected. Out of jealousy, Dugald paid a surprise visit to her wedding day and surrounded them with armed members of his own family who began slaughtering the unsuspecting Gunns. Dugald took Helen and imprisoned her, and to escape his sexual abuse, she went to the top of the tower and jumped to her death. The hatred between the two clans persisted for years with each clan attacking one another. Then in 1464, the two chiefs agreed to meet in the chapel of St Tears to end the feud. The chief at that time was George. He held the important office of crowner and wore the brooch to the meeting. He arrived at the chapel on horseback with eleven other riders, as agreed. The Keiths also arrived with twelve horses but with two riders per horse and slaughtered the Gunns. They took the brooch of the crowner from George and a century later William MacKames the grandson of George avenged their death with the life of George Keith of Akergill, his son, and twelve others in the bloodbath at Drummoy in Sutherland.

The Gunn Clan had also had a conflict with the MacKays and the Earls of Caithness and Sutherland. In 1585 the Gunn clan outnumbered, successfully held off a joint attack by the Earls taking 140 enemy lives before sundown.

The Gunn Crest is an arm attired in the Gunn tartan, with the hand grasping a basket hilt sword. The Gunn Motto "Aut pax aut bellum" means “Either peace or war”

There is evidence that at the end of the 14th century Sir James Gunn accompanied Sir Henry Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, to North America, nearly one hundred years before Christopher Columbus.

• Location:

  • Between (NorthEastern Scotland) Caithness and Sutherland.

  • Highland Scottish clan.

• Language:

  • Scandinavian and Gaelic

• Way of Living:

• Tartan/Kilt:

  • A Tartan is a patterned cloth comprising crisscrossed, horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colours. Tartans originally were made of wool, but now they use multiple materials with it.

• Almost all Scottish clans have over one tartan attributed to their surname. There are no rules on who can or cannot wear a particular tartan, and it is possible for anyone to create a tartan and name it almost any name they wish, the only person with the authority to make a clan's tartan official is the chief.

Castles

• Higher Power:

  • Very little about religion is known in Scotland before the arrival of Christianity. It is assumed that they could have followed something similar to Celtic Polytheism, and there is evidence that they worshipped spirits. It is believed that their beliefs were deeply rooted in local culture and superstition.

    • Celtic Polytheism:

      • Been around since 900 BCE

      • Hard to define because of a wide range of practices and traditions. Followed Oral tradition so everything recorded about these practices is from others such as Julius Caesar and Christian monks of the British Isles.

        • They have been described as a warrior culture or agrarian. This could be completely wrong since the only direct line we have is from artefacts that are found throughout Europe.

      • Occupied the modern areas of Eastern Europe, Greece, Spain, Northern Italy, Western Europe, England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.

      • https://milleryoustcelticpolytheism.weebly.com/

• Weapons:

  • Because of the contact between Scotland and Scandinavia, traces of the fighting style and weapons have carried over.

  • They were one of the earliest to use long swords, notably the Caithness.

• Unique heritage and reputation for being skilled fighters.

• One of the earliest to employ archers into their ranks.

• They used a mix of continental Europe, Traditional, and Norse influences to characterize their weapons.

• Most of the swords made in Scotland were probably produced by cutlers mounting imported blades with hilts according to local taste and tradition.

• Scottish warriors were faithful to old customs and ways of warfare. This is seen from medieval times up to the 18th century.

• Swords were incredibly important to the Gunns so much so there is one on their crest a basket hilt sword.

Hendersons:

("son of Henry" or "son of Hendry")

• History:

There are multiple groups of Hendersons. I’m just focusing on the one I am related to. This group originated in Caithness in the far north of the Scottish Highlands. In the late 15th century, a family difference led Henry Gunn, youngest son of the Clan Gunn chief, to branch off, forming the Henderson family line in Caithness. This Henderson clan was pretty peaceful and they weren't a prominent power in the Borders they were still classed as a riding clan. Fighting wasn't nearly as important to the Hendersons as it was to the Gunns. The Henderson clan was created because of that dispute. It’s interesting to see the remnants of the Gunns in the crest.

• Higher Power:

  • Celtic Polytheism? (Look back at Gunns)

• Weapons:

  • (Look back at Gunns)

  • Weapons were not as important to the Hendersons due to their desire to be more peaceful then the Gunns.

• Present Day Compare/Contrast:

The Henderson Clan is still going strong. They are trying to keep the heritage of the clan alive and to discover more about Sottish history. The current chief is Alistair D. Henderson of Fordell.

