Activating schema refers to the process of tapping into students' prior knowledge and experiences before introducing new concepts. In lesson design, this is crucial because it helps students connect what they already know to new information, making the learning experience more meaningful and effective. When students activate their schema, they can better understand and retain complex ideas by relating them to familiar contexts. This process not only enhances comprehension but also encourages critical thinking, as students begin to see patterns and relationships between different academic concepts. 

Teachers should intentionally plan for consistent, explicit vocabulary study in every lesson at every grade level.  Research confirms that students must know 95% of the words they hear and read for successful comprehension to occur.  In "high poverty" schools where student's often operate with vocabulary deficiencies, intentional vocabulary study is critical in closing achievement gaps. Intentional vocabulary study builds background knowledge, helps students build conceptual connections and ensures students can access content.