Definition of Recount Text

Hyland (2003: 20) stated that recount text is a text that tells events or something that happened in the past.  The purpose of a recount text, according to Anderson and Kathy (2011:48), is “to list and describe the past experience by retelling events in the order in which they happened (chronological order)”.

In other words, recount text is a text that is written to make a report about an experience of a series of related events. These events are sequenced and completed with characters in a particular time and place set.

Thus, a recount text is a genre of writing that retells events or experiences that have occurred in the past. The primary purpose of a recount is to inform or entertain the audience by presenting a sequence of events in chronological order.

Purpose of Recount Text
To retell past experience

 
Generic Structure of Recount Text

Orientation

The opening section provides the background information, such as the setting and introduces the participants in the recounted event. It answers the questions of who, what, when, and where.

According to Derewianka (1990: 15), a recount text typically begins with a direction or orientation that provides the reader with the past knowledge required to comprehend the narrative (who was complicated, where it occurred, and when it occurred).  It gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text, such as who was involved, where it happened, and when it happened 

Events

It is the main body of the text where the writer narrates the series of events chronologically. The events are typically presented logically to maintain coherence and clarity. A series of events, ordered in a chronological sequence. 

Reorientation (optional)

Some recount texts may include a closing section summarizing or reflecting on the events. It is not always present in all recount texts but may be included to provide closure or offer insights gained from the experience.

It summarizes the story by summarizing the results or outcomes,  assessing the topic’s importance,  or providing individual commentary or ideas. It may project into destiny by predicting what will occur next.  A personal comment about the event or what happened in the end. 

Linguistics Features of Recount Text

• Past Tense: Recount texts are predominantly written in the past tense since they describe events already occurring.

• First-Person Pronouns: Recounts often use first-person pronouns (I, we) since the writer typically recounts their own experiences or observations.

• Time Connectives: Words and phrases that indicate the sequence of events are commonly used, such as “first,” “next,” “then,” “after,” and so on.

• Conjunctions: Connectives and conjunctions link ideas and events within the text. Examples include “and,” “but,” “so,” and so on.

Recount Text Biography 1 (Ica)
Sudirman was a high-ranking Indonesian military officer who played a crucial role during the Indonesian National Revolution. As the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indonesian Armed Forces, he became one of the most important military figures in the early years of Indonesia’s independence. Despite his young age, Sudirman demonstrated remarkable leadership, courage, and dedication to his country. To this day, he continues to be widely respected in Indonesia as a symbol of patriotism, sacrifice, and unwavering commitment to national sovereignty.

On 12 November 1945, an election was held in Yogyakarta to determine the military’s commander-in-chief. At just 24 years old, Sudirman emerged as a surprising but popular candidate. In a close vote, he was chosen over Oerip Soemohardjo, who was more experienced in formal military training. Although young and relatively new to high command, Sudirman had already proven himself through his discipline, religious devotion, and ability to inspire troops. His election reflected the trust and confidence that Indonesian soldiers placed in his leadership during a time of great uncertainty.

While waiting for official confirmation of his position, Sudirman took bold and decisive action. He ordered an assault on British and Dutch forces stationed in Ambarawa, Central Java. The fierce battle that followed became one of the most significant early confrontations of the revolution. Indonesian forces successfully pressured the British troops to withdraw, a victory that greatly strengthened morale among Indonesian fighters. This success not only enhanced Sudirman’s reputation as a capable commander but also increased popular support for his leadership. He was formally confirmed as Commander-in-Chief on 18 December 1945.

Throughout the revolution, Sudirman commanded military operations across Java. Even as his health began to decline due to tuberculosis, he continued to lead his troops with determination. One notable moment came on 1 March 1949, when Indonesian forces carried out a major show of strength in Yogyakarta, demonstrating that the republic still had military power despite Dutch attempts to reassert control. Sudirman often led guerrilla campaigns from the front lines, traveling through forests and rural areas while seriously ill. His persistence and willingness to endure hardship alongside his soldiers made him a deeply admired leader.

In July 1949, as Dutch forces began to withdraw and negotiations progressed, Sudirman was recalled to Yogyakarta and instructed not to continue fighting. By late 1949, his tuberculosis had worsened significantly, forcing him to retire to Magelang to focus on his health. Sadly, he passed away slightly more than a month after the Netherlands formally recognized Indonesia’s independence. Though his life was short, his impact on the nation was profound. Sudirman was laid to rest at Semaki Heroes’ Cemetery in Yogyakarta, where he remains honored as one of Indonesia’s greatest national heroes.

Recount Text Biography 2 (Eli)
Lionel Messi, whose full name is Luis Lionel Andrés Messi, was born on June 24, 1987, in Rosario, Argentina. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest football players of all time. Messi became famous for his incredible dribbling skills, precise passing, and extraordinary goal-scoring ability. Although he is not very tall compared to many other professional footballers, his low center of gravity has helped him maintain excellent balance and agility on the field. He has brown eyes and is also known for rarely keeping his hair very short, often wearing it in slightly longer styles throughout his career.

Messi began playing football at a very young age in his hometown club, Newell's Old Boys. Even as a child, his talent was obvious to coaches and teammates. However, at the age of 11, he was diagnosed with a growth hormone deficiency, a medical condition that required expensive treatment. Unfortunately, his family could not afford to pay for the necessary medical care in Argentina. As a result, they made the difficult decision to move to Spain after FC Barcelona offered to support his treatment and enroll him in their youth academy, La Masia.

After progressing through Barcelona’s youth ranks, Messi quickly impressed coaches with his technical ability and maturity on the pitch. During the 2003–2004 season, when he was only 16 years old, he made his first-team debut in a friendly match against FC Porto. The match was held to celebrate the opening of the Estádio do Dragão in Portugal. Although it was only a friendly game, this debut marked the beginning of what would become a legendary professional career.

In the following season, Messi made his first official appearance for Barcelona’s senior team. On October 16, 2004, he played in a league match against RCD Espanyol in the Barcelona derby at the Olympic Stadium. Barcelona won the match 1–0, and Messi officially began his journey in competitive football at the highest level. From that moment on, he continued to develop rapidly, becoming an essential player for the team and helping Barcelona win numerous domestic and international titles.

By 2010, 2011, and 2012, Messi had firmly established himself as the best player in the world. During these years, he won multiple Ballon d’Or awards, recognizing him as the top footballer globally. His performances were extraordinary, breaking goal-scoring records and leading Barcelona to historic successes. Messi’s dedication, humility, and natural talent have made him not only a football legend but also an inspiration to millions of fans around the world.

Recount Text Biography 3(Aniso)
Michael Faraday was one of the most important scientists of the nineteenth century, especially in the fields of electricity and magnetism. He carefully studied the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a direct current (DC) electric current. Through his experiments, he laid the foundation for the modern concept of the electromagnetic field, an idea that was later developed mathematically by James Clerk Maxwell. Faraday also discovered electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and formulated the basic laws of electrolysis. He demonstrated that magnetism could influence light, revealing a deep connection between different natural forces. His invention of early electromagnetic rotary devices became the basis for electric motors, and his work made electricity practical for technological use.

In addition to his achievements in physics, Faraday was also a talented chemist. Among his most notable discoveries was benzene, an important organic chemical compound. He also investigated the clathrate hydrate of chlorine and invented an early version of the Bunsen burner, a laboratory tool later improved by other scientists. Furthermore, he introduced and popularized important chemical terms such as anode, cathode, electrode, and ion, which are still widely used in modern science. His research significantly advanced both theoretical understanding and practical laboratory techniques.

Remarkably, Faraday accomplished all of this despite having very little formal education. He had only basic schooling and limited knowledge of advanced mathematics such as calculus. Nevertheless, through careful experimentation, observation, and creativity, he became one of the most influential scientists in history. Many historians consider him the greatest experimental scientist ever. In recognition of his contributions, the SI unit of capacitance is called the farad, and the Faraday constant represents the electric charge of one mole of electrons. Faraday’s law of induction, which states that a changing magnetic flux produces an electromotive force, remains a fundamental principle in physics.

Faraday spent much of his professional life at the Royal Institution in Great Britain. He was appointed as the first Fullerian Professor of Chemistry, a prestigious position that he held for life. At the Royal Institution, he delivered many public lectures that made science accessible and exciting to ordinary people. His Christmas Lectures, especially those designed for young audiences, became famous for their clarity and engaging demonstrations. Through these lectures, he inspired generations of scientists and strengthened public interest in scientific discovery.

Faraday’s influence extended far beyond his own lifetime. Even great scientists such as Albert Einstein deeply admired him; Einstein reportedly kept a photograph of Faraday on his wall alongside those of Isaac Newton and Maxwell. Faraday was also a deeply religious man and a devoted member of the Sandemanian Church, a Christian sect founded in 1730 that emphasized faith and commitment. His strong belief in the unity of God and nature shaped both his character and his scientific work. For Faraday, studying the laws of nature was not only a scientific pursuit but also a way to better understand the order and harmony of creation.

Recount Text Biography 4(Keren)
Pablo Picasso was one of the most outstanding and influential artists of the twentieth century. He is best known for his paintings, but his artistic talent extended far beyond that. Throughout his long career, he also created sculptures, ceramics, drawings, and prints. Almost every major style of modern art is represented in his work, as he constantly experimented with new ideas and techniques. His creativity, originality, and bold approach to form and color changed the direction of modern art and inspired countless artists around the world.

Picasso was born in 1881 in Málaga, Spain, the son of an art teacher. From a very young age, he showed extraordinary artistic talent. His father recognized his ability and began teaching him drawing and painting techniques. Later, Picasso continued his studies at art schools, including the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid. Even as a teenager, his technical skill was impressive, and he could paint realistic portraits and figures with great detail. These early experiences laid a strong foundation for his later artistic innovations.

Between about 1895 and 1901, Picasso painted realistic works in a traditional style. However, his art began to change as he experienced personal struggles and observed poverty and suffering around him. This led to what is known as his Blue Period. During this time, he mainly used shades of blue and blue-green in his paintings to express sadness, loneliness, and hardship. Many of these works were inspired by the poverty he saw in Barcelona and portrayed beggars, poor families, and marginalized people. The cool colors and emotional themes gave these paintings a powerful and melancholic atmosphere.

After 1908, Picasso moved in a completely new direction by developing the style known as Cubism, together with artist Georges Braque. In Cubism, objects were broken into geometric shapes and shown from multiple viewpoints at the same time. This revolutionary approach challenged traditional ideas of perspective and representation. Among his most well-known Cubist paintings are “Three Musicians” and “Man with a Guitar.” These works demonstrate his ability to transform ordinary subjects into complex and dynamic compositions, using bold shapes and contrasting colors.

Picasso continued to create art throughout his life, constantly evolving and experimenting with different techniques and themes. His influence on twentieth-century art is immeasurable, and many consider him one of the greatest artists in history. He died in 1973 in Mougins, France, leaving behind thousands of artworks. Picasso was truly a remarkable and groundbreaking artist whose legacy continues to shape the world of modern art today.

Recount Text Biography 5(Evri)
Neymar, whose full name is Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior, was born on February 5, 1992, in Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. He is widely known simply as Neymar and became one of the most famous footballers of his generation. Playing primarily as a forward or winger, he gained international recognition for his creativity, flair, and attacking skills. During his time in Europe, he played for FC Barcelona in La Liga, as well as representing the Brazilian national team in major international tournaments.

At the age of just 19, Neymar won the 2011 South American Footballer of the Year award, after finishing third the previous year. He repeated this achievement in 2012, confirming his status as one of the brightest young talents in world football. In 2012, he was nominated for the prestigious FIFA Ballon d’Or, where he finished in 10th place, and he also won the FIFA Puskás Award for the best goal of the year. Neymar is known for his acceleration, speed, dribbling ability, accurate finishing, and skill with both feet. His exciting playing style earned him praise from fans, media, and former players, with many comparing him to Brazilian legend Pelé, who described Neymar as “an excellent player.”

Neymar began his professional journey with Santos FC, joining the club’s youth academy in 2003. After progressing through the ranks and impressing coaches with his outstanding talent, he was promoted to the first team. He made his senior debut in 2009 and was quickly voted Best Young Player of the 2009 Campeonato Paulista. His confidence, technical ability, and goal-scoring instincts made him a key player for Santos at a very young age.

Success continued in 2010 when Neymar was voted best player as Santos won the Campeonato Paulista. He also finished as the top scorer in the 2010 Copa do Brasil with 11 goals. That season, he scored an impressive 42 goals in 60 matches, helping his club achieve a domestic Double. In 2011, he once again played a crucial role as Santos retained their state title and won the 2011 Copa Libertadores, scoring six goals in 13 appearances. This victory was especially significant, as it marked Santos’ first continental triumph since 1963.

Later in 2011, Neymar helped Santos reach the final of the FIFA Club World Cup, where they faced Barcelona. Although Santos were defeated 4–0, Neymar’s performances throughout the tournament earned him the Bronze Ball award. His early achievements with Santos established him as one of the most promising players in world football and paved the way for his successful move to European football. Through his talent and determination, Neymar became a global football star and one of Brazil’s most celebrated athletes.

Recount Text Biography 6 (Keyna)
Cristiano Ronaldo was born on February 5, 1985, in Funchal, on the island of Madeira, Portugal. Raised in a modest household, Ronaldo was the youngest of four children. His father worked as an equipment manager at a local boys’ club, and it was through this connection that Ronaldo was first introduced to the game of football. From a very early age, he showed an extraordinary passion for the sport. By the time he was 10 years old, he was already recognized locally as a remarkable talent—a boy who seemed to live and breathe football. According to his godfather, Fernao Sousa, Ronaldo loved the game so much that he would sometimes skip meals or sneak out of his bedroom window with a ball when he was supposed to be studying.

