Misconception: "Indigenous peoples in our region “vanished” in the 18th century and are no longer living"

European/American lens: even these non-Indegenous sources reveal Native American seasonal presence in the region in the 19th century. Potential concepts to unpack: American voyeurism, depictions of civilization/industrialization vs. nature- based cultures that are not “modern”

For context: Unfolding Histories, Cape Ann Museum

Unfolding Histories, Cape Ann Museum; gives overview of Native American history in Cape Ann area; also has primary sources from Cape Ann historical societies related to Native American history

PEM image of Native Encampment at Salem, 1840, Attributed to Joseph Ropes (1812-1885)

Salem, MA

Oil on canvas

Educators’ Guide created for “Salem in History”:

http://teh.salemstate.edu/educatorsguide/pages/expansion-pdfs/NativeEncampment.pdf

Transcription of 1831 Leverett Saltonstall’s “Indian Affairs 1831”

http://teh.salemstate.edu/Immigration/Vanishing-Ind/1831-trascript.html

Diary of John Lee, 1840

Diary of John Lee Cape Ann Museum, Unfolding Histories mentions Native American encampment 1840, from Manchester Historical Museum; Found

Massachusetts: Earle Report of Native Americans, 1861.

Report to the Governor and Council, Concerning the Indians of the Commonwealth, Under the Act of April 6, 1859

John Milton Earl, Commissioner of Indian of Affairs of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in accordance with an Act of April 6, 1859 passed by the Massachusetts Senate, to complete a report on the Native American population of the Commonwealth.

Massachusetts: Earle Report of Native Americans, 1861. (Online database: AmericanAncestors.org, New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2020)

A Discourse Pronounced at the Request of the Essex Historical Society, 1828

A Discourse Pronounced at the Request of the Essex Historical Society

Joseph Story, A Discourse Pronounced at the Request of the Essex Historical Society, on the 18th of September; 1828, in Commemoration of the First Settlement of Salem, in the State of Massachusetts (Boston: George C. Rand, 1850), pp 74-75

Describes how Native Americans “by their nature seemed destined to a slow extinction…”

Story Salem commemoration extinction of Native Americans 2 .png

History of the Town of Manchester, 1895

D. F. (Darius Francis) Lamson.History of the town of Manchester, Essex County, Massachusetts, 1645-1895 online, p. 5-7:

Manchester History screenshot .png

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