Research

2024

Lee, S. A., Mathis, A. A., Jobe, M. C., Pappalardo, E. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2024). Screening for dysfunctional Covid-19 grief: A replication and extension. Bereavement: Journal of Grief and Responses to Death, 3, 1-10.  https://www.bereavementjournal.org/index.php/bcj/article/view/1117/1159

Park, C. H., Yoo, S., Ahmed, O., Chung, S., & Lee, S. A. (2024). Validation of the Pandemic Grief Risk Factors and its relationship with work-related stress and grief reaction among healthcare workers who witnessed patient deaths. Journal of Korean Medical Sciences, 39, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e102

Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Baños-Chaparro, J., Ventura-León, J., Lee, S. A., Vilca, L. W., Carbajal-León, C., Yupanqui-Lorenzo, D. E., Valencia, P. D., Reyes-Bossio, M., Oré-Kovacs, N., Rojas-Jara, C., Gallegos, M., Polanco-Carrasco, R., Cervigni, M., Martino, P., Lobos-Rivera, M. E., Moreta-Herrera, R., Palacios Segura, D. A., Samaniego-Pinho, A., … Hualparuca-Olivera, L. (2024). Pandemic grief and suicidal ideation in Latin American countries: A network analysis. Psychological Reports. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241231209

2023

Neimeyer, R. A., Breen, L. J. & Lee, S. A. (2023). Pandemic grief and complications in bereavement:  From research evidence to clinical relevance.  Etudes sur la Mort. https://doi.org/10.3917/eslm.159.0015

Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Ventura-León, J., Sánchez Carlessi, H. H., Reyes Romero, C., Matos Ramírez, P., Lee, S. A., Barrios, I., Torales, J., Vilca, L. W., Carbajal-León, C., & Hualparuca-Olivera, L. (2023). Network structure of bereavement functional impairment symptoms measured by the Grief Impairment Scale in a Peruvian sample. Illness, Crisis & Loss. https://doi.org/10.1177/10541373231191245

Lee, S. A., & Gibbons, J. A. (2023). Psychometric analysis of the mass shootings worry inventory. Journal of Clinical and Basic Psychosomatics. https://accscience.com/journal/JCBP/1/1/10.36922/jcbp.0546

Lee, S. A. (2023). Mass Shootings Anxiety Scale: A preliminary psychometric study. Death Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2023.2214889

Lobos-Rivera, M. E., Marroquín-Carpio, W. C., Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Lee, S. A., Tejada Rodríguez, J. C., Flores-Monterrosa, A. N., Valencia, P. D., Carbajal-León, C., Vilca, L. W., Torales, J., & Reyes-Bossio, M. (2023). Does the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale measure coronaphobia the same way for mourners with and without dysfunctional grief? Illness, Crisis & Loss. https://doi.org/10.1177/10541373231174557

Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Lee, S. A., Vilca, L. W., Lobos-Rivera, M. E., Flores-Monterrosa, A. N., Tejada Rodríguez, J. C., Chacón-Andrade, E. R., Marroquín-Carpio, W. C., Carbajal-León, C., Reyes-Bossio, M., Delgado-Campusano, M., & Torales, J. (2023). A psychometric analysis of the Spanish version of the Grief Impairment Scale: A screening tool of biopsychosocial grief-related functional impairment in a Salvadoran Sample. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying. https://doi.org/10.1177/00302228231175383

Kim, J. H., Park, C. H. K., Ahmed, O., Hong, Y., Chung, S., Park, J. & Lee, S. A. (2023) Validation of the healthcare workers’ version of the Pandemic Grief Scale among frontline nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1121546

Lobos‑Rivera, M. E., Flores‑Monterrosa, A. N., Tejada‑Rodríguez, J. C., Chacón‑Andrade, E. R., Caycho‑Rodríguez, T., Lee, S. A., Valencia, P. D., Carbajal‑León, C., Vilca, L. W., Reyes‑Bossio, M., & Gallegos, M. (2023). Pandemic grief in El Salvador: Factors that predict dysfunctional grief due to a COVID-19 death among Salvadoran adults. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 36(9), 1-11.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00250-6

Lee, S. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2023) Grief Impairment Scale: A biopsychosocial measure of grief-related functional impairment. Death Studies, 47(5), 519-530. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2022.2113605

Lee, S. A., & Bottomley, J. S. (2023). Personality and grief-related panic attacks: Analysis of neuroticism, worry, and anxiety sensitivity. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 86(3), 849–861. https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222821992192