Ronaldo began his youth career with Andorinha before moving to Nacional da Madeira. His performances quickly attracted attention beyond his hometown. In 2001, he signed with Sporting CP (Sporting Portugal), one of the country’s top clubs, where he continued to develop his technical skills, speed, and confidence on the ball. At just 16 years old, he made his debut for Sporting’s first team, becoming one of the youngest players to represent the club at senior level.

In 2003, during a friendly match between Sporting CP and Manchester United, Ronaldo delivered a dazzling performance that caught the attention of United’s players and coaching staff. His quick footwork, creativity, and fearlessness impressed even his opponents. Several Manchester United players reportedly urged their manager to sign the young winger. Soon after, Manchester United paid £12 million to bring Ronaldo to England—a record transfer fee at the time for a player of his age.

Ronaldo quickly adapted to the English Premier League and developed into one of the world’s best players. In the 2004 FA Cup Final, he scored Manchester United’s first goal and helped the team secure the championship. Over the following seasons, he continued to improve, becoming known for his powerful shots, precise free kicks, and remarkable athleticism. In the 2007–2008 season, he reached new heights by setting a franchise record for goals scored in a single season. That same year, he helped Manchester United win the Premier League title and the UEFA Champions League, firmly establishing himself among football’s elite.

In 2009, Ronaldo made another historic move when Real Madrid paid a then-world record transfer fee of approximately $131 million for his services. At Real Madrid, he continued breaking records, scoring an extraordinary number of goals and winning multiple domestic and international titles. His rivalry with other top players during this era further elevated his global profile and cemented his status as one of the greatest footballers of all time.

Throughout his career, Ronaldo has been admired not only for his natural talent but also for his discipline, determination, and relentless work ethic. From a young boy in Madeira with big dreams to an international football superstar, his journey reflects dedication, sacrifice, and an unwavering love for the game.

Recount Text Biography 7 (Calista)
Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He came from a wealthy and well-educated family, which allowed him to focus on his studies without financial pressure. His father, Robert Darwin, was a successful doctor, and his family expected Charles to follow a respectable professional career. He first studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, but he found that he was not interested in becoming a doctor. Later, he attended the University of Cambridge, where he studied theology and graduated in 1831. Although he earned a degree in theology, his true passion was observing nature and collecting specimens.

Darwin’s scientific career began almost by accident. On December 27, 1831, at the age of 22, he joined the crew of the HMS Beagle as a naturalist. The voyage, which lasted nearly five years, traveled around the world, especially along the coasts of South America. During this expedition, the crew collected important hydrographic, geological, and meteorological data. Darwin carefully observed plants, animals, fossils, and rock formations in many different regions. His experiences, particularly in places like the Galápagos Islands, deeply influenced his thinking about how species change over time.

Throughout his journey and later research, Darwin was influenced by important scientists of his time. The geologist Adam Sedgwick taught him to observe geological formations carefully, while the botanist John Stevens Henslow encouraged his interest in natural history. These mentors helped shape Darwin’s scientific thinking and supported his early career. Their guidance played a significant role in the development of his ideas about how species adapt and evolve.

From his observations, Darwin developed the theory of natural selection, which became the foundation of the modern theory of evolution. His theory suggested that individuals within a species vary in their traits, and those with characteristics better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over many generations, these favorable traits become more common in the population. In this way, natural selection promotes adaptation and gradual change in species. This idea challenged traditional beliefs about the fixed nature of living organisms.

In 1859, Darwin published his groundbreaking book, On the Origin of Species, in which he explained his theory in detail. The book caused widespread debate and transformed the field of biology. Although controversial at first, his theory eventually gained strong scientific support and remains a central principle in modern science. Charles Darwin’s work changed humanity’s understanding of life on Earth, and he is remembered today as one of the most influential scientists in history.

Recount Text Biography 8 (Wira)
Victoria Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer, and businesswoman who rose to international fame in the 1990s. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England, and grew up in a supportive family that encouraged her interest in the performing arts. From a young age, she showed a passion for music, dance, and fashion, which later became central to her career. She attended performing arts school, where she trained in dance and modeling, preparing herself for a future in the entertainment industry.

Victoria Beckham first achieved worldwide recognition as a member of the iconic pop group Spice Girls, one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. The group was formed in 1994 and quickly became a global phenomenon. Known for promoting “girl power” and individuality, the Spice Girls released a series of chart-topping hits such as Wannabe and Say You’ll Be There. Victoria earned the nickname “Posh Spice” because of her sophisticated fashion style and poised public image. Her sleek outfits and composed personality made her stand out among the group’s five members. During the height of the Spice Girls’ success, she became one of the most recognizable celebrities in the world.

In 1999, Victoria married famous footballer David Beckham, who at the time played for Manchester United and the England national team. Their wedding attracted massive media attention, and they quickly became one of the most talked-about celebrity couples globally. Together, they have four children: three sons—Brooklyn, Romeo, and Cruz—and a daughter, Harper. Over the years, the Beckham family has frequently been featured in the media, admired for their strong family bond and influence in both sports and fashion.

After the Spice Girls disbanded, Victoria pursued a solo music career. She released several singles and worked to establish herself as an independent artist. Although her solo music career achieved moderate success compared to her time with the group, she soon discovered that her true passion lay in fashion and business. She launched her own fashion label, initially called dVb Style, marking her transition from pop star to fashion entrepreneur.

Victoria Beckham’s fashion career grew steadily, earning her respect within the fashion industry. She later introduced collections that included dresses, ready-to-wear clothing, sunglasses, handbags, jewelry, and fragrances. One of her well-known fragrance lines was titled Intimately Beckham, which she developed in collaboration with her husband. Her designs are often described as elegant, modern, and minimalist, reflecting her personal style. Over time, her brand evolved into a luxury fashion house showcased at major fashion weeks, including New York Fashion Week.

In addition to her work in music and fashion, Victoria has also established herself as an author. She has written two best-selling books: one autobiographical work that shares details about her life, career, and experiences in the spotlight, and another book focused on fashion advice, offering readers insight into her personal style and beauty tips.

Today, Victoria Beckham is widely regarded not only as a former pop star but also as a successful fashion designer and businesswoman. Her ability to reinvent herself—from global music icon to respected figure in the fashion industry—demonstrates her determination, creativity, and entrepreneurial spirit.

Recount Text Biography 9 (Novita)
Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor best known for creating dynamite. Over the course of his life, he held 355 patents, covering a wide range of inventions, although dynamite remains his most famous achievement. In addition to his scientific work, Nobel was also an industrialist and businessman. He owned the company Bofors, which he transformed from an iron and steel producer into a major manufacturer of cannons and other military equipment. Despite his success in industry, Nobel was a complex man who cared deeply about science, literature, and peace.

Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on 21 October 1833. He was the third son of Immanuel Nobel and Andriette Ahlsell Nobel. In 1842, his family moved to Saint Petersburg, Russia, where his father established a successful engineering business and invented modern plywood. Alfred received a high-quality education, studying chemistry and languages. He trained under Professor Nikolay Nikolaevich Zinin, an important Russian chemist. At the age of 18, Nobel traveled to the United States to continue his studies in chemistry. There, he worked briefly with the Swedish-American engineer John Ericsson, who designed the ironclad warship USS Monitor during the American Civil War.

After the bankruptcy of his family’s business, Nobel returned to Sweden with his father. He became deeply interested in the study of explosives, particularly nitroglycerin, a highly powerful but extremely dangerous liquid explosive discovered in 1847 by Ascanio Sobrero. Nobel focused on finding a safer way to manufacture and use nitroglycerin. However, tragedy struck on 2 September 1864 when a massive explosion destroyed his factory in Heleneborg, Stockholm. Five people were killed in the accident, including his younger brother Emil. This devastating event strengthened Nobel’s determination to develop safer explosive materials.

Through careful experimentation, Nobel eventually invented dynamite by combining nitroglycerin with an absorbent material, making it much safer to handle and transport. Dynamite revolutionized construction, mining, and infrastructure projects around the world, enabling the building of tunnels, railways, and canals. Although his inventions brought him great wealth, they were also used in warfare, which troubled him deeply. In his final years, Nobel became increasingly concerned about how he would be remembered by history.

In 1895, Nobel wrote his last will and testament, leaving most of his enormous fortune to establish the Nobel Prizes. These prizes were created to reward individuals who made outstanding contributions to humanity in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. Since 1901, the Nobel Prizes have honored remarkable men and women from around the world. The scientific element nobelium was later named in his honor, recognizing his lasting impact on science and society. Through the Nobel Prizes, Alfred Nobel’s legacy continues to promote innovation, knowledge, and peace worldwide

Recount Text Biography 10(Aurel)
Born into a respected family of medical practitioners in Kampung Ketapang, Kwitang Barat, Jakarta, Abdulrachman Saleh grew up in an environment that valued education, discipline, and service to society. Inspired by his family’s dedication to healthcare, he chose to follow in their footsteps and pursue a career in medicine. After completing his studies at MULO (Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs), a secondary school during the Dutch colonial period, he continued his education at STOVIA (School tot Opleiding van Inlandsche Artsen), the prestigious medical school in Batavia established to train indigenous doctors.

During his time at STOVIA, Abdulrachman Saleh demonstrated exceptional intelligence and dedication. His academic excellence earned him the position of assistant in the physiology laboratory even before he graduated. This early appointment reflected both his deep interest in the field and the trust his mentors placed in his abilities. After graduating from STOVIA, he continued working in the laboratory of physiology, contributing to research and education, while simultaneously opening and managing his own medical practice. Balancing laboratory work and clinical service, he became known as a committed physician who combined scientific knowledge with compassionate patient care.

Abdulrachman Saleh’s contributions to medicine were both broad and profound. He devoted himself to the advancement of physiology, playing a crucial role in developing medical education in Indonesia. Over the years, he served as a lecturer in several cities, including Jakarta, Surabaya, Malang, and Klaten, helping to train and inspire a new generation of Indonesian doctors. His dedication to teaching and research strengthened the foundation of medical science in the country during its formative years. In recognition of his outstanding service and lasting impact on the field of physiology, the University of Indonesia honored him in 1958 with the distinguished title Bapak Ilmu Faal (Father of Physiology), a testament to his pioneering role in the discipline.

Beyond his achievements in medicine, Abdulrachman Saleh was a man of diverse interests and talents. He actively participated in youth and community organizations such as the Boy Scouts and Indonesia Muda, reflecting his commitment to character building and national consciousness among young people. His curiosity and passion also extended to aviation, leading him to join the Aeroclub, where he explored the emerging world of flight.

In addition, he played a significant role in the development of broadcasting in Indonesia. He was among the co-founders of Verenigde Oosterse Radio Omroep (VORO), an organization of broadcasters that contributed to the growth of radio communication in the region. His involvement in radio became especially important during Indonesia’s struggle for independence. Abdulrachman Saleh was instrumental in establishing the “Voice of Free Indonesia,” a radio station that broadcast news of Indonesia’s proclamation of independence to the international community. Through these broadcasts, the message of a newly independent nation reached audiences around the world, strengthening Indonesia’s position on the global stage.

Through his lifelong dedication to medicine, education, youth development, aviation, and broadcasting, Abdulrachman Saleh left a remarkable legacy. He was not only a distinguished physician and scientist but also a patriot whose efforts contributed significantly to the intellectual and national development of Indonesia.

Recount Text Biography 11
I, Milton Friedman was born on July 31, 1921, in Brooklyn, N.Y., the fourth and last child and first son of Sarah Ethel (Landau) and Jeno Saul Friedman. My parents were born in Carpatho-Ruthenia of the Soviet Union. They emigrated to the U.S. in their teens, meeting in New York. When I was a year old, my parents moved to Rahway, N.J., a small town about 20 miles from New York City.
I was awarded a competitive scholarship to Rutgers University. I graduated from Rutgers in 1932. I financed the rest of my college expenses by the usual mixture of waiting at tables, clerking in a retail store, occasional entrepreneurial ventures, and summer earnings. Shortly, however, I became interested in economics.
In economics, I had the good fortune to be exposed to two remarkable men: Arthur F. Burns and Homer Jones. Arthur Burns shaped my understanding of economic research, introduced me to the highest scientific standards, and became a guiding influence on my subsequent career. Homer Jones introduced me to rigorous economic theory, made economics exciting and relevant, and encouraged me to go on to graduate work. On his recommendation, the Chicago Economics Department offered me a tuition scholarship. As it happened, I was also offered a scholarship by Brown University in Applied Mathematics, but, by that time, I had definitely transferred my primary allegiance to economics. In 1976 I won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for my achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy. In 1977, at age 65,1 retired from the University of Chicago after teaching there for 30 years.

Recount Text Biography 12(Ima)
Diana, Princess of Wales was born in 1961 as the third daughter of Edward John Spencer and his wife, Frances Ruth Burke Roche. She grew up in a privileged aristocratic family with a long history of close connections to the British royal family. Her childhood was spent at Park House, located on the royal Sandringham estate. In 1975, when her paternal grandfather passed away, her father became the 8th Earl Spencer. As a result, Diana received the title “Lady Diana Spencer,” marking her official status within the British nobility.

In 1969, when Diana was still a young girl, her parents divorced after a difficult marriage. Her mother’s relationship with another man influenced the court’s decision to grant custody of the four children to Diana’s father. The separation deeply affected Diana and left emotional scars that would stay with her for many years. Although both of her parents eventually remarried, the instability in her early family life shaped her sensitive and compassionate personality. Friends later noted that these experiences helped her develop strong empathy for others who were suffering.

