The Yolŋu people, Indigenous Australians from northeast Arnhem Land, have a history that spans tens of thousands of years, marked by deep spiritual connection to their land and a resilience in preserving their culture despite challenges. They had pre-European contact with the Macassans, which introduced trade and cultural exchange. In the colonial period, Yolŋu resisted European encroachment and eventually played a pivotal role in Australia’s Indigenous rights movement. Yolŋu leaders and artists continue to champion their rights, with events like the annual Garma Festival celebrating and promoting Yolŋu culture.