Step 1 (Measuring wood piece and spraypainting): The first step in this project was measuring the wood piece that I wanted to use for my frame. I measured the length, width, and thickness. This is key to creating an accurate model for the machine to carve out. Once I'm done writing down my measurements, I go outside with the spray paint of my choosing and paint the side that I didn't write any measurements on. (So I can remember them and input them into Fusion)
Step 2 (Creating model on Fusion): The next step was to download the pre-made model from the portal and adjust it to match the measurements of my plywood piece. I first click on the adjust button in the design menu and insert my measurements. I then make sure to make the stock a bit bigger than the actual model (1/2 an inch). After ensuring my measurements were accurate and correct, I updated the tool paths and watched the simulation to ensure everything was correct. Then I clicked my setup and clicked Create NC Program. I then verified that my project was named and was on 1001. After that, I saved the file to my computer and sent it to the maker space email.
Step 3 (Cutting my frame out): After all that prepping, I can finally cut out my frame. The cutting process starts by setting up my wood piece on the CNC. I tape the painted side up and tape the area on the table where I'm placing my piece as well. Then, I used super glue on the taped side of my wood piece and attached it to the taped area on the CNC. After making sure that my piece is attached, I then do the six preflight checks: tape and glue (make sure to check if the frame is REALLY glued onto the CNC table), make sure the air compressor is on, check that all the axes are in place (Z, Y, X) , and make sure my job is the one loaded. But we aren't ready to cut yet. First, we must move the machine to the area where my frame is glued. Then, I slowly lower it using the Z button-but I make sure not to lower it too much, maybe like 3 inches away. After the machine is set near the corner of my frame, I can turn on turtle mode and slowly lower the machine down to where I can start seeing a dark shadow made by the machine, but it still does not push down on my frame. I then had someone help me with the paper test to ensure it was close and accurate to my frame. Finally, I can move the machine back around the middle, let the CNC run my job, and remove my frame once it's finished cutting.
Step 4 (Last touches on base frame): Once the frame is finished, I can move on to the final touches. I remove any stray wood splinters from my frame and sand away the rough bottom with the sander. Then, I go in manually, with a folded piece of sandpaper, to really get into the harsh corners of the frame. This step, personally, was definitely the easiest one.
Step 5 (Acrylic and wood backing): My frame itself is finished; however, to really make it a picture frame, I have to create an acrylic front piece and a wood backing to keep both the acrylic and my chosen picture in place. I first go back onto Fusion and create a sketch of the two inner areas of my frame. Then, I right-clicked my sketch, downloaded the DXF file, and opened it in Adobe Illustrator (remember, when opening it you should open it in the 'original' size). When in the Adobe file, I first make sure the canvas is big enough to fit my sketch, and then when I ensure it's the correct size, I make a new layer. I select the middle line on the original sketch layer and move it to the new one. I select my middle line on this new layer, change its stroke thickness to 0.001, and ensure my outline has no fill. I also ensured that my rounded corners had a 0.25 tolerance (Which you must carefully check). After this, I can press print to ensure I have the correct settings. (Instructions on makerspace page). Once I press print and reach the printing popup, I check the settings and make the vector either 1/8" acrylic (for my acrylic piece) or 1/4" wood (for my backing). I also line up my outline with the material inside the laser cutter. Finally, I can autofocus the laser, select my project, and print it.
Step 6 (Adjusting acrylic and wood backing): Personally, I had a lot of issues while making my acrylic pieces and wood backings. In my first frame, I had made both the acrylic and wood backing, but both ended up being just a little bit too big for my frame. Why? Because the corners were just about 0.01 inches off. So I manually shaved off those 0.01 inches of acrylic off my piece, which made it fit tightly, but it still fits pretty well. I decided to use wood (shaver?) for my wood backing because it's more efficient.
Step 7 (Printing out pictures): To print out my pictures, I first have to set them up in Adobe. I take the sketch of my frame, which I used beforehand to cut out my acrylic and backings, then 'place' my image into the project my sketches are in. I move my picture into a separate layer from my sketch. But I'm not done yet, I can now make my stroke thickness (of my sketch) about 0.1 now; and I also make the stroke color a specific color of grey called, (insert), that I can find in the Versaworks folder (inside folders). Now, I can save my project to my computer, but make sure to make it a PDF. I then send the PDF to the maker space email, where I can reaccess it on the computer connected to the (insert). When on the computer, there's one thing I have to check before I can print. If there are moving dotted lines around my image, where my sketch line would be, I've used the right color and am ready to print.
Step 8 (Adding frame tabs): Adding the tabs to my frame was by far the easiest part of this project; I first screwed on the screws with the tabs attached to the screw as well. This is so that we can screw down the tabs and the screw at the same time. After this step, my frame is finally done.
1. In your own words describe the major steps to successfully go from a 3D Model to a CNC cut part.
In my opinion, the most important steps in successfully going from a 3D model to a CNC cut part are ensuring that your model measurements are correct and match the piece you're trying to cut. Another major step is making sure that your piece is set up exactly the way it is on your Fusion document when gluing down your piece. What I mean by this is that your piece should be horizontal or vertical BASED on your model in Fusion. And the last major steps I think are key to success, are always following the six preflight procedures before you run your job. If you don't, it could ruin the whole project.
2. What part of CAD/CAM did you find most complicated or confusing?
When designing and manufacturing on computers, Adobe was the most challenging for me personally because I had to remember all the steps and make sure everything was the right size, which was especially hard for me. After all, I didn't have my first frame's Fusion file to go off of when making the sketch, so I was essentially working backward.
3. What lessons did you learn along the way?
I learned a few lessons during this project, such as always making sure your project is saved so you won't end up losing it later, thus creating more problems. I also learned that I should always check if my corners are rounded to the exact right number because I learned through many trials and errors that if they aren't, it's one of the most time-wasting problems. (Due to all the many failed laser cuts)
4. What tools/software did you learn to use in order to create the artwork for your frames?
Before this project, I had never used Fusion, the CNC, or the wood (shaver?) before. However, to create my artwork, I had to learn how to use them. Now that I know how to use them, mostly, I'm pretty confident that I could create many other projects using these tools and software.
5. Why did you choose the artwork that you did?
I chose to put pictures into my frames because I don't have many actual picture frames, so I thought it would be nice to make a picture frame and be able to put some pictures into it.
Materials:
Plywood
Tape Measure
Gauge Tool
Spray Paint
Tape
CNC Machine
Sand Paper/Sander
1/8" Acrylic
1/4" Wood
Epilog Engraver
Roland Printer
Poster paper
Clear Coat
Backing Holders
Software:
Fusion 360
Adobe Illustrator