Green Biotechnology

Green biotechnology involves the use of environmentally friendly solutions as an alternative to traditional industrial agriculture, horticulture and animal breeding processes.

  • Use of bacteria to facilitate the growth of plants.
  • Development of pest-resistant grains.
  • Engineering of plants to express pesticides.
  • Use of bacteria to assure better crop yields instead of pesticides and herbicides.
  • Production of superior plants by stimulating the early development of their root systems.
  • Use of plants to remove heavy metals such as lead, nickel, or silver, which can then be extracted ("mined") from the plants.
  • Genetic manipulation to allow plant strains to be frost-resistant.
  • Use of genes from soil bacteria to genetically alter plants to promote tolerance to fungal pathogens.
  • Use of bacteria to get plants to grow faster, resist frost and ripen earlier.

-Sanah Malik (India)

GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS

DNA transfers in naturallly in organisms. many natural mechanisms allow gene flow across species, for example, it is one mechanism for the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.This is facilitated by transposons, retrotransposons, proviruses and other mobile genetic elements that naturally translocate DNA to new loci in a genome. Movement occurs over an evolutionary time scale.

The introduction of foreign germplasm into crops has been achieved by traditional crop breeders by overcoming species barriers. A hybrid cereal grain was created in 1875, by crossing wheat and rye. Since then important traits including dwarfing genes and rust resistance have been introduced.Plant tissue culture and deliberate mutations have enabled humans to alter the makeup of plant genomes.

-Devadharshini M. (India)

A range of scientific tools that alter living organisms to improve plants and animals for agricultural purposes.

-Purnima S. (India)

More than 18 million farmers in 28 countries planted biotechnology crops in 181 million hectares in 2014.Reflecting a 6.3 million or three to four percent increase in global biotechnology crop hectarage.Around the world global biotechnology crop planting mark 19 years of continued growth,which justifies the continuous deployment of Genetic Modification(GM) to indian agriculture.

-Nanthinidevi S. (India)

Bioterrorrism is related to the intentional release of biological agents like bacteria ,viruses ,fungi or toxins. These agents are classified under three categories :

*Category A

*Category B

*Category C

Today let us discuss about category A

These high priority agents like bacillius anthracis,variola virus ,francisella tularensis etc..., pose a risk to national security and it can be easily transmitted to people . They may cause threat to public health and may cause the public to panic .They require special action for public health prepardness .

(eg): Anthrax (bacillius anthracis)

Small pox (variola virus)

To infect the food, variety of bacteria and bacterial toxins are used .Some of the toxins are Clostridium botulineum toxin ,Salmonella species ,Clostridium perfirngens toxin , Escherichia coli O157:H7 , shigella and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B . The one that is most dangerous and most likely to be used in bioterrorism is Clostridiun botulinum toxin , which causes botulism

-Aishwaryalakshmi S. (India)

It is nice to see you all again....

Today Iam going to give an intro about the technology related with deserts. The management of arid land and deserts is known as Brown biotechnology or Desert biotechnology. To improve the desert conditions and to make the desert a useful one the seeds should be made resist to extreme environmental conditions of arid lands. Some methods to improve the condiyions are :

*creation of agricutural techniques and

*The management of resources.

-Bhargavi C. (India)


Do you know that Scientists says that Plant of Specis NICOTIANA ( tobbaco) produce nictine against herbivores. It is considered as worst enemy larvae of tobbaco is named as hornworm and the scientific name is manducta sexta.they are called as cyp genes involved information to obtain p450 enzymes.The genes in Manducta sexta were able to completely off these genes with the help of RNAi technology that is expressed in the plant.

-Devadarshini M. (India)

The concept is on related potatoes and tomatoes so that both are produced on the same plant it was developed from 1977 at the Max Planck Institute for

Developmental Biology in Germany, and eventhough it was healthy, the plant produced neither potatoes nor tomatoes. The Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research produced a plant with fruit in 1994.

THE BENEFITS OF POMATO:

Pomato plants have been seen as a new technology to make food production it become more efficient, beacause they maximize the amount of crops that can be produced in places like a piece of land or in a small urban environment like a balcony.This has significant impacts on developing countries like Kenya, where farmers can save on space, time and labour without affecting the quality of their produce by growing pomato plants. In addition, grafting can improve resistance to bacteria, viruses and fungi, attract a more diverse group of pollinators.

-Devadharshini M. (India)

Many feels that breeding of insects research is good.This is because the rising laboratory costs and they are relatively easy to maintain, insects are bred for many different fields of research.Since they have short life spans,the time to complete experiment is reduced.Breeding insects for the search has become commonplace.The most widely bred insects for research purposes are flies. In fact, the fruit fly is well known for its contribution to the study of genetics and genetic diseases.Because of breeding bugs many new drugs has been found.A common example is :

1.Fire flies have helped detect bacteria in milk,wine and water.

2.Gypsy moths have provided the valuable information about hormones.

3.Maggots kill bacteria and eat dead tissue.They have been used for centuries, especially during times of war.

4.leeches are also bred for medicinal uses. It is medically proven.

-Aruthra A. (India)