PBL Activities

Assignment 1:

1. Differentiate between System Software and Application Software. 

2. Explain the specific roles of the three core components of a Central Processing Unit (CPU):

3.  Compare Low-Level Languages (Machine and Assembly Language) with High-Level Languages (such as C or Python)

4. Differentiate between a Compiler and an Interpreter using a comparative table .

5. Write a structured, step-by-step algorithm to solve the following problem: A school needs a tool to process student test results. The program must accept three test scores (each out of 100) for a student, calculate the average percentage, and determine the pass status.

• Conditions to handle:

  1. Input three test scores.

  2. Validate that each score is within the range of 0 to 100. If any score is invalid, display an error message and stop.

  3. Calculate the average score.

  4. If the average score is 50 or higher, print "Passed"; otherwise, print "Failed"

6. List the standard flowchart shapes corresponding to each of the following actions, and draw or describe their standard appearance:

1. 1. Start / End

   2. Input / Output

   3. Calculation / Processing

   4. Decision / Conditional Branching

7. Write the step-by-step structural logic of a flowchart that reads a positive integer N from the user and calculates the sum of all odd numbers from 1 up to N.

8. Write a complete algorithm to convert a given speed from kilometers per hour (km/h) to meters per second (m/s) using the conversion formula:

Speed in m/s = Speed in km/h x (5/18)

9. Describe the step-by-step translation process that takes place when a programmer transforms a C source code file (main.c) into a runnable machine program, explaining the distinct roles of the Compiler and the Linker.

Assignment 2:

1.  Explain the essential structure of a standard C program.

2.  Differentiate between Syntax Errors and Semantic Errors in C. 

3.  Prepare table comparing the primitive data types in C on standard 32-bit/64-bit systems on basis of Data Type,Memory Size (Bytes),Format Specifier and Typical Range (or Purpose)

4.  Explain the difference between defining a constant using the #define preprocessor directive and using the const keyword in C. State three valid rules for naming variables (identifiers) in C.

5.  Compare the behavior of the Prefix Increment (++x) and Postfix Increment (x++) operators. 

6. Name and describe the functionality of the six bitwise operators available in C:

7.  Differentiate between Implicit Type Conversion (type promotion) and Explicit Type Casting in C. Explain why float result = 5 / 2; stores 2.000000 instead of 2.500000, and rewrite the statement using explicit casting to get 2.500000.

Assignment 3:

For example

1. 1. https://www.mygreatlearning.com/academy/learn-for-free/courses/c-for-beginners1

   2. https://www.udemy.com/course/fundamentals-of-programming-in-c/?srsltid=AU7gw4Wa4CnD3n_nm7dOnvFPTy-zoYQVLq6WMOHZhA-NNsqfP4an6Keg

   3. https://www.simplilearn.com/free-c-course-skillup

   4. Any other such online courses with Certificate