In rust, you declare variables with the keyword "let".  Variables are implied to be immutable(values can not be changed), unless otherwise specified.  Variable types are optional, except for constants, which must have a specified type, as well as other non-primitive datatypes(vectors, etc.).   You can declare types with the :

Scope:  Within separate scopes, you can declare variables with the same name, as some entirely different, with even different datatypes.  I showcase this in my code with the variable x.  In the main function scope, it has a datatype of i32(32 bit integer), while within an inner scope of the function, it has a datatype of string.  Except for constants, no variables can have global scope, and must be defined in the scope of where you are working(function, class, etc.)