Embedded Files
Lesson Objectives
Lesson Objectives
Content Objective: To determine when to use the most appropriate stat and to explain the significance of the critical value and 95% confidence intervals.
Language Objective: To create a table and paragraph describing the significance of a stat.
Syllabus Details:
determine the mode and median of a set of data, calculate and analyse standard deviation and standard error.
select statistical tests appropriate for the analysis of particular data and interpret the results.
Activites
Activites
Activity 1
Read one:
Why Statistics is Important - Minitab
How statistics is taking over sports - Adam Kucarski
Watch this:
Video: How Analytics has changed football scouting
Answer this:
Why do we use stats?
Activity 2 - Standard Deviation and Standard Error of the Mean
Read and watch these:
2. Video on Standard Deviation
3. Another explanation about standard deviation
4. Reading on Standard deviation
Do these:
4. Explain the image on the right in your own words.
5. Open this document which contains the height, the length of legs, age, gender of a previous class.
6. Figure out the standard deviation for the class for height.
Here is a video on how to do it using Google Sheets.
7. Compare the Standard Deviation for the previous class and for NBA players (click here for the data set)
8. Standard Error and 95% Confidence Explanation
9. Calculate a 95% Confidence Interval for the three groups.
Activity 3
Read this:
Watch this:
Null and Alternative Hypothesis
Do this:
Write a null and alternative hypothesis for comparing the height of NBA players and the 2019-20 class.
Activity 4
Watch this:
What is a p-value? (Stop when you get to "2. Normal Distribution")
Consider this:
What is a p-value?
(Optional) ...and how is it used and related to p-hacking?
Activity 5 - Which Stat to Use?
Watch this video:
Copy:
Stats Spreadsheet - choose the appropriate stats test and add your data. It does the heavy lifting for you! This is the only document you need to calculate stats, make sure you put your data in the green boxes only!!!
Download and Complete:
Video Instruction with an example
Stats Practice Problems - Please answer all questions.
Which Stat to Use
Activity 6 - Reporting Stats and Stats Practice - Data Analysis and Conclusion
Using the data you collected on Elodea and onion cells and this template, please analyse this data and write a conclusion in pairs.
Steps:
1. Organize your data into tables. Determine the mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
2. Graph your data and include error bars (as standard deviations or 95% CI - it's the same process). Here is a video reminder on how to use error bars on Google Sheets.
3. Determine which stat test you will use and justify why.
4. Carry out your stat test and complete the following table below, and write a paragraph justifying your use of that test stat and describing your results.
5. Write a conclusion based on your data. You do not need to provide any scientific support.
6. Please submit on Google Classroom.
Statistical Analysis - Here is what you would need to do:
H0 =
Ha =
Write a paragraph explaining your statistical analysis:
why you chose the stat test you did.
If the results are statistically significant
How do you know they are statistically significant
Explain the meaning of the results in your own words AND in relation to your lab report and your findings.
Depending on sample size, you may want to mention that sample sizes increases the chances of false positives.
An Example:
H0 = There is no significant statistical difference in HL biology scores between the group that studied 2 hours and the group that did not.
Ha = There is a significant statistical difference in HL biology scores between the group that studied 2 hours and the group that did not.
Table 1: Statistical test results between the two groups of students.
A t-test was used to look at the studying habits of two different groups of students. The t-test was appropriate as I had more than 20 data points per group and two groups of students. The stat value of 3.43 was larger than the critical value at 2.3, showing that the difference is significant at p=0.05. This means a significant difference between the two groups, suggesting that studying for at least 2 hours will increase the scores in HL biology. This experiment was done with a small sample size of ten students. It is hard to generalize this study to a larger population, and similar experiments with larger groups could give more accurate results.
Home Learning
Home Learning
A. Strengthen Your Skills
Using Standard Deviation in Biology - PDF
B. Expand Your Knowledge
How I fooled millions.... - P-hacking
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