Design

Defintion of Instructional Design:

Instructional Design is a systematic and systemic process for the creation of educational resources. It is often viewed as a "problem solving" process.

Source: Dr. Eun-Ok-Baek, CSUSB Professor and Coordinator of the Instructional Design and Technology Program 

 I.D. Models 

1.  ADDIE     

Analysis - This phase is where the ID analyzes the adueinece/learner, who they are, and their needs. Gather data on the subject from documents and SMEs to help deliever effective learning materials. Understand what the problem or issue that the orgainzation or educator wants to address. In this section is also where the ID decides exactly what the learners will learn and each step for them to get to their learned outcome. 

 On top of that thein the analysis phase are where the goals or the learning objectives are created on a micro and macro scale in order for the learner to understand the material.

Design  - In this phase, the ID takes the information from the Analysis phase and uses it to focus on the learning objectives and how they will be done, along with learning activities and the tools that will be used.  These learning objectives helps guide the ID on the flow of the entire course/training from begining to end and how each objective is connected to learning the overall learning outcome. Here there should be a clear alignment between the assignments, activities and the learning objectives so that the students and ID can have a clear understanding & connection to the material.

Development - In the development phase it's where the ID takes the concept from the design and finish it. For example, writing down questions for a quiz to putting the questions into the actual quiz.  Also in this phase is where the ID tests all of their links, videos, quizs, etc to make sure that everything works correctly.  

Implemenation -  The implemenatiation phase is where the ID will let the intended audience go through the entire design and get their feedback from the entire design.

Evaluation - This is where the ID takes all the information from the implemenation stage and decides to make the changes from the feedback or not.

2. Dick & Carey

The 9 Steps of Dick & Carey

Step 1 - Identify Instructional Goals. Here we clearly define the need and also clearly explain the instructional goal based on the need. This deals with assesing the needs to identify the goals.

Step 2 - Is to construct the analysis from the assesed goals and to identify things like main steps needed to execute instructional goals along with entry behaviors needed. And this is done by doing things in a step by step process.

Step 3 - Here we take the main steps and analyze the learners and the contexts. This is done by seeing where learners skills, knowledge, abilities and attitudes are currently at. Doing an anaylsis on the learning environment is another aspect as well.  Once information is gathered will have a better grasp of the learners, the learning environement and attitudes.

Step 4 - Here the main steps are taken and made into the performance objectives. The performance objective breaks down who the targeted audience is, the learning context, and the learners' charateristics. This leads to the conditions which the learners will learn under, the skills obtained and the criteria for success.

Step 5 - Take the skills obtained and criteria for success for learners and develop assesment instruments. Instruments are developed by analyzing the performace objectives. These are done by creating tests, rubics and/or directions. These tests items that are done to see if learners have met each specific goal are conducted through pre test, tests and post tests.

Step 6 - Is Developing Instructional strategy by utilizing all the information from steps 1-5. And with all of that information place them together to the content, the learning theories that will be used and the learners characteristics. By way of going through this learner participation arises, assesment, presentation of information and follow through activities.

Step 7 - With the preinstructional activities and learner participation the development and decision of which materials are best for the learners. By following the instructional strategy then the decision of which direction is best for the learners to learn is chosen. This is leads to choosing materials such as videos, web based instruction, graphics, self paced instruction and more.

Step 8 - With instructional materials such as videos, graphics and self paced instruction the design and conducting of formative evaluation of instruction. And with that be able to make revisions. Here implementation of test of targeted group is done either individually or in groups. With the gathered data from the test revise the material. From here several data will be collected from the assesments (pre test, post tests) to the  information from the instructional trials.

Step 9 - From the environment created via the formative evaluation the design and the conducting of summative evaluation is next. Here a high level assesment is done by design anaylsis, content anaylsis and congrency. This also includes the outcomes from the field tests done on learners to see the impact on them or their environment. The final outcome is that the materials and information was effective in reaching the learners at the desired place.

INTRO TO PCOS

For this project I worked solo  and I chose this topic because PCOS has become a term that started to pop up more and more. However, not many people know what it is or what it stands for. This incited me to create an introduction into what PCOS for people. The type of learning theory that I used in this work was Constructivism. The way it was used was by seeing what the learners first new about the body and the female reproductive system. Based of their knowledge of the female repredocutive systme and terms like cyst, then they would be more capable of understanding the material that will be presented. Artifacts that was used was video editing software to dispense the information of PCOS. Google sites is where the information was housed. Also after each small information, Quizzez was used to see how much of the information they are able to recall.

Intro to PCOS (Paper)