Diana attended West Heath School in Kent and later spent a short period at a finishing school in Switzerland. While she did not stand out academically, she was known for her kindness, determination, and warm personality. After returning to London, she shared an apartment with friends and lived a relatively simple life for someone of noble background. She worked with young children at the Young England Kindergarten, showing a natural affection for childcare. In her free time, she enjoyed watching movies, dancing, and dining out, living much like many young women of her age.

Around this time, Charles III—then known as Prince Charles—was in his early thirties and facing growing pressure to marry. Diana’s youth, charm, and strong family background quickly captured his attention. The couple began dating in mid-1980, and their relationship developed rapidly. The public and the media closely followed their romance, fascinated by the shy young aristocrat who seemed to fit perfectly into royal life.

On February 24, 1981, Buckingham Palace officially announced their engagement. At the time, Lady Diana and Prince Charles appeared deeply in love, and the world watched with excitement. Their relationship was often described as a fairytale romance, capturing the imagination of millions of people across the globe. Diana’s natural grace and warmth quickly made her one of the most admired and beloved figures in modern royal history.

Recount Text Biography 13
Maria Yuryevna Sharapova is a Russian professional tennis player. She was born in 1987 in Ngayan, Siberia.
At the age of three, Sharapova moved with her family to Sochi. She began playing tennis at the age of four using a racket given to her by Yevgeng Kafelnikov’s father. At the age five or six, at a tennis clinic in Moscow, Sharapova was spotted by Martina Navratilova, who urged her parents to get her serious coaching in the USA.
At the age of seven, she and her father boarded a plane to the USA with only $700. Her father took her to the Nick Bollettieri Tennis Academy where one of the coaches check her out. The story goes that maria knocked his hat off with the tennis ball, thereby making a favorable impression. This led her obtaining a scholarship. At the age of nine, she was signed up by a number of sponsors including Prince (racquets), Oakley and Nike.
In 2004, Sharapova became the second youngest Wimbledon women’s champion in open era (after Martina Hingis) by defeating defending two-time champion Serena Williams in straight sets (6-1, 6-4). In the process she also became the first Russian ever to win that tournament.

Recount Text Biography 14
Kang Chol Hwan was born into a loyal family that had once lived in the large Korean community of Japan. In Kyoto, his grandfather had been supporter of Kim II Sung, North Korean’s Great Leader since 1945. In 1961 the grandfather returned with his family to North Korea and had important government post.
Within months, however, he was complaining to friends that North Korea was not the country he had expecteD. He was shocked to see so much poverty, which he eventually came to blame on the government’s stifl ing left for work and never returneD. One morning in July 1977, when Kang was nine, his grandfather left for work and never returned.
A few weeks later, seven plain clothes security guard stormed into Kang’s house “Your grandfather betrayed the fatherland,” one of them stated” You must be punished.”
Kang’s parents and grandmother sobbed as they forced to pack their belongings into two army trucks. The family was driven off, but Kang’s mother was left behind, “spared” because her own father was regarded as a revolutationary hero. That was the last Kang ever saw her.

Recount Text Biography 15
Keith Campbell, a prominent biologist who worked on cloning Dolly the sheep, died at 58, the University of Nottingham said Thursday. Campbell, who had worked on animal improvement and cloning since 1999, died October 5, 2012, University spokesman Tim Utton said. He did not specify the cause, only saying that Campbell had worked at the University until his death.
He began researching animal cloning at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh in 1991. In 1996 the experiments led to the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. The sheep was named after the voluptuous singer Dolly Parton. Researchers at the time said that the sheep was created from a mammary gland cell, and that Parton offered an excellent example.
The creation of the sheep captured the public imagination and instantly became a scientific sensation. The experiments drew not only admiration but also anger from some who raised questions about the ethics of cloning. Animal rights activists were outraged, while the church of England expressed reservations. Dolly was put down in 2003 after she developed a lung disease. Campbell’s interest in cellular growth dated back to his college days studying microbiology in London.

Recount Text Biography 16
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) — Astronomer and Scientist. Galileo developed a superior telescope and made many significant discoveries in astronomy. He was sentenced to life imprisonment by the inquisition for his support for the Copernican theory that the sun was at the centre of the solar system.
Galileo was born in Florence, Italy in 1564 to a poor but noble family His parents recognized their child’s innate intelligence and talents and so made sacrifices to have him educated. At his father’s insistence, Galileo studied the profitable career of medicine. But, at the University of Pisa, Galileo became fascinated in a wide range of subjects. He was also critical of many of Aristotle’s teaching which had dominated education for the past 2,000 years.
Galileo was appointed to be a mathematics professor at the University of Pisa, but his strident criticisms of Aristotle left him isolated among his contemporaries. After three years of persecution, he resigned and went to the University of Padua, where he taught maths. His entertaining lectures attracted a large following and he was able to spend the next 18 years pursuing his interests in astronomy and mechanics.

17 Sunday The Terrible (Pertiwi)

 Last week was a terrible day for me, and it is something I will never forget. It happened on a quiet Sunday afternoon when my cousin and I were playing football in front of our house. We just wanted to have fun and spend time together because the weather was nice and we were both feeling bored. At first, everything was going well, and we were laughing and enjoying the game without thinking about any danger around us.

However, the situation quickly changed. While trying to score a goal, I kicked the ball too hard. Instead of going where I expected, the ball flew straight toward our neighbor’s house and smashed into their window. We heard a loud crashing sound as the glass broke into pieces. We were shocked and froze for a moment, not knowing what to do. Just as we were about to run away, we suddenly heard a loud angry voice shouting from inside the house.

The owner of the house came rushing out through the gate, yelling at us angrily. We were extremely frightened because she looked very upset. Before we could apologize or explain ourselves, one of my cousins shouted that we should run. So we all started running as fast as we could. Suddenly, we heard barking behind us. The homeowner had let her dog out to chase us. We tried our best to escape, but the dog was much faster than we were.

Unfortunately, while running, I tripped and fell to the ground. Before I could stand up again, the dog caught up with me and bit my leg. The pain was terrible, and I started crying loudly. After a few moments, the dog ran back toward the house. My cousin quickly came back to help me and took me home. My parents were very worried and immediately brought me to the doctor for treatment.

At the hospital, the doctor examined my wound and told us that I might have been exposed to rabies, so I needed special treatment. I had to stay in the hospital for more than a week to make sure I was safe. It was a painful and frightening experience for me. That Sunday turned out to be one of the worst days of my life. I truly hope that nothing like this will ever happen to me again.

18
Example of Recount Text 

Reformation of Indonesia

For more than 30 years, Indonesia was governed by Suharto as the president after the

era of President Soekarno. As the people started to feel injustice, several cracks emerged that

shake politic condition. Political tensions in the capital city increased by the numerous riots

occurred in several cities and violent ethnic clashes.

The government became unstable and struggled as monetary crisis hit Asia in the second half

of 1997. Indonesia was one of the suffered most. Prices rose massively and many businesses

went bankrupts. As the economy fall down, people got angry and protests occurred

everywhere. The protests became bigger and riots started in many parts of Indonesia.

During the monetary crisis, Suharto could maintain his position as president when he

was re-elected on March 1998. However, Suharto did not do anything that could help the

economy. As the government seemed helpless in bringing the economy back, people

demanded President Suharto to step down.

Demonstrations were held everywhere and it became the peak with Trisakti incident

on 12 May 1998. Four students were shot out to death when demonstrating at Trisakti

University at Jakarta and 9 students were killed at Semanggi. The incident leaded huge riots

in Jakarta and various cities all over Indonesia.

Finally, Suharto was pushed to step down and reformation era begun in Indonesia.

19

BIOGRPAHY

Thomas Alva Edison as Inventor who was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio.

Thomas Edison was the youngest of seven children Samuel and Edison. His father was an

exiled political activist, while his mother was an accomplished school teacher and had a great

influence on Thomas’ early life. Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor, his

inventions include the telegraph, the phonograph, the first practical incandescent electric light

bulb, alkaline storage batteries and the Kinetograph (camera for film).

During his lifetime, Edison received many patents. His first patent was obtained from

the Electrographic Vote-Recorder on October 13, 1868, at the age of 21. His last patent was

for equipment used to hold objects during the electroplating process. While the artificer

wasn’t the inventor of the first light bulb, he did find the technology that helped bring it back

in time.

Edison was driven to perfect the commercially practical incandescent light bulb after

the British inventor invented the first early electric arc lamp in the early 1800s. Thomas

Edison later died of complications from his illness on October 18, 1931, at his home,

“Glenmont,” in West Orange, New Jersey

20

Title: A Joyful Holiday in Kendari

Orientation  

Last holiday, I decided to spend my holiday in Kendari, a picturesque city in Southeast Sulawesi. On a bright Sunday morning, I embarked on my journey at 8:00 AM and arrived at my aunt’s home around 11:00 AM. The warmth of the welcoming sun and the anticipation of meeting my relatives made the journey even more delightful. As I entered my aunt’s house, I was greeted by the familiar faces of my family members, including my cousin, whom I had not seen in quite some time.  

Events  

During my stay, I immersed myself in various activities that made my holiday truly memorable. One day, we visited another family home in Kendari, where I had the pleasure of reconnecting with relatives I had not seen in years. The air was filled with laughter and joy as we exchanged stories and shared moments of our lives. Another trip highlight was the movie night with my cousin and niece. We decided to watch a film at the local cinema. One evening, we gathered as a family to enjoy a traditional Sulawesi dish called ‘kapurung.’ The aroma of ‘Kapurung’ filled the air as we sat together, sharing not just a meal but also stories and laughter.  

Reorientation  

The laughter echoing through the family home, the heartwarming reunions with relatives, and the shared experiences over a bowl of ‘kapurung’ created a tapestry of memories I will cherish forever.

21
Holiday in Karimunjawa(Maria)

Last holiday, I spent an unforgettable vacation in Karimunjawa, Central Java, with my friends. We had been planning the trip for months because we wanted to escape from our busy routines and enjoy nature. Our journey began with a long 12-hour trip by bus followed by a ferry boat ride. Although the trip was tiring, we were very excited. We finally arrived at Karimunjawa Harbor at around 10.00 a.m. The fresh sea breeze and the beautiful view of the clear blue water immediately made us forget how exhausted we were.

After arriving at our accommodation, I decided to take a shower and rest for a while to recover my energy. The weather was quite hot, so the shower felt very refreshing. We relaxed in our rooms, chatted about our plans, and prepared ourselves for the activities ahead. In the afternoon, we met our local guide and joined an island-hopping tour to explore several small islands around Karimunjawa. The scenery was absolutely stunning. The white sandy beaches, crystal-clear water, and green hills created a breathtaking panorama. We took many photos, enjoyed the peaceful atmosphere, and felt truly connected to nature.

The next morning, we woke up early because we were excited to go snorkeling. After breakfast, we headed to the snorkeling spot by boat. The underwater view was amazing. I saw colorful coral reefs and many kinds of beautiful fish swimming around us. It was my first time snorkeling in such clear water, and I felt both nervous and thrilled. Besides snorkeling, we also explored more islands and walked along quiet beaches. At lunchtime, we enjoyed delicious seafood and other local dishes. Everything tasted fresh and flavorful, which made the experience even more enjoyable.

On the last day, I woke up feeling both happy and a little sad because our trip was coming to an end. Before leaving, I went shopping for souvenirs such as keychains, t-shirts, and local snacks to bring home for my family. After packing our bags, we headed to the harbor at 11.00 a.m. to catch the ferry. The journey back was long and tiring again, but we spent the time sharing stories and laughing about our favorite moments from the trip. Finally, we arrived in Bandung at 23.00.

Overall, I had a wonderful and unforgettable experience in Karimunjawa. The natural beauty, fun activities, delicious food, and precious time with my friends made it the best trip of my life. I hope that one day I can return there and create even more beautiful memories.

22
A Trip to the National Zoo and Aquarium.

Yesterday, my family and I went to the National Zoo and Aquarium to visit the new Snow Cubs and the other animals.

In the morning, when we got to the Zoo and Aquarium there was a great big line, so we had to wait awhile to get in.

After we entered the zoo, we went straight to the enclosure for the Snow Cubs. My brother and I were so excited to see them. They were so cute and playful.

At lunchtime Dad decided to cook a bbq. He cooked sausages so we could have sausage sandwiches. Mum forgot the tomato sauce so we had to eat them plain.

In the afternoon, we visited the aquarium. My brother was excited to see the sharks and the tropical fish. At the end of the day when we left we were going to go and get ice cream but we decided we were too tired so we drove straight home.

23
My Grandpa's Hometown

Two weeks ago, my family and I were in my grandpa's hometown. It is our annual agenda every holiday at the end of Semester. Unfortunately, it was the rainy season there.

It rained almost every day there. We didn't have enough time to visit some tourist places there because of the rain. We had not enough sunlight even to dry up our laundry. As a result, we just stayed at home almost all day long.

Seeing the condition, we decided to make an interesting activity indoors to spend the holiday together. The activity we chose that day was making funny videos directed by me. Finishing the videos, we edited them and uploaded them to youtube.

By doing this, we could kill our boredom of staying at home because of the rain and make a creative activity instead.
24

Cooking Fried Rice

One months ago, a friend of mine gave me a box of fried rice that she made by herself.

I was so amazed by how tasty her fried rice was. Itu encouraged me to learn how ti make delicious fried rice. So, one week later I made one.

