(mental health literacy, 2014)
For a diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder ALL of the symptoms in this Section must be met. This fear must last for at least 6 months and not be caused by a substance (e.g., drug, alcohol, medication). If the symptoms are already present it is marked as Clearly Present. if the symptom has been longed for at least 6 months, it is marked as sustained.
Someone with Social Anxiety Disorder experiences significant, excessive, and persistent anxiety when in a social situation where they might be judged.
The individual fears that he or she will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated
The social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety
The social situations are avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety.
The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by the social situation and to the sociocultural context
Besides the symptoms that were mentioned above, these symptoms also must be Clearly Present:
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, typically lasting for 6 months or more
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not better explained by symptoms or another mental disorder, such as panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or autism spectrum disorder.
If another medical condition (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, obesity, disfigurement from burns or injury) is present, the fear, anxiety, or avoidance is unrelated or is excessive.
The amygdala, which is part of the limbic system, is more active than normal in people with social anxiety when facing fearful situations. The intensity of this reaction has a direct relationship with the intensity of social anxiety(Monash University, 2006).
usually begins during late childhood and occurs more frequently in females than males (NINDS, n.d.)
Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are the most common medications for SAD (NINDS, n.d.)
Social Anxiety Disorder is slightly more common in women than in men. (mental health literacy, 2022)
An estimated 12.1% of U.S. adults experience social anxiety disorder at some time in their lives. (Social Anxiety Disorder, n.d.)
(Koyuncu et al., 2019)
Comorbidity, or having a disease in addition to social anxiety disorder, is frequent among SAD patients. The most common comorbid disorders are:
Major depression: It is diagnosed when an individual has a low or depressed mood
Bipolar disorder: a mental illness that causes extreme mood swings, along with changes in energy
Mood disorders: a mental health condition that causes severe disruptions to emotions
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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): Is responsible for solving problems individually by "focusing on problem solving".
amygdala: a small, almond-shaped structure in the brain that's part of the limbic system
SSRIs and SNRIs: They are a class of antidepressants that are used to treat depression and some types of anxiety disorders and personality disorders.(SSRIs Vs SNRIs, n.d.)
(NIMH,n.d) ;
(mental health literacy, 2022)
Psychotherapy (Cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral therapy).CBT helps patients to overcome the fear. this is the most common treatment.
Medication(SSRIs and SSNRs): This treatment is also common but it has some side-effects.
Support Groups: The support groups may make some changes to help people with social phobia manage their symptoms.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqAOrr_FPxo
In this video, Psychologist Fallon Goodman digs into the source of social anxiety.
Study finds CBT therapy is a good treatment for children with social anxiety disorder.
Yang and his colleagues (2019) studied the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). A total of 17 randomized controlled trials involving 1134 participants were analyzed. The participants were children and adolescents with SAD. They found that both CBT and BT (behavioral therapy) were effective in the treatment of SAD. This study suggests CBT is an effective treatment for SAD.