Embedded Files
Dr. Ahmad Mohammed Tofiq , 4/11/2018
Abstract
Currently, the condition of increased mortality with bacterial infections that cannot be treated with the common antibiotics is frightening, as the world right now has not got any alternatives to these antibiotics. Day by day bacterial resistance to the antibiotics is increasing through different mechanisms (resistance mechanisms) that prevent the antibiotics from working. The most dangerous is that these mechanisms can be shared between different bacteria, spreading the problem. Resistance to the antibiotics within the bacteria that we are concern about are not just multi-drug resistance (MDR), but rather they exceeded that level to become either extensively drug-resistance like Salmonella typhi, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or pan-drug resistance such as both of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
However, researches, especially in UK and Australia are working hardly to exploit Bdellovibrio(microbe-eating microbes) to work for human benefit as an alternative to antibiotics.
Some plasmids and their applications in molecular biology
Dr. Ahmad Mohammed Tofiq, 6/11/2018
Abstract
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA that present in various bacterial strains. These plasmids are not essential for the maintenance of the bacteria but rather they confer some extra properties. For example, acquire resistance (AmpR, tetR, KnR…etc) to the bacteria against most of the available antibiotics. Plasmids are differ from each other by their size, some are with small sizes, such as pGEM®-T Easy Vector, PAKE604, pET28a, pACYC184…etc, while some others are bigger like pJH10, RK2, R6K…..etc. They are also the basics of gene cloning, and are either with low or with high copy number.Depending on the required protocol, researchers must select the correct plasmid for their application (in-frame deletion or insertion, gene expression, mobilization of other plasmid….and so on).
Mr.Ismail A.Almhamed ,31/10/2108
Abstract
Several factors such as inheritance, environment, error in DNA replication and intracellular carcinogen can cause cancer in human and other animal. The main question here is why cancer do not follow the route of infectious diseases in spreading from person to person? Or is there any way that we catch cancer from someone else? MHC incompatibility is the main factor which helps immune system to eliminate foreign cancer cells. Despite this barrier, cancer in human can transfer from person to person directly such as from mother to infant through placenta or in organ transplantation which is very rare. However, Cancer in animal such as Dog (CTVT) and Tasmanian devil (DFTD) transfer directly from one animal to another and growth inside the host which act as extinction threat especially in DFTD. Indirect transfer such as viruses (HPV and herpesvirus‐8) can spread cancer from one person to another. Organ transplant and HIV patients are more vulnerable to indirect cancer transfer.
Dr. Mariwan Musa Mohammad, 31/10/2018
Abstract
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are small–sized phlebotomine insects feeding on a wide range of hosts and potentially acting as vectors of several anthroponotic and zoonotic diseases. Vector-borne diseases are an important public health threat around the world. Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic protozoan parasitic disease infecting humans with having three main clinical forms: cutaneous (CL), visceral (VL) and muco-cutaneous (MCL). The parasite is potentially transmitted by various species of phlebotomine sand fly vectors in the area where the reservoir hosts such as rodents and canine species are settled.
In the Middle East, for example in central Iran, P. papatasi was found as the main vector for the transmission of leishmaniasis (Yaghoobi-Ershadi et al. 2005; Yaghoobi-Ershadi et al. 2015). While in Iraq, a morphological study indicates that there are three main species of Phlebotomus: P. alexandri, P. papatasi, and P. sergenti (Coleman et al. 2007). In this study, we investigated both morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the abundant indoor species of sandflies, specifically P. papatasi.In the early May 2017, our team investigated the villages (such as Khalaf) belong to the Kifri district to collect phlebotomine sandflies, an endemic area where CL leishmaniasis outbreaks occurred (Al-Bajalan et al 2018). The current study identified the morphological features of P. papatasi sandfly in an endemic zone of CL outbreak. The sandfly species was confirmed by molecular genotyping of 18S rRNA gene which was genotypically correlated to P. papatasi worldwide. Further study is needed to discover both the vector and reservoir Leishmania in the region.
Sequencing of the ITS gene in Microsporumcanis isolated from patient in General Kalar Hospital.
Dr.Hana Kareem Maikhan, 4/11/2018
Abstract
Microsporumcanis is a zoophilic dermatophyte of worldwide distribution and is a frequent cause of ringworm in humans, especially children. Invades hair, skin and rarely nails. Cats and dogs are the main sources of infection. Invaded hairs show an ectothrix infection and fluoresce a bright greenish-yellow under Wood’s ultra-violet light. Sequencing of the ITS gene is an important laboratory teqniquein the molecular identification of this pathogen.
Prevalence of endoparasitic in gastro intestinal of chickens and pejions.
Mr.Sarkawt Radha Kakabwa, 14/11/2018
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of all endoparasitic forms (eggs, larvae, cysts and oocyst) which lived in gastro-intestinal of chickens and pigeons in region of garmian.During 2018 , 150 samples were collected from various sites in Garmian regions.At first, the town was geographically divided into two regions: Kalar and Khanaqine 75 samples were collected from each region. The study was focused on samples of chickens and pijeons. Although endoparasites in poultry are known to cause retarded growth, enteritis, diarrhoea, haemorrhages .These diseases generate loss of egg production. Infection with endoparasites causes reduction in the growth rate and weight loss,and need to vigorous control measures.
Induction of diabetes mellitus in rats
Mr. Seerwan Assi Raheem, 31/10/2018
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.Diabetes mellitus has been considered as one of the major health concerns all around the world today. Experimental animal models are one of the best strategies for the understanding of pathophysiology of any disease in order to design and develop the drugs for its treatment Alloxan-induced diabetes is one of the widely used model to induce Type I diabetes mellitus in the experimental animalsOne of the most potent methodsto induce experimental diabetes mellitus , Alloxandiscovered by von Liebig and Wohler in 1828 and has been regarded as one of the oldest named organic compounds that exist It is a well- known diabetogenic agent that is used to induce Type I diabetes in experimental animalsAlloxan is a ureaexperimental animals, It is a urea derivative which causes selective necrosis of the β-cells of pancreatic isletsit has been widely used to produce experimental diabetes in animals such as rabbits, rats, mice and dogs.
Mr. Mostafa Yunis Rashid,28/11/2018
Abstract
A four-stranded DNA secondary structures which can form in sequences rich in cytosine. Stabilized by acidic conditions, they are comprised of two parallel-stranded DNA duplexes held together in an antiparallel orientation by intercalated, cytosine–cytosine+ base pairs.i-motif stability is highly dependent on factors such as sequence and environmental conditions.The i-motifs were present in gene promoter regions and telomeres, suggesting that they regulate the genome.Showed that they regulate gene transcription so that makes them potential cancer drug targets.
Dr. Sirwan Hassan Salih, 3/4/2019
1-Geranium robertianum L. ( Geraniaceae) A new record for the flora of Iraq
3-The anti- effectiveness of Raphanus sativus L. Extracts on some fungal growth inhibition
4-Antimicobial efficacy of Erodium glucophyllum (L.) L. Her. Extracts
5-Chemo taxonomical study of the Orobanche L. and Geranium L. species in Iraq
7-Effect of extracts of Eruca sativa Mill. On the growth inhibition of some fungal species
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