After school, I purposefully did not take a nap. Instead, I went to the kitchen and prepared all the ingredients needed.

However, at that time I did not know how to make it or where to start.

So, I tried to find a recipe on Youtube. The, I found a video of a simple fried rice recipe that had been watched by over 1 million viewers.

After watching the video once, I followed it according to the steps shown in the video. It took me approximately 10 minutes of preparation and 30 minutes cooking.

When I finished cooking, I served the fried rice on a large plate. Afterwards, I served it for the family.

My mother and father said that my fried rice was tasty. But, my brother said that it was too spicy for him.

Turns out, cooking was an exciting activity. After receiving compliments from my mother and father, I wanted make delicious food more and more.

25

Fell from the Ladder

Last week, the rain was falling so heavily. I found that there were some leaks on the roof. To fix it, I needed a ladder so that I could climb up to the roof. It was Sunday at 2 in the afternoon, I brought the ladder and set it up to the roof. Water from the leaks made the foothold wet. At that time, I was too confident and not careful. I thought I was strong enough to avoid slipping.

When the ladder became wetter, I already felt the slippery surface. However, I did not pay attention and kept climbing. A disaster came when my brother forgot to hold the ladder. As soon as he turned away, I suddenly lost my balance. Only seconds afterward, I slipped from the ladder and fell to the floor. It happened so fast that I needed several minutes to realize what was really going on.

Then, my two elder brothers checked me out and asked if I was okay. After that, they carried me to a more comfortable place. Later on, they gave me first aid. Finally, I was brought to the nearest doctor so that I got proper medical attention. It was my fault that I was not careful with the hazardous situation.

26
Going to Semarang(Novi)

Last week, my friend Wulan invited me to visit her house in Semarang. She told me that if I came, she would take me to visit some interesting tourist resorts around the city. I was very excited because I had never explored Semarang before, and I was looking forward to spending time with her. After planning the trip carefully, I finally decided to go and experience the adventure.

First, I traveled to Semarang by bus early in the morning. The journey took several hours, but I enjoyed looking at the scenery along the way. At around nine o’clock in the morning, I arrived at the bus station in Semarang. Wulan warmly welcomed me, and we went straight to her house. After taking a short rest and having some snacks, we decided to start our trip. We rode a motorbike to Bandungan, a beautiful area near the mountains. On the way, we saw stunning views of hills, green trees, and cool misty air that reminded us of Lembang in Bandung.

Second, we continued our adventure by visiting Mount Ungaran. There, we had the chance to ride horses, which was both exciting and a little scary for me because it was my first time riding one. After that, we walked closer to the mountain to enjoy the fresh air and peaceful atmosphere. The natural scenery was absolutely beautiful, with wide green landscapes and clear blue skies. We took many pictures together to capture those unforgettable moments.

Third, we went to the zoo in Mangkang. It was a very enjoyable experience because we saw many amazing animals from different parts of the world. There were monkeys, birds, tigers, and many others. The most impressive sight for us was an elephant taking a shower. It sprayed water over its body with its trunk, and we found it both funny and fascinating to watch. We spent quite a long time there, walking around and observing the animals.

Finally, in the afternoon, we returned to Wulan’s house feeling tired but happy. After resting for a while, I said goodbye to Wulan and left for my hometown. The trip gave me so many wonderful memories that I will always remember. It was truly one of the most fun and exciting trips I have ever had, and I hope I can visit Semarang again someday.

27
A Day Visit to Yogyakarta 

Last week, I went to Yogyakarta with my family. My father drove the car. My mother sat beside him. My sister and I sat in the back seats.

We woke up early in the morning. My father prepared the car in the garage while mother was preparing food for breakfast and some snacks for us. My sister and I packed some clothes. After everything got ready and we had our breakfast, we left the house at six o'clock.

It was about nine A.M. We arrived at Yogyakarta. First of all we visited our uncle. We stayed there for an hour. Then we went to Parangtritis beach. We got there at eleven o'clock. There were a lot of tourists because it was holiday. I saw many foreign visitors too. My parents watched us playing with sand in the beach. We did not swim and take a bath since the wave was rough. After having lunch, we went on our picnic to the museum and Malioboro shopping centre.

We drove back to Semarang at 7 o'clock and arrived home at ten. We were tired but happy.

28
The Spanish Armada 

In May 1588 Spain was the most powerful country in the world: King Philip Il of Spain was determined to conquer England and became its King. He ordered, a large number of ships to be prepared to set sail and invade England.

At first Queen Elizabeth I ignored the rumors of a Spanish /invasion, but soon she came to realize the great danger the country was in. And she made sure that England would be prepared for a battle. Eventually the Spanish were ready and over 100 ships set sail towards the English Channel.

As soon as the Spanish ships were seen from the English coast, fires were lit on the hills as a signal that the invasion was coming.When the Spanish ships got close enough the English navy closed in and a great sea battle began.

Once the battle began it was obvious to the Spanish that they would be defeated. Not only did the English sailors have stronger and more powerful ships, they also made terrifying use of fire ships. Boats were deliberately set ablaze and then sent amongst the Spanish fleet.

At last the battle was over. A few Spanish ships escaped and eventually reached home, and many were sunk and to this day some of either wrecks still lie on the seabed in the English Channel.

29
Earthquake 

The day when I went home from office was a terrible day. I was driving along the coast road when the car suddenly lurched to one side.

At first I thought a tire had gone but then I saw telegraph poles collapsing like matchsticks which flashed and burnt.

The rocks that tumbled across the road almost hit my car and I tried to abandon it. When I got back to town where many people crowded on the road, I saw some houses collapsed, the bridge had a crack, and the people said that the earthquake happened a few minutes ago.

Fortunately, the earthquake did not collapse my home. I thanked God happily because my wife and children were safe.

30
Remote Control Racing Cars

On the weekend of the 3rd of March, I went to the Ryde BMX track with Robert and Chris Macdonald.

When we got there it was very crowded in the car park and we wondered where everyone was because there weren't many people on the BMX track.

So we parked the car and then we saw a lot of people surrounding a little track with speeding cars going around it. There were also about five people controlling the cars from a high platform. The cars were about 30 cm(s) long and 15 cm(s) wide with big tread on the tires and a flap on the front so that they wouldn't tip over.

Then trophies were rewarded to the winners. When we were just going, a boy was controlling a car around the track and it was going very fast. Someone else had a three wheeler motorbike, but it didn't go as fast. Then we had to go, so we picked up the car and then we left.

31
Furious Pace in Hockey Finals 

After a period of midfield play Warilla's right inner Mandy Smith broke away but again met solid Gerringong defence.

The highlight of the day was the Division One grand final between Gerringong and minor premiers Warilla which was a hard, fast game, with the speed of the young Gerringong team proving the difference.

Spectators were treated to a feast of fast hockey on the weekend when the South Coast Women's Hockey Association staged four grand finals at Kiama.

Warilla stormed the Gerringong circle from the start of the game but the Gerringong defence held out and then took the attack to Warrita's 25 yard line through speedy centre forward Jenny Miller.

Gerringong continued to move the ball quickly and just five minutes before halftime, Gerringong's left wing Michelle Cooper finally latched on the ball and put it between the posts after having narrowly missed the posts after having narrowly missed connecting with a shot several minutes.

32
The X File 

'The X File' is one of television's most popular shows, watched each week by millions of people in over sixty countries.

The show was created by Chris Carter, a former magazine editor, who always wanted to make a cool and scary television series. His idea for 'The X Files' came after he saw the results of a survey that said three out of every hundred Americans believed that aliens had captured them.

Carter's next step was to produce a pilot episode, which was to be the beginning of the series. When it was shown on American television it received poor reviews.

After a while the audience grew and The X Files' became popular with both adults and teenagers. By this time Carter was able to spend more on production.

'The X Files' has been nominated for many awards and continues to attract a growing audience.

33
My Unfortunates 

Last weekend was my luckiest day ever. Many good things were coming toward me.

When the morning broke in Sunday morning, I woke up and planned to jog around the neighborhood. So I changed my clothes and went to the bathroom to wash my sleepy face. As I stepped in the bathroom, I landed my foot on soap in the floor and feel down. A perfect morning is for me.

Next, I began my jogging and saw my gorgeous neighbor, jogging to. I thought it was a good fortune to omit the gap between us. So I jogged to him and say hello. But, it's how poor of me, it was not him. It just someone I never met before who looked like to him. I was going home with people laugh at me along side of the street.

When I got home, the breakfast already settled and I immediately spooned a big portion of rice and ate. After I have done my breakfast my mother came up and said that the meal had not ready yet and she said that I may have a stomachache if I ate it. It was proven.I had a stomachache for the next three days.

I past my weekend lie down on me bed and be served as a queen. That was not really bad, wasn't it.

34
My Holiday was Fantastic 

Last summer I got a fantastic holiday. I visited some great places. I went to an airport and was going to fly to Cleveland. I was spending there two days. I liked to see some Cleveland Cavaliers basketball matches. Then I went to Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in Los Angeles, California, United States. It had become world-famous as the center of the film industry. Four major film companies - Paramount, Warner Bros., RKO and Columbia - had studios in Hollywood. I did not want to leave but I had to. After that, I went to New York city. I visited the Statue of Liberty. I went from the bottom of Manhattan to the top of the crown. That was very amazing. The places made me feel at home but I have to go home. Next time I would return to them.

35
Short Biography of Albert Einstein 

Albert Einstein was born near the end of the 1800s in Ulf, Germany. He graduated from the University of Zurich in Switzerland at age 26. That was also when he did his famous work in physics. Fourteen years later he won the Nobel Prize for Physics. For the next ten years he lived in Germany and traveled a lot to talk to other scientists. Then in the early 1930s he had to leave Germany because of Hitler and the Nazi party. He moved to the United States. From that time until his death he lived in Princeton, New Jersey. He died at the age of 74.

36
My Holiday in Bali 

When I was in the second grade of senior high school, my friends and I had a wonderful opportunity to visit Bali. It was one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life. We spent three days there, and during that short trip, I had so many impressive and exciting moments that I will always remember.

On the first day, we visited Sanur Beach early in the morning. We woke up before sunrise and went straight to the beach to watch the sun rise. The sky slowly changed its color from dark blue to orange and pink. The beautiful sunrise created a breathtaking view, and we took many photos together to capture the moment. The atmosphere was calm and peaceful, and we felt very happy to start our trip in such a beautiful place. After that, we went to the hotel to check in and rest for a while. Once we had prepared ourselves and changed our clothes, we continued our journey to Tanah Lot. The temple stands on a large rock in the sea, and the view was truly amazing. We met many tourists there, not only domestic visitors from other cities in Indonesia but also foreign tourists from various countries. It was interesting to see people from different cultures enjoying the same beautiful place.

On the second day, we spent our time at Tanjung Benoa, which is famous for its exciting water sports. We tried many fun activities such as riding a banana boat, jet skiing, and taking a speedboat around the beach. Although I felt a little nervous at first, I was very excited and enjoyed every moment. The sea breeze and the splashing water made the experience even more thrilling. After that, we visited Pulau Penyu, also known as Turtle Island. There, we saw many unique animals such as turtles, snakes, and sea birds. We even had a chance to hold a small turtle and take pictures with it. It was a rare and memorable experience. In the afternoon, we went to Kuta Beach to watch the sunset. The sunset at Kuta Beach was absolutely stunning. The golden light reflected on the waves, creating a romantic and magical atmosphere. We sat on the sand, talked, laughed, and enjoyed the beautiful scenery together.

On the last day, we visited Sangeh Monkey Forest. The forest was green, cool, and very shady. There were so many monkeys living freely there. Most of them were tame, but sometimes they could be naughty and try to grab visitors’ belongings. We were careful but also excited because we could interact closely with the monkeys. It was both fun and a little surprising. After exploring the forest, we went to Sukawati Art Market for shopping. The market sold many traditional Balinese items such as clothes, handicrafts, paintings, and souvenirs. I bought some Bali T-shirts and small souvenirs for my family at home. I felt very happy because I could bring home something special from the trip.

In the evening, it was time for us to check out from the hotel. Although we felt tired after three days of activities, we were also very satisfied and grateful for the experience. Then, we returned home, bringing so many amazing memories of Bali. This trip was truly one of the best moments of my high school life, and I hope I can visit Bali again someday.

37
Holiday in Valley Rainbow Waterfall 

Last holiday, my beloved wife and I visited Lembah Pelangi Waterfall in Ngarip District, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. It was the first time for me to visit such a wonderful waterfall.

To reach the waterfall location, we should go on foot after having around three hours trip riding a motorcycle from Bandar Lampung, the capital city of Lampung.

When we arrived there, I was amazed by the beautiful scenery of the waterfall. The air was so fresh at that time and I could not bear to jump into the water immediately.

It is quite windy there and all I could see only green, green, and green. Hearing the sound of falling water while we were swimming made me feel peaceful and relaxing.

Finally, the day was getting dark and it was time for us to go home. It was such an unforgettable experience for me. I really enjoyed it.


38
A trip to Mount Fuji 

July 2021, I went to West Tokyo by plane. It was my first journey to Japan. I took a trip to Mount Fuji. I stayed at Sakura’s house. She is my friend in Japan. We were a classmate at Senior High School. Sakura’s house has a big garden with lots of green flowers and beautiful sand. It was so perfect element of a traditional wooden house.

