"Undergraduate students may choose to complete an internship to gain hands-on experience. The American Astronomical Society has a directory of internships for astronomy students, and the American Physical Society lists internships for physics students." ( Bureau of Labor)
People with bachelor's can qualify for different types of jobs depending on the Major they chose. For a physicist you can be a technician or a research assistant. For an Astronomy major you may qualify to be a assistant at an Observatory. Anything further along in those jobs requires a Ph.D. ( Bureau of Labor)
Lowest 10% of Astronomers earn
$56,000
Median pay for Astronomers
$127,930
Top 10% of Astronomers
$183,500
I think that the payout for going to school and getting your Ph.D is worth it as the amount of money you have the potential to make is really high.