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Content Objective: Use a microscope to identify parts of a cell and to calculate the size and magnification of cells and use this information to create scientific drawings of cells. To observe the characteristics of life in unicellular organisms.
Language Objective: Create a labeled diagram of eukaryotic cells with correct labels, titles and scale bars and determine the size of organism from drawings and pictures taken from microscopes.
Syllabus Details:
A2.2.2 - microscopy skills & calculating magnification - Students should have experience of making temporary mounts of cells and tissues, staining, measuring sizes using an eyepiece graticule, focusing with coarse and fine adjustments, calculating actual size and magnification, producing a scale bar and taking photographs.
A2.2.10 - Cell types and cell structures viewed in light and electron micrographs - Students should be able to identify cells in light or electron micrographs as prokaryote, plant or animal. In electron micrographs, students should be able to identify these structures: nucleoid region, prokaryotic cell wall, nucleus, mitochondrion, chloroplast, sap vacuole, Golgi apparatus, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, chromosomes, ribosomes, cell wall, plasma membrane and microvilli.
A2.2.11 - Drawing and annotation based on electron micrographs - Students should be able to draw and annotate diagrams of organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, sap vacuole, Golgi apparatus, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and chromosomes) as well as other cell structures (cell wall, plasma membrane, secretory vesicles and microvilli) shown in electron micrographs. Students are required to include the functions in their annotations.
A2.2.9 - Atypical cell structure in eukaryotes "Use numbers of nuclei to illustrate one type of atypical cell structure in aseptate fungal hyphae, skeletal muscle, red blood cells and phloem sieve tube elements"
A2.2.3 - developments in microscopy - Include the advantages of electron microscopy, freeze fracture, cryogenic electron microscopy, and the use of fluorescent stains and immunofluorescence in light microscopy.
Activity 1 - Types of Microscopes
General electron microscopy
cryogenic electron microscopy - Stop at "What did the laureates contribute?"
Light microscope - fluorescent stains
Light microscope - immunofluorescence
Activity 2 - Which technique to use?
Activity 3 - Microscope Work
1. Please click here for the activity
2. Enter your data here for the estimated cell size for white onion, yellow onion and elodea.
3. Practice Microscope Problems
Activity 4: Scale Bars
Calculating scale bars worksheet
Calculating scale bars notes
Answer Keys:
Magnification Problems
Scale Bar Problems
Activity 5: Atypical Cell Structures in Eukaryotes
Instructions:
Individually read about atypical cell structures in eukaryotes focusing on aseptate fungal hyphae, skeletal muscle cells, red blood cells, and phloem sieve tube elements.
In groups or individually, help construct notes on
the atypical structure of each cell type and how the number of nuclei relates to it
Discuss why these cells are considered atypical and how their structure supports their function.
Activity 6: Practice Analysing Data
Instructions: Using the data provided in activity one, create a simple data table containing length, width and volume and a graph of the average cell area of your classes white onion cells and another set of data from the google sheet (a different class, red onions, elodea).
Below is an example of a data table and a graph to help you.
Help Videos:
Activity 7: Data Analysis Assessment
Extra Help
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