The law requires alternate pathways for students to show mastery of standards. These pathways may be created by the school, or they may be proposed by students and approved by the school. Below is an example of what that might look like.
A student might be struggling in their Geometry class to be able to apply the forumla for a volume of a cone. During a summer internship in construction, however, that student might be required to compute the volume of truncated cones of various sizes in order to determine the amount of concrete needed to pour footings for a building. This student might then be able to provide the mathematics department with documentation and explanations of what he or she did and how they computed the volumes during their summer work, and as such this particular requirement could be marked as having met the requirement.