Programme Information

HISTORY OF IB

The International Baccalaureate: A Global Vision for Education

The International Baccalaureate (IB) is a world-renowned educational framework that unites students, educators, and parents in a shared mission: to develop inquiring, knowledgeable, and compassionate individuals who contribute to a more peaceful and interconnected world. Offered in over 4,000 schools worldwide, the IB is celebrated for its commitment to lifelong learning, global inclusivity, and community service.

The IB emphasises intellectual, personal, and social growth, equipping students with the skills and values needed to excel beyond the classroom. At its core is the IB Learner Profile, which nurtures attributes like curiosity, communication, and critical thinking—key competencies for thriving in an increasingly globalised world. Tailored for students aged 3–19, the IB’s four programmes include:

• Primary Years Programme (PYP)

• Middle Years Programme (MYP)

• Diploma Programme (DP)

• Career-related Programme (CP)

A Journey Through the IB’s History

1962–1967: Laying the Foundation

In the 1960s, education often relied on rote memorisation and teacher-centred learning. Visionary educators recognised the need for a transformative approach, emphasising interactive, student-focused methods. In 1962, the International Schools Association (ISA) gathered in Geneva to envision a globally minded education system. Inspired by educational pioneers such as John Dewey and Jean Piaget, this group introduced the term International Baccalaureate.

Over the next five years, educators like Alex Peterson and Kurt Hahn collaborated to shape the IB’s foundational philosophy, prioritising interdisciplinary learning, ethical inquiry, and critical thinking.

1968–1975: Building the IB Framework

The International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO) was established in 1968, launching its first pilot programme in 12 schools across as many countries. This initial curriculum featured pioneering elements like:

• Theory of Knowledge (TOK): Encouraging exploration of connections between disciplines.

• Creativity, Activity, and Service (CAS): Promoting personal growth and community engagement.

By 1975, the IB Diploma Programme (DP) was officially recognised, and the organisation expanded to North America with the establishment of the International Baccalaureate North America (IBNA).

1975 and Beyond: Global Growth

Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the IB expanded its reach, opening regional offices in Buenos Aires and Singapore and introducing the DP in Spanish. Recognising the need for education tailored to younger learners, the IB launched the Middle Years Programme (MYP) in 1994 and the Primary Years Programme (PYP) in 1997.

The Learner Profile: A Unified Vision

In 1997, the IB introduced the Learner Profile, outlining 10 key attributes such as being reflective, principled, and open-minded. Initially developed for the PYP, the Learner Profile became a cornerstone of all IB programmes in 2006, shaping students into adaptable, globally conscious individuals.

The IB Today

Now offered in nearly 150 countries and translated into 13 languages, the IB serves over 1.25 million students. Despite its global reach, the IB remains dedicated to fostering lifelong learners who are equipped to make a positive impact on their communities and the world.

Annual conferences bring together educators from diverse cultures, ensuring the curriculum remains innovative, relevant, and inclusive.