Rome

Ancient and Classical Rome, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire,

c. 500 BCE-500 CE

Supporting Questions: What was the influence and legacy of the Roman Empire on the conquered peoples in the territory it controlled?

⦁ Locate Rome on a map, trace the expansion of the Roman Empire to 500 CE and explain how Rome’s location contributed to its political power in the Mediterranean and beyond.

⦁ Describe the rise of the Roman Republic, its government, including separation of powers, rule of law, representative government, and the notion of civic duty.

⦁ Describe the influence of Julius Caesar and Augustus in Rome’s transition from a republic to an empire and explain the reasons for the growth and long life of the Roman Empire.

⦁ Military organization, tactics, and conquests; and decentralized administration

⦁ the purpose and functions of taxes

⦁ the promotion of economic growth through the use of a standard currency, road construction, and the protection of trade routes and the benefits of a Pax Romana

⦁ Describe the characteristics of the system of classes and slavery under the Romans.

⦁ Explain how inner forces (e.g., the rise of autonomous military powers, political corruption, and economic and political instability) and external forces (shrinking trade, invasions from northern tribes) led to the disintegration of the Roman Empire.

⦁ Describe the contribution of the Romans to architecture, engineering, and technology (e.g., roads, bridges, arenas, baths, aqueducts, central heating, plumbing, and sanitation).

⦁ Explain the spread and influence of the Roman alphabet and the Latin language, and the role of Latin and Greek in scientific and academic vocabulary today.

⦁ Describe how scientific, philosophical, and aesthetic ideas diffused throughout Europe, Asia, and Africa as a result of trade, migration, conquest, and colonization.