One Past, many histories

Outcomes

This module will tackle issues surrounding historical interpretation-how a single record of the past can be interpreted in multiple ways. Historical Interpretation and multiperspectivity will be discussed which will help us analyze historiographical problems as we attempt to apply what we have learned in the previous module.

At the end of the lesson, you can: 

• Demonstrate the ability to use primary sources to argue in favor or against a particular issue;

• Communicate using various techniques and genres, their historical analysis of a particular event or issue that could help others understand the chosen topic; and 

• Manifest interest in local history and concern in promoting and preserving our country’s national patrimony and cultural heritage.

Brief Discussion

According to Geoffrey Barraclough (1975), history is the “attempt to discover based on fragmentary evidence, the significant things about the past”. Historians utilize facts collected from primary sources of history and then draw their reading so that their intended audience may understand the historical event, a process that in essence, “make sense of the past.” Therefore, historical interpretation is the process by which we describe, analyze, evaluate, and create an explanation of past events. This also requires synthesizing (combining) a variety of evidence, primary and secondary (critical thinking), and involves the ability to arrive at meaningful and persuasive understandings of the past by applying all the other historical thinking skills, by drawing appropriately on ideas from different fields of inquiry or disciplines and by creatively fusing disparate, relevant (and perhaps contradictory) evidence from primary sources and secondary works. 

The following topics under this subject matter will be broadly discussed on the attached files and PowerPoint located on the tool chest. 

• • Historical Interpretation

  • Multiperspectivity

  • Case Studies

  • Where did the first catholic mass take place in the Philippines?

  • What happened in the Cavite Mutiny?

  • Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?

  • Please see attached files:

Please see the attached files, PowerPoint, and video clip:

Tool-chest 1. a: Reading file

Magellan’s Journal by Pigafetta ENGLISH version by Blair and Robertson

Customs of the Tagalogs from The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, V7, 1588-1591

Sampung Utos Compilation English

Sampung Utos Compilation Filipino

Kartilya English

Kartilya Filipino 04

Declaration of Philippine Independence

Journal of the Philippine Commission. [Vol. 1, no. 1]

Tool-chest 1. b: PowerPoint Presentation

The First Voyage Around the World

Pigafetta Final Draft

CUSTOMS OF THE TAGALOG

KARTILYA NEW

Act of 1898 proclamation

Philippine Political Caricature

FILIPINO GRIEVANCES AGAINST GOVERNOR WOOD (group 6)

HISTORICAL-METHOD

Tool-chest 1. c:  Video Clip 

President Corazon Aquino before the US Congress

Activity

The class will be divided into nine (9) groups* and each will be assigned one of the following topics: 

1. Antonio Pigafetta’s First Voyage Around the World  

2. Juan de Plasencia’s Customs of the Tagalogs 

3. Andres Bonifacio’s Dekalogo ng Katipunan

4. Emilio Jacinto’s Kartilla ng Katipunan

5. Emilio Aguinaldo’s Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan

6. Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista’s The Act of Declaration of Philippine Independence 

7. Alfred McCoy’s Political Caricature of the American Era

8. Commission on Independence’s Filipino Grievances Against Governor Wood

9. Corazon Aquino’s Speech Before the US Congress

Please be reminded that each group must prepare a detailed PowerPoint presentation of their topic, a soft copy of handouts regarding their topic, and a thoroughly accomplished Primary Source Analysis Worksheet from each group member**. Please see the attached rubrics so you will know how you will be rated.

* Each group must consist of not more than four (4) members. If the class size is more than thirty-six (36) the following supplementary topics may be utilized:

Laguna Copperplate Inscription

Ang Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa by Andres Bonifacio

1935 Philippine Constitution

The speech of KALIBAPI Acting Director Camilo Osias on December 7, 1943

The Declaration of Martial Law in 1972 by Ferdinand Marcos

Raiders of Sulu Sea

Mga Obra ni Luna at Amorsolo

**Accomplish the Primary Source Analysis Worksheet using your own words. You will get a zero on this activity and an Incomplete Grade on your Final Rating if you are caught copying your answer from your classmates or the internet.