History & Development Revision

What did the classical school propose was the cause of crime / what was the reason for crime?

What did the approach say about 'free will'?

What did the classical school say about punishment?

What came before the classical school (causes of crime and punishments)?

What was happening at the time which led the creation of the classical school?

Who were the main contributors to the classical school of criminology?

What did they say? Did they publish any literature? If so, when?

According to the biological perspective, are criminals born or made? Explain!

What was trending at the time of (and contributed to) the development of this approach?

Who founded this approach?

Without knowledge of genetics, how were biological variations measured?

How could criminals be identified according to this approach?

If criminals cant help committing crimes, what are the implications for punishment? How do we respond to crime nowadays when there's a 'biological' component?

Who came up with the functionalist theory of crime?

Why was the functionalist theory important for sociology in general? (what did it do for the field of sociology?)

What is social order?

How (according to this theory) is social order maintained?

What is 'boundary' function in relation to the functionalist theory of crime? Come up with an example

What is 'adaptive' function in relation to the functionalist theory of crime? Come up with an example

The name and founder of a psychological approach

How the approach is similar to and different from biological explanations

Why this might be a strength (does it acknowledge both nature and nurture?)

What model can be applied to explain criminal behaviour?

What are the elements of this model and when do they develop?

What does each element do/want?

How can an imbalance between these elements lead to criminal behaviour?