British rule in India is called The Raj; it lasted from 1858 until the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947. The Raj succeeded management of the subcontinent by the British East Indian Company after general distrust and dissatisfaction with company leadership resulted in a widespread mutiny of sepoy troops in 1857, causing the British to reconsider the structure of governance in India. The British government took possession of the company’s assets and imposed direct rule. The Raj was intended to increase Indian participation in governance, but the powerlessness of Indians to determine their own future without the consent of the British led to a strong desire for a national independence movement.

Language:

Urdu, Pashto, Hindi and English.

On another occasion, he was down in the native market. (My great grandfather spoke four languages fluently: Urdu, Pashto, Hindi and English) He was talking with a religious elder, saying that the world was round, that it was a planet and that it floated in space. My great grandfather got told that the earth rode on the back of an elephant. Cyril asked him what was under the elephant. The wise man laughed and said, its elephants all the way.

My great grandfather went “home” to England though he had never been to the place, and had never even seen the sea before, but England was always called “home” then, to go to boarding school. He went by ship from Bombay to Aden, to the Suez Canal, to Cyprus, Gibraltar and then Britain and never once left British territory. He met Rose in Scotland and they got married. He became a vet and they lived in southern England, where my grandfather Hugh was born.

The other people are also family members. The man sitting next to Sarah is Frederick’s brother, Lt.-Col. John Stanley M.B.E. Sitting in front of him are his sons Cedric Stanley Hall Buckner and Ethelbert Alfred Hall Buckner - the Hall Buckners - and they all moved to Durban, South Africa.

(Cool thing: I have a distant cousin who is a model. His name is Marc Buckner)

Higher Power:

The main religion in India is Hinduism

Hinduism includes numerous traditions, which are closely related

and share common themes but do not constitute a unified set of beliefs or

Practices.

Hinduism has no founder or date of origin. The authors and dates of most

Hindu sacred texts are unknown. Scholars describe modern Hinduism as the

product of religious development in India that spans nearly four thousand

years, making it the oldest surviving world religion.

Hinduism is not an organized religion. Many Hindus are devoted

followers of Shiva or Vishnu, whom they regard as the only true God, while

others look inward to the divine Self known as Atman. But most recognize the

existence of Brahman, the unifying principle and Supreme Reality behind all

that is.

Most Hindus believe and respect the authority of Vedas which is a collection of sacred text and Brahmans which is the priest class in the caste system. But some reject both of these. A Hindu’s religious life might take the form of devotion to a God or Gods or other things. Hinduism is incredibly diverse and complicated. (I really hope I’m getting some of this right.)

Hinduism encompasses all religions. Hindus believe the idea that truth is one and that people may call deities by different names but each way is a valid way to achieve a connection to god or gods.

People who follow Hinduism believe in the existence of an enduring soul that transmigrates from one body to another at death and the law of karma that determines one's destiny both in this life and the next. They believe that your actions can be carried from one life to another. All your actions will affect you in life and your reincarnation.

Modern Hinduism is divided into four major devotional sects: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism. Vaishnavism and Shaivism are generally regarded as monotheistic sects: each believes in one supreme God, who is identified as Vishnu in Vaishnavism, Shiva in Shaivism and Shakti in Shaktism. The most prevalent Hindu sect is Vaishnavism which is the largest. The devotional sects do not generally regard other sects as rivals, and each sect freely borrows beliefs and practices from others.

A little bit of history:

• The Medieval Period of Hinduism lasted from about 500 to 1500 A.D. During this time New texts emerged, and poet-saints recorded their spiritual sentiments during this time.

• In the 7th century, Muslim Arabs began invading areas in India. During parts of the Muslim Period, which lasted from about 1200 to 1757, Islamic rulers prevented Hindus from worshipping their deities, and some temples were destroyed.

• At the start of the 100 years, the British controlled India, the British allowed Hindus to practise their religion without interference. But later, Christian missionaries sought to convert and westernize the people. Because of this many reformers emerged during the British Period. Probably the most well-known one was Mahatma Gandhi who led a movement that pushed for India’s independence. The partition of India occurred in 1947, and Gandhi was assassinated in 1948. British India was split into what are now the independent nations of India and Pakistan, and Hinduism became the major religion of India. Starting in the 1960s, many Hindus migrated to North America and Britain, spreading their faith and philosophies to the western world.

Videos:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlBEEuYIWwY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EICcU9oN-s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bW_awN9uV6w

Prominent Deities

Avatars of Vishnu

Other Deities

Present Day Compare/Contrast:

India is definitely a beautiful place that has such a rich history. Briten did have an influence on India but the culture has lived on. While there are very beautiful parts of India like everywhere else India is not perfect. Its starting to improve with the caste system as it becomes less and less important to the lives of the people there. There are other problems there that I just don't know about and there are other magnificent things about India that I don't know about.