Miniature organisms spanning millimeter to centimeter scales thrive across water, land, and air. Despite their small sizes, they achieve extraordinary multiterrain and multimodal locomotion, along with robust sensing and task execution in complex, cluttered environments. In contrast, today’s miniature robots still exhibit limited mobility, adaptability, and endurance, leaving a substantial gap between their promise and real-world performance in hard-to-reach and confined spaces. This workshop will bring together researchers in biology, physics, robotics, and biomedical engineering to identify the key challenges and opportunities for building novel miniature robots with capabilities approaching those of small animals. Invited speakers will highlight recent advances in (i) biological studies on miniature animals that reveal scalable principles of locomotion and control, (ii) miniaturized actuation, power, and fabrication, (iii) onboard and distributed sensing, perception, and autonomy, and (iv) representative applications in biomedical, environmental, and industrial settings. A central theme of the workshop is to rigorously quantify the performance gap between biological systems and miniature robots using metrics such as speed, efficiency, stability, terrain/medium transitions, maneuverability, payload-to-weight ratio, robustness, and controllability, and to translate these comparisons into actionable design targets. Through talks, panel discussions, and interactive breakouts, participants will discuss emerging design principles, define shared benchmarks and evaluation protocols, and outline high-impact research directions and application pathways for miniature robots operating where conventional large-scale robotic systems struggle.