Simulated hydrothermal vents of prebiotic relevance












What minerals form at hadean hydrothermal vents? Are they catalytic? Is it possible to use a pH gradient between inside and outside to do chemical "work"?

In 1989 Michael Russell began growing simulated hydrothermal vent chimneys in the laboratory, having recognized that relatively cool, sulfidic, and off axis hydrothermal vents would have existed in the earliest oceans. Basic on the inside, and neutral or mildly acidic on the outside like a cell is today, Russell hypothesized that the initial disequilibria to organize prebiotic chemistry could be found here. Can it? let's try and see...

Techniques used:

Fluidics ・ NMR ・ UPLC-MS/MS ・synchotron radiation spectroscopy ・Raman spectroscopy ・Electron microscopy


some previous works in this area:

Peptide and RNA contributions to iron–sulphur chemical gardens as life's first inorganic compartments, catalysts, capacitors and condensers

SE McGlynn, I Kanik, MJ Russell, SE McGlynn, I Kanik, MJ Russell

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A


Iron-sulfide-bearing chimneys as potential catalytic energy traps at life's emergence

RE Mielke, KJ Robinson, LM White, SE McGlynn, K McEachern, R Bhartia, ...

Astrobiology 11 (10), 933-950


Design, fabrication, and test of a hydrothermal reactor for origin-of-life experiments

RE Mielke, MJ Russell, PR Wilson, SE McGlynn, M Coleman, R Kidd, ...

Astrobiology 10 (8), 799-810