每个小组的主题单元设计中都会提及下列教学术语。
The terms below are essential to understanding today’s presentations.
是每个小组针对其教学单元设计的一个中心议题,其中包括该主题涉及的不同方面、角度。如:健身。
The overarching topic within which each team has targeted real-life tasks, communicative and pragmatic functions, and language forms for their instructional unit. Example: Personal fitness.
从主题延伸、发展出的数个相关论题。每个子题反映特定人物、地方和事物与主题的关系,并与现实世界的交际功能、语言使用、真实任务相关。如:健身与身份认同;与健身有关的心理状态;比较健身在中美文化中的相同或不同作用。
Any of several aspects of the theme that represent an application of the theme to specific people, places, and things and associated with sets of real-world communicative tasks. Examples: Personal fitness and personal identity; the psychology of personal fitness; comparing the role of personal fitness in Chinese and American culture.
是从子题的任何一个角度进行描述、表达、说明的事件、看法或论点。如:健身和长寿的关系;健身与生活质量;健身与个人信心。
Any of several aspects of a sub-theme on which one might “take sides” or express a particular view and that would represent a typical related topic, utilizing specific communicative functions. Examples: Personal fitness and longevity; personal fitness and quality of life; personal fitness and personal confidence.
是构成子话题论点的任何一个元素、侧面或论据。如:分析与身份认同相关的健身选择原因。
Any of several aspects of a sub-topic that constitute elements of, or supporting evidence for, a point of view or stance regarding a sub-topic. Example: Identity-related reasons people do or do not cultivate personal fitness.
是一系列具有交际语境、功能的真实活动、事件、经验。例如,生活中的找工作、买东西、艺术创作等。 如:以记者的身份采访并收集有关新婚人士对健身的态度。
A sequence of communicative events that allow the speaker to fulfill functions associated with various life contexts such as professional career, service encounters, artistic creation, etc. Example: In the role of a reporter, conduct a series of interviews to gather information for an article on attitudes to personal fitness among newly married individuals.
是从真实任务中提练出、与子题相关的、带有目标交际功能和语言形式的教学活动。如:同学之间根据虚拟的个人资料进行互相采访,了解对方对健身的态度,重点集中在健康对生活质量和个人信心的影响。
An instructional sequence based on targeted communicative functions drawn from an authentic task, but adapted for pedagogical purposes using a controlled catalogue of topically relevant language forms. Example: Each of your classmates has been assigned a fictitious personal profile. Interview one another to identify patterns and trends in individual attitudes toward personal fitness, focusing on impacts on health, quality of life, and confidence.
是真实任务和任务框架的语言基本组成部分,包括组块表达、句式、程式等,用来辅助学习者完成相关的交际需求。如:为了采访不同人对健身的态度,需要使用得体、适度的语言形成一系列问题:“在你看来,生活方式对健康有什么影响?” “气功算不算是一种健身运动?为什么?” 等等。
A catalogue of targeted culture knowledge, communicative functions, and language forms (formulaic expressions, communicative patterns and routines, etc.), defined for a specific instructional context, allowing learners to fulfill communicative needs associated with a given task. Example: In order to conduct interviews on attitudes toward personal fitness, one needs to be able to make use of relevant and appropriate language forms to form a series of questions relevant to the task, such as “In your opinion, how does lifestyle impact one’s health?” “Does qigong count as a form of exercise?” etc.