Python

CH02_03D: String Methods

upper / lower / title / strip / lstrip / rstrip / removeprefix / removesuffix / ljust /rjust / center

String Methods

What Are They?

All of these are string methods are functions built into Python that allow us to perform specific operations on strings

DOT NOTATION!!!

How are they Used?

my_string = "this IS some StRiNg I Wrote"
my_string.STRING_METHOD_GOES_HERE()

If you're using VS Code, a BUNCH of things will pop up after you type in the dot!

We may also need to need to pass additional information to a METHOD, so we put that added info we put inside the parenthesis

my_string = "this IS some StRiNg I Wrote"
newstr = my_string.METHOD_NAME(REQUIRED_INFO)

Which Ones Will We Cover This Unit?

upper
lower
title

lstrip
rstrip
strip

removeprefix
removesuffix

Title / Upper / Lower

name.title()

It makes a string Title Case
First letter of each word is capitalized

name.upper()
- - This method will make everything UPPERCASE
name.lower()
- - This method will make everything UPPERCASE

Quick Activity 1: PUT THIS IN YOUR FILE

Coding Portion

- Have a User type in a Famous String of text of text and store it in a variable
  - - - This could be a quote, passage, song lyric, etc...
- First print the original string of text to the screen.
- THEN, Print out the string in UPPERCASE, TITLE, and LOWERCASE making sure to tell the user which case they'll see

Example:

# Get the input from the user:user_name = input("What is a really long string passage? Make sure it's in all cases!!\n")
# Create variables for username# that store the name in upper, lower, title
#Print The User's Original Name#Print the user name in title case#Print the user name in lowercase#Print the user name in uppercase

Run the program and make sure there are no errors.

THINK ABOUT THIS...

Out of all of these which do you think is the most important or useful? Why? Think Passwords

Let's do an official introduction to whitespace

What is Whitespace?

Any horizontal or vertical space in text is considered whitespace

Spaces

- This is the most common type
- Used to separate words and tokens
- Example:

"Hello world"" Hello World""Hello World ""Hello World"

Tabs: ('\t')

- Used to create horizontal tab space often for indentations
- Typically equal to 4 spaces
- Example Syntax:

"\tIndented Text - 4 Spaces = 1 Tab"

"\t\t\tReally Indented Text - 12 Spaces = 3 Tabs"

- - - - Notice there's no space between the \t and the written text

Newlines: ('\n')

- Used to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line, creating a line break.
- Example Syntax:

"Line1\nLine2\nLine3"

Looks Like:

"Line 1"

"Line 2"

"Line 3"

Note: NO spaces between the character and the text!!!

Printing With Whitespace: YOU CAN DO THS IN YOUR FILE

ALL OF THESE 6 ACTIVITIES CAN BE IN 1 FILE. HOWEVER, YOU MUST PRINT A BANNER BEFORE EACH ONE RUNS, SO I WILL SEE WHICH PROGRAM IT IS!

Activity 1: Printing With Tabs

Write a program which prompts a user for their 4 favorite programming languages, and prints them like below
You MUST use Tabs and not SPACES no matter how you print this

python C++ Rust Java

Activity 2: Newlines

In the same file, Prompt a user for 4 of their favorite foods
Display them as shown below

PythonC++Java

Activity 3: Tabs and Newlines

Write a program which prompts a user for their 4 favorite programming languages, and prints them like below

Languages: Python Java JavaScript

Activity 4: Create a Simple Table

In the same file, now, using ONLY TABS, NEWLINES, and SPACES, add code which will print a simple table, looking like this:

Language Creator^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^Python Guido van RossumJava James GoslingJavaScript Brendan Eich

Activity 5: Format a Quote

- - Prompt a user to enter a FUN QUOTE from a person, author, etc...
  - Now, add code which will print a nicely formatted quote like below. It must display with quotes

"With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility..."
- Uncle Ben

Activity 6: Get a Quote

HARD-CODE a quote from a person or author
HARD-CODE the person who said the quote
Add code so the program will print the formatted quote

"Cinderella story. Outta nowhere. A former greenskeeper, now, about to become the Masters champion"
- Carl Spackler

A Few Weird Methods...

removeprefix()

Takes the front portion of a string off

removesuffix()

Takes the back portion of a string off

Example Usage:

mystring.removesuffix('thing_to_remove')

mystring.removeprefix('thing_to_remove')

my_name = "Mr. Severus Snape"

noprefix = my_name.removeprefix('Mr.') nosuffix = my_name.removesuffix('Snape')print(myname)print(noprefix)print(nosuffix)

A Few Syntax Examples: TRY THESE!!

