Science and Religion Chapter 10

Quizlet cards Scientific and Religious Schisms

Discussion Questions:

Important Cultural Changes

1. Why did the city-states of northern Italy begin to embrace humanism during what would become the Renaissance?
2. In what ways will the new wealth of merchants change the face of politics, cultural values, and the arts?
3. Which invention is most responsible for allowing the transmission of Renaissance ideas throughout Europe?

The Protestant Reformation

1. What specific practices / policies of the Catholic Church did Luther object to? What was his ultimate goal in calling them out?
2. Compare and contrast Luther’s beliefs to those of John Calvin and the Anglican Church.
3. What specific decisions and actions were taken by the Council of Trent? What was the overall impact of these decisions?
4. Sort these events all out: English Civil War, Thirty Years War, Edict of Nantes, Treaty of Westphalia

The Scientific Revolution

1. In what ways did interregional contact inspire European scientists?
2. Why was the study of astronomy important at this time?
3. What were the key findings of : Copernicus? Brahe & Kepler? Galileo? Newton?
4. Why would the developments of the Scientific Revolution be seen as a threat to the Church? What did the Church do to mitigate these threats?

The Enlightenment

1. How is the Enlightenment an extension of the Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution?
2. What are the key beliefs of: John Locke? Baron de Montesquieu? Rousseau? Voltaire?
3. Looking forward, which countries do you think will embrace the Enlightenment? Which will most fight it?

Political Consolidation

1. Compare and contrast the concept of the divine right of kings to the Mandate of Heaven.
2. Compare and contrast the concept of absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy.
3. Why is the concept of “Rule of Law” important to the development of modern countries?

Development of Capitalism and Technological Advances

1. How does mercantilism relate to capitalism?
2. What major technological advances improved conditions for trade and capitalism? What is the secret to European success?
3. Why will the development of the joint-stock company allow for a tremendous growth of trade investment in Europe?

Demographic and Social Changes:

1. What significant social changes happened in Europe during this time? Consider: population growth, marriage, family living arrangements.