Today we are going to start a new topic in which we will study the fundamentals of programming and robotics for the first time. 

To do this, first, we will study and think about some basic concepts to have them clear. Then, we will take the first steps in the online and free tool known as MakeCode, which will allow us to program anything from simple control systems to video games. Additionally, it will allow us to assemble control systems through a microprocessor known as Micro:BIT. 

Key learning in this lesson

• Understand the micro:bit is a tiny computer which needs instructions in code to make it work.

• Understand that sets of instructions for computers in a sequence are also called algorithms or programs.

• Use the MakeCode editor to create instructions in code that the micro:bit can understand and then transfer them to the micro:bit.

• Know the micro:bit has an LED display output which it can use to show words (as well as numbers and pictures).

Key learning in this lesson

• Understand that sequence and timing is important when making an animation.

• Understand that animations create an illusion of movement by showing a sequence of still images.

• Code the micro:bit to show simple animations on its LED display output.

• Use loops to make animations run longer using fewer instructions.

Key learning in this lesson

• Code the micro:bit to make different outputs happen depending on different inputs. (This is a very simple kind of selection. We look at selection in more detail in lesson 5, Nightlight.)

• Understand that inputs and outputs involve the flow of data in and out of computers.

• Apply this knowledge using the micro:bit’s button inputs and display output.

Key learning in this lesson

• Understand how sensor inputs from the accelerometer can be used to detect movement, such as when a step is taken.

• Understand that variables are used to keep track of the current step count.

• Understand that the order of instructions is important: display the variable’s value after updating it, not before.

• Apply this learning to build a practical, real-world project.

Key learning in this lesson

• Understand how inputs, outputs, and computer code work together to make control systems.

• Understand how logic (conditional ‘if... then... else’ instructions) is used to make different outputs happen depending on changes in data from a sensor.

• Use ‘forever’ infinite loops to keep control systems responding to changes in the environment.

• Practise testing and improving a project to make the nightlight work better in specific local lighting conditions.

Key learning in this lesson

• Use the accelerometer via the ‘on shake’ block to start the code running.

• Code the creation of random numbers in a fixed range.

• Use variables so they can be tested using logic.

• Make use of more complex logical ‘if... then... else if...’ conditional instructions.

• Apply these concepts to make a computer simulation of a real-world game.

• Evaluate the fairness of computer simulations.