2022

Gibbons, J. A., Lee, S. A., Harris, K. D., Friedmann, E. D., Rocha, G. R., & Traversa, M. J. (2022). Red state, blue state, purple state; Higher and increasing blue COVID-19 anxiety rate. Psychological Reports. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941221146705

Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Lee, S. A., Vilca, L. W., Carbajal-León, C., Reyes-Bossio, M., Delgado-Campusano, M., Gallegos, M., Carranza Esteban, R., & Noe-Grijalva, M. (2022). Measurement of risk factors associated with bereavement severity and deterioration by COVID-19: A Spanish validation study of the Pandemic Grief Risk Factors. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying. https://doi.org/10.1177/00302228221124987

Breen, L. J., Lee, S. A., Mancini, V. O., Willis, M., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2022): Grief and functional impairment following COVID-19 loss in a treatment-seeking sample: The mediating role of meaning. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling.  https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2022.2075540

Lee, S. A., Neimeyer, R. A., Mancini, V. O., & Breen, L. J.  (2022). Unfinished business and self-blaming emotions among those bereaved by a COVID-19 death [Special Issue: Complications in bereavement]. Death Studies, 46(6), 1297-1306. Death Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2022.2067640

Ashraf, F., Lee, S. A., Jobe, M. C., Mathis, A. A., & Kanwal, T. (2022). Bereavement in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: Psychometric analysis of the Pandemic Grief Scale-Urdu Version (PGS-UV) [Special Issue: Complications in bereavement]. Death Studies, 46(6), 1465-1471. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2022.2048197

Lee, S. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2022). Does fear mediate the neuroticism-psychopathology link for adults living through the COVID-19 pandemic? Clinical Medicine Insights: Psychiatry, 13, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F11795573211069912

Lee, S. A., Gibbons, J. A. & Bottomley, J. S. (2022). Spirituality influences emotion regulation during grief talk: The moderating role of prolonged grief symptomatology. Journal of Religion and Health, 61, 4923–4933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01450-z

Skalski, S., Konaszewski, K., Dobrakowski, P., Surzykiewicz, J., & Lee, S. A. (2022). Pandemic grief in Poland: Adaptation of a measure and its relationship with social support and resilience. Current Psychology, 41, 7393–7401. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-021-01731-6

Lee, S. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2022). Pandemic Grief Scale: A screening tool for dysfunctional grief due to a COVID-19 Loss. Death Studies, 46(1), 14-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1853885

Mora-Magana, I., Lee, S. A., Maldonado-Castellanos, I., Jimenez-Gutierrez, C., Mendez-Venegas, J., Maya-Del-Moral, A., Rosas-Muniveg, M. D., Mathis, A. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2022). Coronaphobia among healthcare professionals in Mexico: A psychometric analysis. Death Studies, 46(2), 280-289. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1808762

Ashraf, F., Lee, S. A., & Crunk, A. E. (2022). Factorial validity of the Urdu version of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale: Preliminary investigation using a university sample in Pakistan [Special Issue: Psychological impacts of COVID-19: International perspectives]. Death Studies, 46(5), 1059-1064. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07481187.2020.1779436

Milman, E., Lee, S. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2022). Social isolation and the mitigation of coronavirus anxiety:  The mediating role of meaning [Special Issue: Loss and grief in the Covid-19 pandemic]. Death Studies. 46(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1775362

Ahmed, O., Faisal, R. A., Sharker, T., Lee, S. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2022). Adaptation of the Bangla version of the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20, 284–295. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11469-020-00357-2

Lee, S. A., Jobe, M. C., Mathis, A. A., & Gibbons, J. A. (2022) Persistent complex bereavement disorder symptoms predict grief interview emotions. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 84(3), 856–869. https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222820919013

Neimeyer, R. A., & Lee, S. A. (2022). Circumstances of the death and associated risk factors for severity and impairment of COVID-19 grief [Special Issue: Loss and grief in the COVID-19 pandemic]. Death Studies, 46(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2021.1896459

2021

Abasi, I., Fard, A. S., Farzin, A., Lee, S. A., Arani, A. M., & Poursharifi, H. (2021). Properties of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in Iranian population. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 15(4), 1-8.  https://sites.kowsarpub.com/ijpbs/articles/112707.html

Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Valencia, P. D., Vilca, L. W., Lee, S. A., Carbajal-León, C., Vivanco-Vidal, A., Saroli-Araníbar, D., Reyes-Bossio, M., White, M., Rojas-Jara, C., Polanco-Carrasco, R., Gallegos, M., Cervigni, M., Martino, P., Palacios, D. A., Moreta-Herrera, R., Samaniego-Pinho, A., Rivera, M. E. L., Figares, A. B., … Gallegos, W. L. A. (2021). COVID-19 Bereavement in ten Latin American countries: Measurement invariance of the Pandemic Grief Scale and its relation to suicidal ideation. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/00302228211048566

Lee, A., Lee, J., Yoo, S., Suh, S., Chung, S., & Lee, S. A. (2021). The psychometric properties of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items: A test in the U.S. general population. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 1-7. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.746244

Breen, L. J., Mancini, V. O., Lee, S. A., Pappalardo, E. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2021). Risk factors for dysfunctional grief and functional impairment for all causes of death during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of meaning. Death Studies, 46(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2021.1974666

Caycho‑Rodríguez, T., Vilca, L. W., Vivanco‑Vidal, A., Saroli‑Araníbar, D., Carbajal‑León, C., Arias Gallegos, W. L., White, M., & Lee, S. A. (2021). Assessment of dysfunctional grief due to death from COVID-19 in Peru: Adaptation and validation of a Spanish version of the Pandemic Grief Scale. Trends in Psychology, 29, 595–616. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-021-00091-1

Vinaccia, S., Bahamón, M. J., Trejos-Herrera, A. M., Lee, S. A., Quiceno, J. M., Gómez, C. A., DoLugar, S. V., & Pelaez, E. C. (2022) Validating the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in a Colombian sample. Death Studies, 46(10), 2366-2375. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2021.1944401

Lee, S. A., Neimeyer, R. A., & Breen, L. J. (2021). The utility of the Pandemic Grief Scale in identifying functional impairment from COVID-19 bereavement. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 24(12), 1783-1788. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2021.0103

Breen, L. J., Lee, S. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2021). Psychological risk factors of functional impairment following COVID-19 deaths. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 61(4), 1-4. https://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885-3924(21)00011-7/fulltext

Gibbons, J. A., Lee, S. A., Fernandez, L. P., Friedmann, E. E., Harris, K. D., Brown, H. E., & Prohaska, R. D. (2021). The fading affect bias (FAB) is strongest for Jews and Buddhists and weakest for participants without religious affiliations: An exploratory analysis. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 9(3), 350-362. https://wjarr.com/content/fading-affect-bias-fab-strongest-jews-and-buddhists-and-weakest-participants-without

Andrade, E. F., Pereira, L. J., Orlando, D. R., Peixoto, M. F., Lee, S. A., & Castelo, P. (2021). Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (BP-OCS) using a large university sample in Brazil [Special Issue: Psychological impacts of COVID-19: International perspectives].  Death Studies, 46(5), 1073-1079. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07481187.2021.1879319?src=

Padovan-Neto, F. E., Lee, S. A., Guimaraes, R. P., Godoy, L. D., Costa, H. B., Zerbini, F. L., & Fukusima, S. S. (2021). Brazilian adaptation of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A psychometric investigation of a measure of coronaphobia. OMEGA – Journal of Death and Dying, 86(3), 769–787. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0030222821991325

Lee, S. A., Mathis, A. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2021). How are worriers particularly sensitive to grief? Tonic immobility as a mediating factor [Special Issue: Living with loss]. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 49(6), 845-852. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2020.1772462

2020

Milman, E., Lee, S. A., Neimeyer, R. A., Mathis, A. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2020). Modeling pandemic depression and anxiety: The mediational role of core beliefs and meaning making. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 2, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2020.100023

Lee, S. A. (2020). How much “Thinking” about COVID-19 is clinically dysfunctional? Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 97-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.067

Lee, S. A., Jobe, M. C., Mathis, A. A., Gibbons, J. A. (2020). Incremental validity of coronaphobia: Coronavirus anxiety explains depression, generalized anxiety, and death anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 74, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102268

Choi, E., Lee, J., & Lee, S. A. (2020). Validation of the Korean version of the Obsession with COVID-19 scale and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Death Studies, 46(3), 608-614. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07481187.2020.1833383