On Sunday morning, I started a journey to the Mountain. At Shizuoka Prefecture, I met Yamato. He was my guiding to Mount Fuji. We took sushi for breakfast. Oh my God, It was delicious. At 9:00 am. local time, we prepared and checked our stuff to continue this journey. I couldn’t say anything when I looked at the beautiful scenery from the foot of the mountain. Yamato looked and smiled at me. He said in Japan language “Kore Wa subarashdesu.” It means that it was amazing. Then, I replayed “Hai,-sdesu.” It means that yes, it was.

We reached the top of the mountain after a long and tiring trip. I screamed to blow up my emotion and said thanks to God for this beautiful life. We enjoyed the view from the peak and waiting for the next day. The day that I couldn’t forget. It was called “Hatsu Hinode” It means that it was my first time to see the sun rises in Mount Fuji.

Finally, I, Yamato and the other traveler went home by the blessing of Mount Fuji. That was a very pleasant moment that I ever got.

Dialogue

The first day after the holiday, Ilmi, Tissa and Nina talked in front of the classroom. They talked very enthusiasm.

Ilmi             : Hello Friends. How are you today?

Tissa        : I’m fine.

Nina            : Me too. How about you Ilmi? Are you fine?

Ilmi             : Of course. I’m fine. Thank you.

Tissa        : By the way, was your holiday great? Tell us about your holiday?

Ilmi             : Ok guys. I went to Bali island last holiday. Bali was the most popular destination to visited, I think.

Tissa        : Did you go alone?

Ilmi             : Oh no. There were so many places to see in Bali, so my family decided to join the tours to see as much as possible.

Nina        : What did you do there?

Ilmi             : My cousins stayed in Kuta, so we spent the first two days to swimming and surfing on Kuta beach.

Nina        : And then what?

Ilmi             : I just stayed in my cousins home for three days after that. It was so boring to me. Where did you go on this holiday guys? 

Tissa        : Owh. Same with you. Nina and me went to Bali island on this holiday. We visited some tour agents and selected two tours.

Nina        : All right. The first one was to Singaraja, and the second was to Ubud. On the day of the tour, we were ready.

Ilmi             : What did you do there guys?

Tissa        : My family and Nina’s family drove on through mountains in Singaraja. Singaraja was a city of about 90 thousands people in the Bali island.

Ilmi             : Yes, I know that. It was a busy but quiet town. The street was lined with trees and there were many old Dutch houses. That’s right guys?

Nina            : Of course. Then, we returned very late in the evening to some hotel near the Kuta beach. 

Ilmi             : Hmm, nice. Now, please tell me about your experience in Ubud?

Tissa        : Ok. The second tour to Ubud was a very different tour. It was not to see the scenery but to see the art and the craft of the island.

Nina        : All right. The first stop was at Batubulan, a center of stone sculpture.

Ilmi             : Yes, I know that. Two years ago, my family watched young boys were carving away at big blocks of stone in Batubulan. And then?

Tissa        : Of course. The next stop was to Celuk, a cente for silversmiths and goldensmiths. After that he stopped a little while for lunch at some restaurant in there.

Nina        : And the last day, we were spent on the beach. We went sailing or surfboarding along day. We were quiet satisfied.

Ilmi             : Wow, your holiday sounded great. But.. (Kring..) Wow, the bell has sounded. It’s time to learn in the classroom. That’s right? See you guys?

Tissa        : Of course. See you..

Nina        : See you..

Text  1 General Sudirman
Sudirman was a high-ranking Indonesian military officer who played a crucial role during the Indonesian National Revolution. As the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indonesian Armed Forces, he became one of the most important military figures in the early years of Indonesia’s independence. Despite his young age, Sudirman demonstrated remarkable leadership, courage, and dedication to his country. To this day, he continues to be widely respected in Indonesia as a symbol of patriotism, sacrifice, and unwavering commitment to national sovereignty.

On 12 November 1945, an election was held in Yogyakarta to determine the military’s commander-in-chief. At just 24 years old, Sudirman emerged as a surprising but popular candidate. In a close vote, he was chosen over Oerip Soemohardjo, who was more experienced in formal military training. Although young and relatively new to high command, Sudirman had already proven himself through his discipline, religious devotion, and ability to inspire troops. His election reflected the trust and confidence that Indonesian soldiers placed in his leadership during a time of great uncertainty.

While waiting for official confirmation of his position, Sudirman took bold and decisive action. He ordered an assault on British and Dutch forces stationed in Ambarawa, Central Java. The fierce battle that followed became one of the most significant early confrontations of the revolution. Indonesian forces successfully pressured the British troops to withdraw, a victory that greatly strengthened morale among Indonesian fighters. This success not only enhanced Sudirman’s reputation as a capable commander but also increased popular support for his leadership. He was formally confirmed as Commander-in-Chief on 18 December 1945.

Throughout the revolution, Sudirman commanded military operations across Java. Even as his health began to decline due to tuberculosis, he continued to lead his troops with determination. One notable moment came on 1 March 1949, when Indonesian forces carried out a major show of strength in Yogyakarta, demonstrating that the republic still had military power despite Dutch attempts to reassert control. Sudirman often led guerrilla campaigns from the front lines, traveling through forests and rural areas while seriously ill. His persistence and willingness to endure hardship alongside his soldiers made him a deeply admired leader.

In July 1949, as Dutch forces began to withdraw and negotiations progressed, Sudirman was recalled to Yogyakarta and instructed not to continue fighting. By late 1949, his tuberculosis had worsened significantly, forcing him to retire to Magelang to focus on his health. Sadly, he passed away slightly more than a month after the Netherlands formally recognized Indonesia’s independence. Though his life was short, his impact on the nation was profound. Sudirman was laid to rest at Semaki Heroes’ Cemetery in Yogyakarta, where he remains honored as one of Indonesia’s greatest national heroes.

1. Who was Sudirman and why is he important in Indonesian history?

Sudirman was a high-ranking Indonesian military officer who played a crucial role during the Indonesian National Revolution. As the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indonesian Armed Forces, he became one of the most significant military figures in the early years of Indonesia’s independence. He is remembered for his leadership, courage, and dedication to national sovereignty.

2. What position did Sudirman hold in the Indonesian military?

Sudirman served as the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indonesian Armed Forces. In this role, he led military operations during the struggle for independence and helped organize resistance against foreign forces attempting to control Indonesia.

3. How did Sudirman become Commander-in-Chief?

On 12 November 1945, an election was held in Yogyakarta to choose the military’s commander-in-chief. Although only 24 years old, Sudirman won the election in a close vote against Oerip Soemohardjo, who had more formal military training. His victory showed the trust and confidence soldiers had in his leadership abilities.

4. Why was Sudirman’s election considered surprising?

Sudirman’s election was surprising because he was only 24 years old and had less formal military experience compared to his opponent. Despite this, he was chosen due to his discipline, strong character, religious devotion, and ability to inspire troops during a time of national crisis.

5. What qualities made Sudirman a respected leader?

Sudirman was respected for his remarkable leadership, courage, discipline, and unwavering dedication to his country. He was also known for his religious devotion and his ability to motivate soldiers. His willingness to endure hardship alongside his troops further strengthened his reputation.

6. What action did Sudirman take in Ambarawa?

While waiting for official confirmation as Commander-in-Chief, Sudirman ordered an assault on British and Dutch forces in Ambarawa, Central Java. The battle was intense, but Indonesian forces successfully pressured the British troops to withdraw, marking an important early victory in the revolution.

7. Why was the Battle of Ambarawa significant?

The Battle of Ambarawa was significant because it boosted the morale of Indonesian fighters and strengthened support for Sudirman’s leadership. The victory demonstrated that Indonesian forces were capable of resisting foreign troops, reinforcing national confidence during the revolution.

8. When was Sudirman officially confirmed as Commander-in-Chief?

Sudirman was formally confirmed as Commander-in-Chief on 18 December 1945, following his successful leadership in military operations, particularly the victory in Ambarawa.

9. How did Sudirman lead during the Indonesian National Revolution?

During the revolution, Sudirman commanded military operations across Java. He led both conventional battles and guerrilla campaigns, often positioning himself on the front lines. His leadership was marked by determination and strategic thinking despite challenging conditions.

10. How did Sudirman’s health affect his leadership?

Sudirman suffered from tuberculosis during the revolution. Despite his declining health, he continued to lead his troops with determination. Even when seriously ill, he traveled through forests and rural areas to direct guerrilla campaigns, showing extraordinary commitment.

11. What happened on 1 March 1949 in Yogyakarta?

On 1 March 1949, Indonesian forces carried out a major show of military strength in Yogyakarta. This operation demonstrated that the Republic of Indonesia still possessed military power despite Dutch efforts to regain control. It was an important symbolic and strategic event during the revolution.

12. What role did guerrilla warfare play under Sudirman’s command?

Guerrilla warfare was a key strategy under Sudirman’s leadership. He led troops through forests and rural areas, launching attacks against enemy forces. This strategy allowed Indonesian fighters to continue resisting even when facing stronger and better-equipped opponents.

13. Why was Sudirman admired by his soldiers?

Sudirman was admired because he shared the hardships of his soldiers. Even while suffering from tuberculosis, he remained on the front lines. His persistence, courage, and willingness to sacrifice for the nation inspired deep respect and loyalty among his troops.

14. What happened to Sudirman in July 1949?

In July 1949, as Dutch forces began withdrawing and negotiations progressed, Sudirman was recalled to Yogyakarta and instructed to stop fighting. His health had significantly worsened, and he was no longer able to continue leading military campaigns.

15. Why did Sudirman retire to Magelang?

Sudirman retired to Magelang because his tuberculosis had become severe. He needed medical attention and rest. Unfortunately, his health continued to decline despite these efforts.

16. When did Sudirman pass away?

Sudirman passed away slightly more than a month after the Netherlands formally recognized Indonesia’s independence in late 1949. Although independence had finally been achieved, he did not live long enough to enjoy the full peace of the new nation.

17. Where was Sudirman buried?

Sudirman was laid to rest at Semaki Heroes’ Cemetery in Yogyakarta. His burial site has become a place of honor, reflecting his importance as one of Indonesia’s greatest national heroes.

18. What impact did Sudirman have on Indonesia’s independence?

Sudirman played a vital role in defending Indonesia’s independence during its early years. His leadership in battles, guerrilla campaigns, and strategic operations helped maintain the Republic’s existence during critical periods of foreign aggression.

19. Why is Sudirman considered a symbol of patriotism and sacrifice?

Sudirman is considered a symbol of patriotism and sacrifice because he dedicated his life to defending Indonesia’s sovereignty. Even while seriously ill, he continued to lead his troops. His unwavering commitment to the nation exemplifies true patriotism.

20. What lessons can be learned from Sudirman’s life?

Sudirman’s life teaches the importance of courage, leadership, perseverance, and dedication to one’s country. His determination despite illness and hardship shows that strong character and commitment can inspire a nation and leave a lasting legacy.

Text 2  Went to Bali  
When I was in the second grade of senior high school, my friends and I had a wonderful opportunity to visit Bali. It was one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life. We spent three days there, and during that short trip, I had so many impressive and exciting moments that I will always remember.

On the first day, we visited Sanur Beach early in the morning. We woke up before sunrise and went straight to the beach to watch the sun rise. The sky slowly changed its color from dark blue to orange and pink. The beautiful sunrise created a breathtaking view, and we took many photos together to capture the moment. The atmosphere was calm and peaceful, and we felt very happy to start our trip in such a beautiful place. After that, we went to the hotel to check in and rest for a while. Once we had prepared ourselves and changed our clothes, we continued our journey to Tanah Lot. The temple stands on a large rock in the sea, and the view was truly amazing. We met many tourists there, not only domestic visitors from other cities in Indonesia but also foreign tourists from various countries. It was interesting to see people from different cultures enjoying the same beautiful place.

On the second day, we spent our time at Tanjung Benoa, which is famous for its exciting water sports. We tried many fun activities such as riding a banana boat, jet skiing, and taking a speedboat around the beach. Although I felt a little nervous at first, I was very excited and enjoyed every moment. The sea breeze and the splashing water made the experience even more thrilling. After that, we visited Pulau Penyu, also known as Turtle Island. There, we saw many unique animals such as turtles, snakes, and sea birds. We even had a chance to hold a small turtle and take pictures with it. It was a rare and memorable experience. In the afternoon, we went to Kuta Beach to watch the sunset. The sunset at Kuta Beach was absolutely stunning. The golden light reflected on the waves, creating a romantic and magical atmosphere. We sat on the sand, talked, laughed, and enjoyed the beautiful scenery together.

On the last day, we visited Sangeh Monkey Forest. The forest was green, cool, and very shady. There were so many monkeys living freely there. Most of them were tame, but sometimes they could be naughty and try to grab visitors’ belongings. We were careful but also excited because we could interact closely with the monkeys. It was both fun and a little surprising. After exploring the forest, we went to Sukawati Art Market for shopping. The market sold many traditional Balinese items such as clothes, handicrafts, paintings, and souvenirs. I bought some Bali T-shirts and small souvenirs for my family at home. I felt very happy because I could bring home something special from the trip.

In the evening, it was time for us to check out from the hotel. Although we felt tired after three days of activities, we were also very satisfied and grateful for the experience. Then, we returned home, bringing so many amazing memories of Bali. This trip was truly one of the best moments of my high school life, and I hope I can visit Bali again someday.

1. When did the writer visit Bali?

The writer visited Bali when he or she was in the second grade of senior high school. The trip was taken with friends and became one of the most unforgettable experiences in the writer’s life.

2. How long did the trip to Bali last?

The trip to Bali lasted for three days. Although it was a short visit, the writer experienced many impressive and exciting moments during that time.