website = "http://www.amazon.com"noprefix = my_website.removeprefix('http://') print("No Prefix String")print(noprefix)
website = "http://www.sweetwater.com"noprefix = website.removeprefix('http://') justwebsite = noprefix.removesuffix('.com')print("Just The Website Name:")print(f"{justwebsite}")

Quick Activity 2: PUT IN YOUR FILE

This Activity MUST be in it's OWN FILE: prefix-suffix.py

OPERATION: AVL URL SCRUBBER — Deluxe Heist Edition

Gru needs a clean “Most-Wanted Domains” list for the Great Moon Heist. Your job: peel off every disguise a URL is wearing (protocols, www., slashes, crumbs) until you can shout the true lair name (the core website) into the AVL radio.

Part A — “Peel the Protocol” (TASK 1a)

Create a variable holding a website name
- - https://www.sweetwater.com
Print out:
- - The Original Website
  - The website without .com
  - The website without https://

Part B — “Name the Lair” (TASK 1b)

Create a Variable with the website name:
- - https://www.pokemon.com/us
Print:
- Original Website Provided
- The Protocol used (https) - Gotta figure out how to get this from the site!
- The name of the website only (Pokemon)

BIG TASK!!

Scoreboard Mode:
- - Add section which will print a one-line explanation of what you removed at each step (e.g., “Removed https://”, “Removed .com”).
Do you remember time.sleep(1)?? Can you get this to work with the program???

TRY AND FORMAT THIS NICELY SO THE DISPLAY LOOKS COOL!! BONUS POINTS FOR THIS

Now Meet some String Methods for whitespace

rstrip()

Remove whitespace from right of string
Usage: string.rstrip()

lstrip()

Remove whitespace from left of string
Usage: string.lstrip()

strip()

Remove whitespace from right AND left side of the string
Usage: string.strip()

Whitespace Removal: Let's Try This In Notes

This Activity MUST be in it's OWN FILE: remove-whitespace.py

HOWEVER, YOU MUST PRINT A BANNER BEFORE EACH ONE RUNS, SO I WILL SEE WHICH PART IT IS!

Objective:

The goal of this task is to help you understand how to manipulate strings in Python by removing extra spaces or tabs using three helpful string methods: strip(), lstrip(), and rstrip().

Coding Instructions: PART 1 - No User Interaction

Add the strings above to your program
Print the strings as written so we can see what they look like with whitespace
Print all of the strings using the lstrip() method
Print all of the strings using the rstrip() method
Print all of the strings using the strip() method

Meet Your Alignment Operators... The Nice Ones!

Let's get a bit more advanced with alignment

You've been using some pretty weird alignment operations with FORMATTING in order to get your strings aligned like you want:
- - :< LEFT
  - :> RIGHT
  - :^ CENTER
  - *:^ PADDED

Let's Meet The Big Boy Methods...

str.ljust(width, fillchar)

Left-aligns the string, padding it with the specified character (default is a space) to ensure it reaches the specified width.

str.rjust(width, fillchar):

Right-aligns the string, padding it with the specified character to reach the desired width.

str.center(width, fillchar)

Centers the string within a given width, padding it with the specified character,

Checkpoint Activity - Minion ID Badge Formatter

This Activity MUST be in it's OWN FILE: minion-formatter.py

HOWEVER, YOU MUST PRINT A BANNER BEFORE EACH ONE RUNS, SO I WILL SEE WHICH PART IT IS!

Activity 1: Minion ID Badge Formatter

Declare a Variable with a Minion Name
Declare a Padding Character
Declare a Width (number)
Output the name (with the padded character) as:
1. 1. Left Justified
  2. Right Justified
  3. Centered

Activity 2: Minion ID Badge Formatted in a Table

See if you can use the String Methods above to make a cool badge!
- - - YOU'LL NEED BASIC MATH FOR THIS ONE!

Checkpoint Activity - Mission Moon

This Activity MUST be in it's OWN FILE

HOWEVER, YOU MUST PRINT A BANNER BEFORE EACH ONE RUNS, SO I WILL SEE WHICH PART IT IS!

Checkpoint: Match the Output

Create a small program that will output this....
It has:
- Spaces
- Tabs
- Raw Strings
- F-Strings
- Unicode Characters
- Newlines
- Single quotes

TASKS:

You must get your screen's code to display as the example. You can use your own steps, plan location, names, etc... HAVE FUN AND BE CREATIVE WITH YOUR FORMATTING!!!

NOTE:

This must be formatted using tabs and alignment operations
You must user upper, lower, lstrip, rstrip, strip in the program
Your display should look organized!
You can use any string methods you know in order to help!!

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