Lee, S. A., Mathis, A. A., Jobe, M. C., & Pappalardo, E. A. (2020). Clinically significant fear and anxiety of COVID-19: A psychometric examination of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Psychiatry Research, 290, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113112

Lee, S. A., & Crunk, E. A. (2020). Fear and psychopathology during the COVID-19 crisis: Neuroticism, hypochondriasis, reassurance-seeking, and coronaphobia as fear factors. OMEGA – Journal of Death and Dying, 85(2), 483–496. https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222820949350

Milman, E., Lee, S. A., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2020). Social isolation as a means of reducing dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety and increasing psychoneuroimmunity. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 138-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.007

Lee, S. A. (2020). Measuring coronaphobia: The psychological basis of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 33(2), 107-108. https://dx.doi.org/10.14744/DAJPNS.2020.00069

Lee, S. A. (2020). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Studies, 44(7), 393-401. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481

Lee, S. A., Jobe, M. C., & Mathis, A. A. (2020). Mental health characteristics associated with dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety. Psychological Medicine, 51(8), 1403-1404. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000121X

Lee, S. A. (2020). Replication analysis of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 33(2), 203-205. https://dx.doi.org/10.14744/DAJPNS.2020.00079 

Lee, S. A. (2020). Does the DSM-5 grief disorder apply to owners of deceased pets? A psychometric study of impairment during pet loss. Psychiatry Research, 285, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112800

2019

Cartwright, K. B., Lee, S. A., Taboada Barber, A., DeWyngaert, L. U., Lane, A. B., & Singleton, T. (2019). Contribution of executive function and intrinsic motivation to university students’ reading comprehension. Reading Research Quarterly, 55(3), 333-533. https://ila.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rrq.273

Gibbons, J., & Lee, S. A. (2019). Rehearsal partially mediated the negative relations of the fading affect bias with depression, anxiety, and stress. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(4), 693-701. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3538

Lee, S. A. (2019). The Dark Tetrad and callous reactions to mourner grief: Patterns of annoyance, boredom, entitlement, schadenfreude, and humor. Personality and Individual Differences, 137(15), 97-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.08.019

2018

Lee, S. A. (2018). Persistent complex bereavement symptoms explain impairments above depression, posttraumatic stress, and separation anxiety: An incremental validity study. Death Studies, 43(10), 634-638. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2018.1509909

Gibbons, J. A., Lee, S. A., Fehr, A. M. A., Wilson, K., & Marshall, T. (2018). Grief and avoidant death attitudes combine to predict the Fading Affect Bias. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(8), 1736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081736

Lee, S. A. (2018). Factorial structure of the persistent complex bereavement inventory: Testing a hierarchical factor model. Death Studies, 42(6), 356-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2017.1348402

2017

Lee, S. A., Pearce, B. P., Bledsoe, S., & Gibbons, J. A. (2017). Spiritual struggles and compassion: the positive side of moral concerns. Mental Health Religion and Culture, 20(10), 1068-1073. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2018.1443323

Lee, S. A., Murphy, C. L. & Taylor, V. M. (2017). Psychological experiences associated with robotic chair massage: A pilot study. Psychological Studies, 62, 196–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-017-0404-z

Lee, S. A., & Gibbons, J. A. (2017). The Dark Triad and compassion: Psychopathy and narcissism's unique connections to observed suffering. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 336-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.05.010

2016

Lee, S. A., Callan, S. M., & Gibbons, J. A. (2016). School and religious factors impact the neuroticism-grief link in adolescents. Death Studies, 40(10), 601-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2016.1198843

Gibbons, J. A., Fehr, A. M. A., Brantley, C. J., Wilson, K. J., Lee, S. A., & Walker, R. W. (2016). Testing the fading affect bias for healthy coping in the context of death. Death Studies, 40(8), 513-527. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2016.1186760

2015

Gibbons, J. A., Hartzler, J. K., Hartzler, A. W., Lee, S. A., & Walker, R. W. (2015). The Fading Affect Bias shows general but not specific healthy coping for religious variables across religious and non-religious events. Consciousness and Cognition, 36, 265-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2015.07.004

Lee, S. A. (2015). Religion and pet loss: Afterlife beliefs, religious coping, prayer and their associations with sorrow. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 44(1), 123-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2015.1043236

Lee, S. A. (2015). The Persistent Complex Bereavement Inventory: A measure based on the DSM-5. Death Studies, 39(7), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2015.1029144

