An HSG exam, also known as a hysterosalpingogram, is a diagnostic fertility test used to assess the anatomy and health of the fallopian tubes and uterine cavity.
Here are some reasons why you might need an HSG exam:
Infertility: HSG can help identify potential causes of infertility, such as blockages in the fallopian tubes or abnormalities in the shape of the uterus.
Recurrent miscarriage: If you have experienced recurrent miscarriages, an HSG can help identify any abnormalities in the shape or structure of the uterus that may be contributing to the problem.
Planning for fertility treatments: If you are planning to undergo fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), an HSG may be required to evaluate the health and function of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
During ovulation, one of your ovaries releases an egg that travels down one of your fallopian tubes, where the sperm and egg will meet, and fertilization can occur. Once an egg is fertilized, an embryo will develop and continue through the fallopian tubes until it reaches the uterus, where it will implant into the uterine lining.
HSG is performed routinely for patients having difficulty conceiving because it is an excellent test that can not only confirm that a woman’s fallopian tubes are open but can also evaluate whether the uterus has a normal shape. Moreover, it can check to see if there are any polyps, fibroids, or scar tissue inside the cavity. Tubal factors cause 25–35% of female infertility.
During an HSG, liquid x-ray contrast is injected into the uterus and fallopian tubes to evaluate the flow of the contrast through the reproductive system. This can aid in locating any obstructions or anomalies that might be causing fertility problems.
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