3. What did the writer do on the first morning in Bali?

On the first morning, the writer and friends visited Sanur Beach to watch the sunrise. They woke up before sunrise and enjoyed the beautiful view as the sky changed colors from dark blue to orange and pink.

4. Why was the sunrise at Sanur Beach memorable?

The sunrise was memorable because it created a breathtaking and peaceful atmosphere. The changing colors of the sky and the calm environment made the moment very special, and the writer took many photos to capture it.

5. What did the writer do after visiting Sanur Beach?

After visiting Sanur Beach, the writer and friends went to the hotel to check in and rest. Later, they prepared themselves and continued their journey to another tourist destination.

6. What is special about Tanah Lot?

Tanah Lot is special because the temple stands on a large rock in the sea. The view of the temple surrounded by water is truly amazing and attracts many tourists from different countries.

7. Who did the writer meet at Tanah Lot?

At Tanah Lot, the writer met many tourists, including domestic visitors from other cities in Indonesia and foreign tourists from various countries. It was interesting to see people from different cultures enjoying the same place.

8. Where did the writer go on the second day?

On the second day, the writer visited Tanjung Benoa, a place famous for its exciting water sports activities.

9. What activities did the writer try at Tanjung Benoa?

At Tanjung Benoa, the writer tried riding a banana boat, jet skiing, and taking a speedboat around the beach. Although feeling nervous at first, the writer enjoyed the thrilling experience.

10. Why was the water sports experience exciting?

The water sports experience was exciting because of the sea breeze, splashing water, and fast movement of the boats. These elements made the activities thrilling and unforgettable.

11. What is Pulau Penyu known for?

Pulau Penyu, also known as Turtle Island, is known for its unique animals such as turtles, snakes, and sea birds. Visitors can interact closely with the animals there.

12. What memorable experience did the writer have at Pulau Penyu?

At Pulau Penyu, the writer had the rare opportunity to hold a small turtle and take pictures with it. This experience was both unique and unforgettable.

13. What did the writer do at Kuta Beach?

In the afternoon of the second day, the writer visited Kuta Beach to watch the sunset. The writer and friends sat on the sand, talked, laughed, and enjoyed the beautiful scenery together.

14. Why was the sunset at Kuta Beach special?

The sunset was special because the golden light reflected beautifully on the waves, creating a romantic and magical atmosphere. It was a peaceful and joyful moment shared with friends.

15. Where did the writer go on the last day?

On the last day, the writer visited Sangeh Monkey Forest, a green and shady forest where many monkeys live freely.

16. What was the experience like at Sangeh Monkey Forest?

The experience at Sangeh Monkey Forest was fun and a little surprising. The monkeys were mostly tame but sometimes naughty. The writer felt excited to interact closely with them while being careful.

17. What did the writer buy at Sukawati Art Market?

At Sukawati Art Market, the writer bought Bali T-shirts and small souvenirs for family members. The market offered many traditional Balinese items such as clothes, handicrafts, and paintings.

18. How did the writer feel at the end of the trip?

At the end of the trip, the writer felt tired but very satisfied and grateful. The three-day journey created many wonderful memories that would never be forgotten.

19. Why was the trip considered unforgettable?

The trip was considered unforgettable because it was filled with beautiful scenery, exciting activities, cultural experiences, and joyful moments with friends. Each day brought new and memorable experiences.

20. What lesson can be learned from the writer’s experience in Bali?

The lesson that can be learned is the importance of appreciating special moments with friends and exploring new places. Traveling not only provides enjoyment but also creates lasting memories and strengthens friendships.

Text 3 Pablo Picaso 

Pablo Picasso was one of the most outstanding and influential artists of the twentieth century. He is best known for his paintings, but his artistic talent extended far beyond that. Throughout his long career, he also created sculptures, ceramics, drawings, and prints. Almost every major style of modern art is represented in his work, as he constantly experimented with new ideas and techniques. His creativity, originality, and bold approach to form and color changed the direction of modern art and inspired countless artists around the world.

Picasso was born in 1881 in Málaga, Spain, the son of an art teacher. From a very young age, he showed extraordinary artistic talent. His father recognized his ability and began teaching him drawing and painting techniques. Later, Picasso continued his studies at art schools, including the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid. Even as a teenager, his technical skill was impressive, and he could paint realistic portraits and figures with great detail. These early experiences laid a strong foundation for his later artistic innovations.

Between about 1895 and 1901, Picasso painted realistic works in a traditional style. However, his art began to change as he experienced personal struggles and observed poverty and suffering around him. This led to what is known as his Blue Period. During this time, he mainly used shades of blue and blue-green in his paintings to express sadness, loneliness, and hardship. Many of these works were inspired by the poverty he saw in Barcelona and portrayed beggars, poor families, and marginalized people. The cool colors and emotional themes gave these paintings a powerful and melancholic atmosphere.

After 1908, Picasso moved in a completely new direction by developing the style known as Cubism, together with artist Georges Braque. In Cubism, objects were broken into geometric shapes and shown from multiple viewpoints at the same time. This revolutionary approach challenged traditional ideas of perspective and representation. Among his most well-known Cubist paintings are “Three Musicians” and “Man with a Guitar.” These works demonstrate his ability to transform ordinary subjects into complex and dynamic compositions, using bold shapes and contrasting colors.

Picasso continued to create art throughout his life, constantly evolving and experimenting with different techniques and themes. His influence on twentieth-century art is immeasurable, and many consider him one of the greatest artists in history. He died in 1973 in Mougins, France, leaving behind thousands of artworks. Picasso was truly a remarkable and groundbreaking artist whose legacy continues to shape the world of modern art today.

1. Who was Pablo Picasso?

Pablo Picasso was one of the most outstanding and influential artists of the twentieth century. He is best known for his paintings, but he also created sculptures, ceramics, drawings, and prints. His creativity and innovation greatly influenced the development of modern art.

2. Why is Picasso considered an influential artist?

Picasso is considered influential because he constantly experimented with new artistic styles and techniques. His bold use of form and color changed the direction of modern art and inspired many other artists around the world.

3. Where and when was Picasso born?

Picasso was born in 1881 in Málaga, Spain. He grew up in an artistic environment, as his father was an art teacher who supported and trained him from a young age.

4. How did Picasso’s father influence his artistic development?

Picasso’s father, who was an art teacher, recognized his son’s extraordinary talent early on. He taught Picasso drawing and painting techniques, helping him build strong technical skills that became the foundation for his later artistic innovations.

5. Where did Picasso study art formally?

Picasso continued his studies at several art schools, including the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in Madrid. His formal education strengthened his technical ability and understanding of traditional art.

6. What characterized Picasso’s early works?

Between 1895 and 1901, Picasso painted realistic works in a traditional style. His early paintings demonstrated impressive technical skill, including detailed portraits and lifelike figures.

7. What was Picasso’s Blue Period?

The Blue Period was a phase in Picasso’s career when he mainly used shades of blue and blue-green in his paintings. This period reflected themes of sadness, loneliness, and hardship, inspired by personal struggles and poverty he observed around him.

8. What themes were common during the Blue Period?

During the Blue Period, Picasso often painted beggars, poor families, and marginalized individuals. His works expressed emotional depth and compassion, highlighting human suffering and social inequality.

9. How did color contribute to the mood of the Blue Period paintings?

The use of cool blue and blue-green tones created a melancholic and somber atmosphere. These colors reinforced the emotional themes of sadness and loneliness in his paintings.

10. What major artistic movement did Picasso help develop after 1908?

After 1908, Picasso helped develop Cubism together with Georges Braque. This movement introduced a revolutionary way of representing objects.

11. What is Cubism?

Cubism is an artistic style in which objects are broken into geometric shapes and shown from multiple viewpoints at the same time. This style challenged traditional perspectives and changed how artists represented reality.

12. How did Cubism change traditional art?

Cubism rejected the traditional single-point perspective used in earlier art. Instead, it presented subjects from multiple angles simultaneously, creating complex and abstract compositions.

13. What are two famous Cubist works by Picasso?

Two well-known Cubist paintings by Picasso are Three Musicians and Man with a Guitar. These works demonstrate bold geometric shapes and dynamic compositions.

14. How did Picasso’s style evolve throughout his life?

Throughout his life, Picasso continuously experimented with different techniques and themes. He did not limit himself to one style but evolved artistically, exploring realism, emotional expression, and abstraction.

15. Besides painting, what other art forms did Picasso create?

In addition to painting, Picasso created sculptures, ceramics, drawings, and prints. His versatility showed his wide-ranging talent and creativity.

16. Why is Picasso’s influence considered immeasurable?

Picasso’s influence is considered immeasurable because he reshaped modern art and inspired countless artists. His innovative ideas and willingness to break artistic rules opened new possibilities for creative expression.

17. When and where did Picasso die?

Picasso died in 1973 in Mougins, France. By the time of his death, he had produced thousands of artworks that left a lasting impact on the art world.

18. How did Picasso’s early training contribute to his later innovations?

His strong foundation in traditional techniques allowed him to experiment confidently with new styles. Because he mastered realism first, he could later break artistic conventions in creative and meaningful ways.

19. What personal experiences influenced Picasso’s artistic changes?

Personal struggles and exposure to poverty influenced Picasso’s transition into the Blue Period. These experiences shaped the emotional depth and themes of suffering seen in his paintings.

20. Why is Picasso regarded as one of the greatest artists in history?

Picasso is regarded as one of the greatest artists in history because of his originality, creativity, and lasting influence on modern art. His groundbreaking work in Cubism and other styles transformed artistic expression and continues to inspire artists today.

Recount Text Biography 1
General Sudirman was a high ranking Indonesian military officer during the Indonesian national revolution. He was the first commander-in-chief of the Indonesian Armed Forces, he continues to be widely respected in the country. On 12 November 1945, at an election to decide the military’s commander-in-chief in Yogyakarta. The 24 years old Sudirman was chosen over Oerip Soemohardjo in a close vote. While waiting to be confirmed, Sudirman ordered an assault on British and Dutch forces in Ambarawa. The ensuing battle and British withdrawal strengthened Sudirman’s popular support, and he was ultimately confirmed on 18 December. General Sudirman commanded military activities throughout Java, including a show of force in Yogyakarta on 1 March 1949. When the Dutch began withdrawing, in July 1949 Sudirman was recalled to Yogyakarta and forbidden to fight further. In late 1949 Sudirman’s tuberculosis returned, and he retired to Magelang, where he died slightly more than a month after the Dutch recognised Indonesia’s independence. He is buried at Semaki Heroes’ Cemetery in Yogyakarta.

1. What is the monologue about?
A. A biography of General Soedirman
B. The family of General Soedirman
C. The death of General Soedirman
D. A spirit of General Soedirman for the Indonesian Armed Forces
E. The military forces commanded by General Soedirman

2. What can we infer from the monolugue?
A. His uncle’s name was also Soedirman
B. January is the month of Maulud
C. Soedirman was shot and died in the military war
D. Soedirman died when he was relatively young
E. Soedirman died on 1 March 1949

Recount Text Biography 2
Luis Lionel Andres Messi, born June 24th, 1987, is an Argentinian football player for F.C BarcelonA. He is not very tall, mainly, due to the growing problem he had when he was younger. His eyes are brown. He never has short hair.
Lionel Messi started playing football at a very early age in his hometown’s Newell’s Old Boys. From the age of 11, he suffered from a hormone deficiency and as Lionel’s parents were unable to pay for the treatment in Argentina, they decided to move to Barcelona, Spain.
In the 2003-2004 season, when he was still only 16 years old, Messi made his first team debut in a friendly with Porto that marked the opening of the new Dragao stadium. The following championship-winning season, Messi made his first appearance in an official match on October 16th, 2004, in Barcelona’s derby win against Espanyol at the Olympic Stadium 0-1.. And now, in 2010, 2011, and 2012 he is best player in the world.

3. According to the text, Messi’s parents moved to Barcelona ….
A. because they were very poor in Argentina
B. because they wanted Messi to be successful in soccer
C. so that Messi could learn in the best soccer club
D. to get Messi’s health problem cured
E. to find the best treatment to cure Messi’s health problem

4. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. he hasn’t really attractive face, but he’s a very good football player
B. Lionel Messi is a good player for F.C Barcelona
C. his best characteristics are on the foot has competitiveness
D. he appears to be a quite good and modest person
E. he has long black hair and brown eyes

Recount Text Biography 3
Faraday studied the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a DC electric current. While conducting these studies, Faraday established the basis for the electromagnetic field concept in physics, subsequently enlarged upon by James Maxwell. He similarly discovered electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and laws of electrolysis. He established that magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an underlying relationship between the two phenomena. His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity became viable for use in technology.
As a chemist, Michael Faraday discovered benzene, investigated the clathrate hydrate of chlorine, invented an early form of the Bunsen burner and the system of oxidation numbers, and popularized terminology such as anode, cathode, electrode, and ion.
Although Faraday received little formal education and knew little of higher mathematics, such as calculus, he was one of the most influential scientists in history. Historians of science refer to him as the best experimentalist in the history of science. The SI unit of capacitance, the farad, is named after him, as is the Faraday constant, the charge on a mole of electrons (about 96,485 coulombs). Faraday’s law of induction states that magnetic flux changing in time creates a proportional electromotive force.
Faraday was the first and foremost Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, a position to which he was appointed for life.
Albert Einstein kept a photograph of Faraday on his study wall alongside pictures of Isaac Newton and James Clerk Maxwell.
Faraday was highly religious. He was a member of the Sandemanian Church, a Christian sect founded in 1730 that demanded total faith and commitment. Biographers have noted that a strong sense of the unity of God and nature pervaded Faraday’s life and work.

