When we write, we do different things at different stages. For example, in a paragraph we might write the main idea, then move to the first supporting idea, then add details or reasons to support it, and then move to a second supporting idea. When we do this, we want the reader to understand what we are doing. We can help them by using transitions.
Transitions are a bit like the directions on the navigation system in a car. They tell you when a change in direction is coming. They are mostly used within paragraphs, but they can be used to signal relationships between paragraphs too.
Below is a typical paragraph you might write in English 1 with the transitions underlined.
My ideal community is a healthy place for residents and for the Earth. First of all, my ideal community is walkable. For example, I want to easily pick up groceries or drop off laundry on foot. Getting around without a car is important to me. This is because fewer cars means better air quality. Secondly, my ideal community is a zero-waste community. Zero-waste means nothing gets thrown away. To illustrate, restaurants and cafes do not throw away unsold food. Finally, my ideal community helps people keep fit. Specifically, there should be a lot of parks and gyms where people can got together and exercise. These places are good for physical and mental health. To conclude, a place that makes it easy for people and the planet to stay healthy is my idea of a perfect community.
Now, here is a list of the transitions and their jobs:
first of all, secondly, finally: These transitions indicate a new supporting idea is beginning.
for example, to illustrate, specifically: These transitions indicate that details are being supplied to support an idea.
to conclude: This transition indicates the concluding sentence is starting.
If you can use transitions like this in your writing, it might help the reader to see what you are doing. But remember that your reader is smart and may not need too much help. Also, remember that using a transition in every sentence makes the reader stop and might make your writing annoying to read.