5. What was Michael Faraday expert?
A. science, history and religion
B. chemistry, electricity and calculus
C. electronic, technology and religion
D. chemistry, physic and mathematics
E. physic, technology and photography

6. Which of the following statements closely relates to Michael Faraday?
A. Michael Faraday dedicated his life in science and religion.
B. Michael Faraday was downhearted his life in science.
C. Michael Faraday concentrated his life in technology.
D. Michael Faraday was one of successful scientists.
E. Michael Faraday poured his science in technology.

7. Based on the first paragraph, we conclude that ….
A. Faraday and James found the similar electromagnetic
B. Faraday found the electromagnetic induction
C. James discovered a DC electric current
D. James invented the motor technology
E. Faraday found the motor technology

Recount Text Biography 5
Picasso was one of the most outstanding and important artists of the 1900’s. He is best known for his paintings. Almost every style in modern art is represented in Picasso’s works.
Picasso was born in 1881 in Malaga, Spain as the son of an art teacher. He studied painting from his father and his college level course of study at the academy of arts in Madrid.
From about 1895 to 1901, he painted realistic works in a traditional stylE. He, then, entered what was called the Blue PerioD. During this time, he only used shades of blue in his paintings to show the poverty he saw in Barcelona.
After 1908, he entered into the style of cubism. Among his well-known cubist paintings are “Three Musicians” and “Man with a Guitar”.
Picasso died in Moughins, France in 1973. He was really great artist.

8. Why did Picasso become so popular? because ….
A. he was the most outstanding artist of the 1990’s.
B. he was known for his great paintings
C. he painted in traditional style.
D. he was son of an art teacher.
E. he studied in art school.

9. According to text, Picasso ….
A. died in Spain 1973.
B. was born in Malaga, Italy.
C. was famous for his painting style.
D. had a father who worked as an art teacher.
E. finished his study at the academy of Arts in Madrid.

10. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Picasso’s father was not good at art.
B. Picasso passed away at the age of 92.
C. Picasso was unpopular artist of 1990’s.
D. Blue Period shows the prosperity in Barcelona.
E. For 8 years, Picasso painted realistic works in a traditional style.

Recount Text Biography 6
Neymar da Silva Santos Junior was born February 5th 1992, commonly known as Neymar, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for La Liga club FC Barcelona and the Brazilian national team, as forward or winger.
At the age of 19, Neymar Jr won the 2011 South American Footballer of the Year award, after coming third in 2010. He followed this up by winning it again in 2012. In 2012 Neymar received nominations for the FIFA Ballon d’or, where he came 10th, and the FIFA Puskas Award, which he won. He is known for his acceleration, speed, dribbling, finishing and ability with both feet. His playing style has earned him critical acclaim, with fans, media and former players drawing comparison to former Brazil player Pele, who has called Neymar “an excellent player”.
Neymar joined Santos 2003 and after through the ranks, he was promoted to their first team squaD. He made his debut for Santos in 2009 and was voted the Best Young Player of the 2009 Campeonato Paulista. Further honours followed, with Neymar being voted best player as Santos won the 2010 Campeonato Paulista, and also being top score in the 2010 Copa de Brasil with 11 goals. He finished the 2010 season with 42 goals in 60 games as his club achieved the Double. Neymar was again voted best player of the year in 2011 as his retained the state title and Santos also winning the 2011 Copa Libertadores in which Neymar scored 6 goals in 13 appearances. He also playeda key role in securing a continental Double for his team, Santos’ first since 1963. He received the Bronze Ball in the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup, with Santos making it to the final, where they were defeated 4-0 by Barcelona.

11. What happened to Neymar in 2011?
A. He made his first debut
B. He moved to FC Barcelona
C. He received the FIFA Puskas Award
D. He scored 6 goals in 13 appearances
E. He helped Brazil to win their 11th title

12. The main idea of paragraph 3 is…
A. Neymar played for Santos
B. Neymar joined Santos
C. Neymar played the best
D. Neymar received awards
E. Neymar scored many goals

13. “…who has called Neymar an excellent player” (paragraph 2). The word ‘excellent’ is closest in meaning to …
A. Confident
B. Fantastic
C. Magnificent
D. Skillful
E. Generous
14. Where did he come from?
A. Indonesia
B. Japan
C. France
D. Brazil
E. Mongolia

Recount Text Biography 7
Cristiano Ronaldo was born on February 5, 1985, in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. Manchester United paid £12 million to sign him in 2003 – a record fee for a player of his age. In the 2004 FA Cup Final, he scored Manchester’s first three goals and helped them capture the championship. In 2008, he set a franchise record for goals scored. In 2009, Real Madrid paid a record $131 million for his service.
It was through his dad’s work as an equipment manager at a boy’s club that Ronaldo was first introduced to the game of soccer. By the time he was 10 years old, he was already recognized as a phenomenon – a kid who ate, slept and drank the gamE. “All he wanted to do as a boy was playing football,” his godfather, Fernao Sousa, recalled for British reporters, adding, “He loved the game so much that he’d miss meals or escape out his bedroom window with a ball when he was supposed to be doing his homework.”
By his early teens, Ronaldo’s talent and legend had grown considerably. After a stint with Nacional da liha da Madeira, he signed with Sporting Portugal in 2001. That same year, at the tender age of 16, Ronaldo turned heads with a impressing performance against Manchester United, wowing even his opponents with his footwork and deft skill. He made such an impression that a number of United players asked their manager to try and sign the young player. It wasn’t long before the club paid Ronaldo’s team more than £12 million for his services – a record fee for a player of his age.

15. What was Ronaldo action for MU in year 2004?
A. Signed new contract
B. Scored goals to Real Madrid
C. Won FA Cup Championship
D. Got payment of $131 million for his service
E. Paid $12 million

16. We can learn from paragraph 2 that…
A. Ronaldo was a talented football player
B. Ronaldo was a very energetic football player
C. Ronaldo gained his success by his early teens
D. Ronaldo was a legendary young football player
E. Ronaldo became the youngest player in Manchester

17. “After a stint with Nacional da liha da Madeira, he signed with Sporting Portugal in 2001.” (Paragraph 3. The word “signed with” can be replaced by…
A. Participated
B. Went
C. Followed
D. Joined
E. Wrote

Recount Text Biography 8
Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He came from a wealthy family and never had to work. He studied medicine and theology. In 1831 he graduated from University of Cambridge with a degree of theology.
He began a career as a scientist quite by chance. On December 27,1831, 22 years old Charles Darwin joined the crew of the HMS Beagle as a naturalist. The five years expedition collected hydrographic, geologic, and meteorology data from South America and many other regions around the world. Darwin’s own observation on this voyage led to his theory of natural selection.
Charles Darwin was greatly influenced by the geologist Adam Sedgwick and naturalist John Henslow in his development of the theory of natural selection, which was to become the foundation concept supporting the theory of evolution. Darwin’s theory holds that environmental effects lead to varying degrees of reproductive success in individuals and groups of organisms. Natural selection tends to promote adaptation in organisms when necessary for survival. This revolutionary theory was published in 1859 in Darwin’s now famous On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.

18. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution believed that ….
A. people could defend themselves naturally
B. environment affected natural election
C. organism needed adaptation to survive
D. people and nature supported to each other
E. natural selection tend to adapt organism to survive

19. How was Darwin’s theory of natural selection developed?
A. Adapted by the necessary for survival
B. Influenced by his collection.
C. Supported the effect of environment.
D. Influenced by John Henslow.
E. Affected by groups of organisms.

20. The famous Darwin theory was published based on ….
A. theories developed by other scientists
B. the influence of organisms adaptation in survival living
C. the success of his observation supported by geologist and naturalist
D. his expedition and natural observation data a scientist
E. the observation of other geologists’ natural selection

Recount Text Biography 9
Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and business woman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, EnglanD. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girl”and was known as Posh SpicE. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.
After The Spice Girl split up, she pursued a solo singer career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb StylE. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled “Intimately Beckham”and a range of handbags and jewelry.
In addition she had written two best-selling books: one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

21. What did Victoria do before being a solo singer?
A. Married to David Beckham
B. Worked as fashion designer
C. Joined The Spice Girl
D. Created fashion style
E. Wrote many books

22. We found in the text that ….
A. Victoria named her fragrance by dVb style
B. Beckham is Victoria’s autobiography
C. Beckham is Victoria’s brand for her fragrance
D. Posh Spice is the title of her new album
E. Spice Girls is Victoria’s label for her wardrobe

23. Based on the text, what do we know about Victoria?
A. She is an ordinary woman
B. She is a multi-talented woman
C. She designed The Spice Girls
D. She married to an ordinary person
E. She arranged many songs for The Spice Girls

Recount Text Biography 10
Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, and ornament manufacturer. He was the inventor of dynamite. He also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannons and other ornaments. He held 355 different patents, dynamite being the most famous. In his last will, he used his enormous fortune to institute the Nobel Prizes. The synthetic element nobelium was named after him. He was the third son of Immanuel Nobel and Andriette Ahlsell Nobel. Born in Stockholm on 21 October 1833, he went with my family to Saint Petersburg in 1842, where his father invented modern plywood. He studied chemistry with Professor Nikolay Nickolaevich Zinin. When he was 18, he went to the United States to study chemistry for four years and worked for a short period under John Ericsson, who designed the American Civil War ironclad USS Monitor.
Returning to Sweden, with his father after bankruptcy of his family business, he then devoted himself to the study of explosives, and especially to the save manufacture and use of nitroglycerine (discovered in 1847 by Acanio Sobrero, one of his fellow students under Theophile-Jules Pelouze at the University of Turin). A big explosion occurred on 2 September 1864 at his factory in Heleneborg in Stockholm, killing five peoplE. Among them was his younger brother, Emil.
The foundations of the Nobel Prize were laid in 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his last will, leaving much of his wealth for its establishment. Since 1901, the prize has honoured men and women for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and for work in peace.

24. Where did Alfred Nobel work with John Ericsson?
A. In Sweden
B. In the USA
C. In Stockholm
D. In Heleneborg
E. In Saint Petersburg

25. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. Alfred Nobel devoted himself to the study of chemistry
B. His success with explosive finally led to the 1864 tragedy
C. A big explosion in Heleneborg in Stockholm killed many people
D. A big explosion destroyed his factory in Heleneborg Stockholm
E. Alfred Nobel planned the safe manufacture and use of nitroglycerine

26. What was Bofor’s main business under Alfred Nobel?
A. It manufactured cannons and other ornaments
B. It designed the ironclad monitor
C. It produced iron and steel
D. It produced dynamite
E. It invented nobelium

Recount Text Biography 11
Born into a family of doctors in Kampung Ketapang, Kwitang Barat, Jakarta, Abdulrachman Saleh also became a doctor. After finishing MULO, he studied at STOVIA. While still a student, he was appointed assistant at the laboratory of physiology. Graduating from STOVIA, Abdulrachman Saleh continued his work at the lab while having his own medical practice.
Abdulrachman Saleh’s role in medicine was significant. He became a lecturer in Jakarta, Surabaya, Malang, and Klaten. For his meritorious service in medicine, specifically in physiology, in 1958, the University of Indonesia bestowed him the title of Bapak Ilmu Faal (Father of Physiology).
Abdulrachman Saleh was a man of many interests. He was involved in youth organizations like Boy Scouts and Indonesia MudA. He was also a member of Aeroclub, and co-founded theVerenigde Oosterse Radio Omroep (VORO), an organization of broadcasters. It was he who established the Voice of Free Indonesia, the radio station which spread the proclamation of Indonesia’s independence to the world.

27. Abdulrachman Saleh was bestowed the title Father of Physiology because ….
A. he was a lecturer in the Medical faculty of the University of Indonesia
B. he was a lecturer as well as a doctor
C. he had significant contribution in physiology
D. he was a lecturer in many parts of Indonesia
E. he was a professor in physiology

28. The main idea of the first paragraph is that Abdulrachman Saleh …
A. had his own medical practice,
B. studied at the medical school in STOVIA.
C. became a doctor because of his family.
D. was appointed assistant at the laboratory of physiology.
E. started his career as a doctor in STOVIA.

29. Besides medicine, Abdulrachman also had a special interest in ….
A. laboratorium assistance
B. student organizations
C. aeroplane designing
D. broadcasting
E. politics

Recount Text Biography 12
I, Milton Friedman was born on July 31, 1921, in Brooklyn, N.Y., the fourth and last child and first son of Sarah Ethel (Landau) and Jeno Saul Friedman. My parents were born in Carpatho-Ruthenia of the Soviet Union. They emigrated to the U.S. in their teens, meeting in New York. When I was a year old, my parents moved to Rahway, N.J., a small town about 20 miles from New York City.
I was awarded a competitive scholarship to Rutgers University. I graduated from Rutgers in 1932. I financed the rest of my college expenses by the usual mixture of waiting at tables, clerking in a retail store, occasional entrepreneurial ventures, and summer earnings. Shortly, however, I became interested in economics.
In economics, I had the good fortune to be exposed to two remarkable men: Arthur F. Burns and Homer Jones. Arthur Burns shaped my understanding of economic research, introduced me to the highest scientific standards, and became a guiding influence on my subsequent career. Homer Jones introduced me to rigorous economic theory, made economics exciting and relevant, and encouraged me to go on to graduate work. On his recommendation, the Chicago Economics Department offered me a tuition scholarship. As it happened, I was also offered a scholarship by Brown University in Applied Mathematics, but, by that time, I had definitely transferred my primary allegiance to economics. In 1976 I won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for my achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy. In 1977, at age 65,1 retired from the University of Chicago after teaching there for 30 years.

30. Who influenced Milton Friedman on economic research?
A. Sarah Ethel.
B. Jeno Friedman.
C. Arthur F. Burns
D. Homer Jones.
E. Alfred Nobel.

31. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. Milton Friedman was very committed in his interest and talent in economics
B. Homer Jones shaped Milton Friedman understanding of economic research.
C. Arthur Burns introduced Milton Friedman to rigorous economic theory.
D. Brown University offered Milton Friedman a tuition scholarship.
E. Milton Friedman was offered a scholarship by the Chicago Economics Department in Applied Mathematics.

32. What did Milton Friedman do in financing his college expenses?
A. He was a teacher during summer.
B. He had a job in entrepreneur company.
C. He worked as a clerk in a retail store
D. He sold tables to people.
E. He taught economics in the university.

Recount Text Biography 13
Diana was born in 1961 as the third daughter of Edward John Spencer and his wife Ruth Burke RochE. Diana grew up in a very privileged family that had a long history of close ties with the royal family. When Diana’s paternal grandfather passed away in 1975, Diana’s father became the 8th Earl of Spencer and Diana gained the title of “Lady”.
In 1969, Diana’s parents divorceD. Her mother’s affair helped court decide to give custody of the couple’s four children to Diana’s father. Both of her parents eventually remarried, but the divorce left an emotional scar on Diana.
Diana attended school at West Heath in Kent and spent a short time a finishing school in SwitzerlanD. Although she was not an excellent student academically, her determined personality, caring nature, and cheerful outlook helped her through it. After returning from Switzerland, Diana rented an apartment with two friends, worked with children at the Young England Kindergarten, and watched movies and visited restaurants in her free time.
It was about this time that Prince Charles, in his early 30, was under increasing pressure to choose a wifE. Diana’s vibrancy, cheerfulness, and good family background caught the attention of Prince Charles and the two began dating during in mid-1980. It was a whirlwind romance for on February 24, 1981, Buckingham Palace officially announce the couple’s engagement. At the time, Lady Diana and Prince Charles seemed truly in love and whole world was awed by what seemed like a fairytale romance.

33. How did Diana spend her free time when she was still a bachelorette?
A. She watched movies
B. She finished her school
C. She worked in restaurant
D. She returned to Switzerland
E. She visited her friends near the restaurant

34. The custody of the couple’s four children was given to Diana’s father because…….
A. her outlook was cheerful
B. her mother had an affair
C. she determined her personality
D. she had her very privileged family
E. her paternal grandfather was dead

35. How was Diana’ academic achievement?
A. Super
B. Average
C. First rate
D. Admirable
E. Exceptional

Recount Text Biography 14
Maria Yuryevna Sharapova is a Russian professional tennis player. She was born in 1987 in Ngayan, Siberia.
At the age of three, Sharapova moved with her family to Sochi. She began playing tennis at the age of four using a racket given to her by Yevgeng Kafelnikov’s father. At the age five or six, at a tennis clinic in Moscow, Sharapova was spotted by Martina Navratilova, who urged her parents to get her serious coaching in the USA.
At the age of seven, she and her father boarded a plane to the USA with only $700. Her father took her to the Nick Bollettieri Tennis Academy where one of the coaches check her out. The story goes that maria knocked his hat off with the tennis ball, thereby making a favorable impression. This led her obtaining a scholarship. At the age of nine, she was signed up by a number of sponsors including Prince (racquets), Oakley and Nike.
In 2004, Sharapova became the second youngest Wimbledon women’s champion in open era (after Martina Hingis) by defeating defending two-time champion Serena Williams in straight sets (6-1, 6-4). In the process she also became the first Russian ever to win that tournament.

36. What is the text about?
A. The family of maria Sharapova
B. Professional tennis players in the world
C. The happiness of having a great father
D. The working experience of maria Sharapova
E. She and her father boarded a plane to the USA

37. In what age was miss Sharpova being a model of some products?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Five
D. Nine
E. Ten

38. “… was spotted by Martina Navratilova …” (Paragraph 2). The synonym of word “spotted” is…
A. seen
B. searched
C. placed
D. introduced
E. given  

Recount Text Biography 15
Kang Chol Hwan was born into a loyal family that had once lived in the large Korean community of Japan. In Kyoto, his grandfather had been supporter of Kim II Sung, North Korean’s Great Leader since 1945. In 1961 the grandfather returned with his family to North Korea and had important government post.
Within months, however, he was complaining to friends that North Korea was not the country he had expecteD. He was shocked to see so much poverty, which he eventually came to blame on the government’s stifl ing left for work and never returneD. One morning in July 1977, when Kang was nine, his grandfather left for work and never returned.
A few weeks later, seven plain clothes security guard stormed into Kang’s house “Your grandfather betrayed the fatherland,” one of them stated” You must be punished.”
Kang’s parents and grandmother sobbed as they forced to pack their belongings into two army trucks. The family was driven off, but Kang’s mother was left behind, “spared” because her own father was regarded as a revolutationary hero. That was the last Kang ever saw her.

39. What was a reason for Kang’s grandfather never returned to Kang’s house?
A. A supporter of Kim II Sung
B. Accused of betraying North Korea
C. Regarded as a hero
D. As an important person in Korea
E. Force Kang’s family to leave their homeland

40. What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?
A. The last minutes Kang gathered together with his mother
B. The day Kang ever saw his grandma and grandpa
C. The moment Kang’s father was regarded as a hero
D. The last day Kang’s parents and his grandma sobbed
E. The sad moment when Kang’s parents meet grandma

41. Why did Kang’s grandfather disappear?
A. He left for work and went somewhere else
B. He returned to North Korea
C. He was supporter of Kim II Sung
D. He went to the government’s office
E. He was kidnapped and punished by the security guards

42. A few weeks later, seven plain clothes security guards stormed into Kang’s housE. The word “stormed” has the same meaning as ….
A. Destroyed
B. Attacked
C. Knocked
D. Involved
E. Knotted

Recount Text Biography 16
Keith Campbell, a prominent biologist who worked on cloning Dolly the sheep, died at 58, the University of Nottingham said Thursday. Campbell, who had worked on animal improvement and cloning since 1999, died October 5, 2012, University spokesman Tim Utton said. He did not specify the cause, only saying that Campbell had worked at the University until his death.
He began researching animal cloning at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh in 1991. In 1996 the experiments led to the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. The sheep was named after the voluptuous singer Dolly Parton. Researchers at the time said that the sheep was created from a mammary gland cell, and that Parton offered an excellent example.
The creation of the sheep captured the public imagination and instantly became a scientific sensation. The experiments drew not only admiration but also anger from some who raised questions about the ethics of cloning. Animal rights activists were outraged, while the church of England expressed reservations. Dolly was put down in 2003 after she developed a lung disease. Campbell’s interest in cellular growth dated back to his college days studying microbiology in London.

43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A. Campbell never felt leaving for the university
B. Campbell stopped working because of his sickness
C. Campbell focused his research dealing with humans
D. Campbell started researching animal cloning as his experiments
E. Campbell focused his research not only on the animal experiments

44. Why did the experiments not draw admiration perfectly?
A. Animal rights activists were outraged
B. The public imagination became a scientific sensation
C. Some people felt dissatisfied with the experiment results
D. Some people were angry from their question about the ethics of cloning
E. The experiments did not show the representative results of the cloning ethics

45. Why was the sheep named after Dolly Parton?
A. The researchers admired her
B. She was a voluptuous singer
C. She was a very popular singer
D. The mammary gland cell was taken from her
E. She was the one who inspired the researchers

Recount Text Biography 17
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) — Astronomer and Scientist. Galileo developed a superior telescope and made many significant discoveries in astronomy. He was sentenced to life imprisonment by the inquisition for his support for the Copernican theory that the sun was at the centre of the solar system.
Galileo was born in Florence, Italy in 1564 to a poor but noble family His parents recognized their child’s innate intelligence and talents and so made sacrifices to have him educated. At his father’s insistence, Galileo studied the profitable career of medicine. But, at the University of Pisa, Galileo became fascinated in a wide range of subjects. He was also critical of many of Aristotle’s teaching which had dominated education for the past 2,000 years.
Galileo was appointed to be a mathematics professor at the University of Pisa, but his strident criticisms of Aristotle left him isolated among his contemporaries. After three years of persecution, he resigned and went to the University of Padua, where he taught maths. His entertaining lectures attracted a large following and he was able to spend the next 18 years pursuing his interests in astronomy and mechanics.

46. Something that we can learn from Galileo Galilei’s biography is …
A. We must always believe whatever the society believes to avoid getting persecuted.
B. We must never go against the believe of the society to avoid getting imprisoned.
C. We should believe in something and stay faithful to it no matter how hard
D. We must sacrifice everything to get ourselves educated.
E. We should spend 18 years to pursue our interests.

47. From the fact that Galileo Galilei was imprisoned for supporting the Copernican theory, which later was proven to be true, we know that Galileo Galilei was …
A. Reckless
B. Stubborn
C. Tenacious
D. Arrogant
E. Foolish

48. According to the biography, why did Galileo Galilei resign from his teaching job at the University of Pisa?
A. He had attracted many followers.
B. He was persecuted for three years
C. He was appointed as a mathematics professor.
D. He had a better offer from the University of Padua.
E. He wanted to pursue his interests in astronomy and mechanics.

49. “His parents recognized their child’s innate intelligence and talents and so made sacrifices to have him educated.” (Paragraph 2). The underlined word “innate” is closest in meaning to …
A. Acquired
B. Ingenious
C. Multiple
D. Inborn
E. Strident

Essay
Sunday The Terrible

  Last week was a terrible day for me. My cousin and I were playing football infront of the house to spend time with us .

   First, it was really fun until I kicked the ball too strong, so the ball leaded me to the window and broke the window. When we want to escape, all of a sudden we all heard a loud voice. After that, the owner of the house came out of the fence, he yelled at us. We are very afraid of her, but we do not know what to do. Then, one of my cousins told us to run, we all ran, and suddenly we heard the sound of skin. Then we know that homeowners allow dogs to chase us. And we were struggling to run as fast as her as we can.

  But, I fell down so the dog managed to capture me and bit my leg. It really hurts me. Then the dog ran back into the house. My cousin took me to the doctor and told my parents . In the end, the doctor said that I was exposed to rabies. Then I was hospitalized for one week more.

  That's a terrible day of the week for me, may not happen to me again in his next week Sunday.
1. What is the title of the story above ?

2. When was happening?

3. Why last week was a terrible day for the author?

4. Who is shouting?

5. What is said to be the cousin of the author?

6. Who is pursuing the author and his friends when run?

7. What happens when a dog chasing a homeowner?

8. Who brought author to the doctor?

9. What the doctor said at author?

10. How long author hospitalized?

1. Sunday The Terrible

2. Last Week

3. For kicking the ball too strong, so that the ball is kicked into the window and broke the window.

4. The owner of the house

5. To run

6. dog pawnbroker

7. The dog caught, and biting the author.

8. Cousin

9. The doctors say that the author is exposed to rabies

10. a Week
 

A trip to Mount Fuji 

July 2021, I went to West Tokyo by plane. It was my first journey to Japan. I took a trip to Mount Fuji. I stayed at Sakura’s house. She is my friend in Japan. We were a classmate at Senior High School. Sakura’s house has a big garden with lots of green flowers and beautiful sand. It was so perfect element of a traditional wooden house.

On Sunday morning, I started a journey to the Mountain. At Shizuoka Prefecture, I met Yamato. He was my guiding to Mount Fuji. We took sushi for breakfast. Oh my God, It was delicious. At 9:00 am. local time, we prepared and checked our stuff to continue this journey. I couldn’t say anything when I looked at the beautiful scenery from the foot of the mountain. Yamato looked and smiled at me. He said in Japan language “Kore Wa subarashdesu.” It means that it was amazing. Then, I replayed “Hai,-sdesu.” It means that yes, it was.

We reached the top of the mountain after a long and tiring trip. I screamed to blow up my emotion and said thanks to God for this beautiful life. We enjoyed the view from the peak and waiting for the next day. The day that I couldn’t forget. It was called “Hatsu Hinode” It means that it was my first time to see the sun rises in Mount Fuji.

Finally, I, Yamato and the other traveler went home by the blessing of Mount Fuji. That was a very pleasant moment that I ever got.

Questions
1. When did the writer go to Tokyo?
2. How did the writer go there?
3. Where did the writer stay in Tokyo?
4. Who is Sakura?
5. When did the writer go to Mount Fuji?
6. Where did the writer meet Yamato?
7. Who was Yamato?
8. What did they take for their breakfast?
9. What time did they prepare and check their stuff to continue the journey?
10. What is the meaning of Kore Wa subarashdesu?
11. How was the trip to Mount Fuji?

Answer
1. The writer went to Tokyo in July 2021.
2. The writer went to Tokyo by plane.
3. The writer stayed at Sakura’s house.
4. Sakura is the writer’s friend in Japan.
5. The writer went to Mount Fuji On Sunday morning.
6. The writer met Yamato in Shizuoka Prefecture.
7. Yamato was the writer guiding to Mount Fuji.
8. They took sushi for their breakfast.
9. They prepared and checked their stuff to continue the journey at 9:00 am. local time.
10. It means that it was amazing.
11. It was a long and tiring trip.

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Gothe : somebody that I used to know  https://youtu.be/LHqu-Nl-KlY
Adelle : “Set Fire To The Rain  https://youtu.be/WcUF-xk760g
Michael Jackson : “Remember the Time  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sVIaTqmCaA