Lee, S. A., Rice, K., Callan, S. M., Brame, B. M., & Lee, C. A. (2015). Temperament and depressive symptoms in at-risk children: Aggression and learning problems as mediating factors. Personality and Individual Differences, 87, 35-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.018

Lee, S. A., Gibbons, J. A., Hartzler, J. K., & Hartzler, A. (2015). Negative religious coping and emotional distress:  Examining the influences of religiousness, fading affect, and neuroticism. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion, 11(7), 1-22. https://www.religjournal.com/pdf/ijrr11007.pdf

2014

Lee, S. A., Feudo, A., & Gibbons, J. A. (2014). Grief among near-death experiencers: Pathways through religion and meaning. Mental Health, Religion, & Culture, 17(9), 877-885. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2014.936846

2013

Gibbons, J. A., Toscano, A., Kofron, S., Rothwell, C., Lee, S. A., Ritchie, T. D., & Walker, W. R. (2013). The fading affect bias across alcohol consumption frequency for alcohol related and non-alcohol related events. Consciousness and Cognition, 22(4), 1340-1351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2013.09.004

Lee, S. A., Piotrowski, J. P., Rozycka, J., & Zemojtel-Piotrowska, M. (2013). Associations between death fascination, death anxiety and religion among Polish college students. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 44(4), 439-448. https://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/114719/edition/99772/content

Lee, S. A., Yeh, R., & Surething, N. A. (2013). Neuroticism and depressive symptomatology: The mediating influence of college student floccinaucinihilipilification. Journal of College Counseling, 16(2), 115-128. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2013.00031.x

Lee, S. A., Reid, C. A., Short, S. D., Gibbons, J. A., Yeh, R., & Campbell, M. L. (2013). Fear of Muslims: Psychometric evaluation of the Islamophobia Scale. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 5(3), 157–171. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032117

Lee, S. A., & Surething, N. A. (2013). Neuroticism and religious coping uniquely predict distress severity among bereaved pet owners. Anthrozoös, 26(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.2752/175303713X13534238631470

Lee, S. A., Roberts, L. B., & Gibbons, J. A. (2013). When religion makes grief worse: Negative religious coping as associated with maladaptive emotional responding patterns. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 16(3), 291–305. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2012.659242

2012

Lee, S. A., & Quarles, L. (2012). Who feels sorry for roosters used in cockfighting? Examining the influence of feelings, belief in animal mind, personality and empathy-related traits. Society & Animals: Journal of Human-Animal Studies, 20, 1-15. https://www.animalsandsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/lee.pdf

2011

Lee, S. A., & Dow, G. T. (2011). Malevolent creativity: Does personality influence malicious divergent thinking? Creativity Research Journal, 23(2), 73-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2011.571179

Lee, S. A., & Guajardo, N. R. (2011). Affect intensity and alexithymia differentially influence the relationship between neuroticism and depressive symptomatology among college students. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(5), 646–650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.11.036

2010

Gibbons, J. A., Lee, S. A., & Walker, W. R. (2010). The Fading Affect Bias begins within 12 hours and persists for 3-months. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25(4), 663-672. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1738

Campbell, M. L., Lee, S. A., & Cothran, D. L. (2010). Mysticism matters: Distinguishing between intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, and spirituality using higher-order factors of personality and mysticism. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 32(2), 195–216. https://doi.org/10.1163/157361210X5026011

Lee, S. A., Guajardo, N. R., Short, S. D., & King, W. (2010). Individual differences in ocular level empathic accuracy ability: The predictive power of fantasy empathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(1), 68–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.016

Lee, S. A., Gibbons, J. A., & Short, S. D. (2010). Sympathetic reactions to the bait dog in a film of dog fighting: The influence of personality and gender. Society & Animals: Journal of Human-Animal Studies, 18(2), 107–125. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853010X491971

2009

Lee, S. A. (2009). Measuring individual differences in trait sympathy: Instrument construction and validation. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91(6), 568-583. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890903228620

Lee, S. A. (2009). Does empathy mediate the relationship between neuroticism and depressive symptomatology among college students? Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 429–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.04.020

Lee, S. A., Gibbons, J. A., Thompson, J. M., & Timani, H. S. (2009). The Islamophobia Scale: Instrument development and initial validation. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 19(2), 92-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508610802711137

Before 2009

Nelson, K. R., Mattingly, M., Lee, S. A., & Schmitt, F. A. (2006). Reply to Greyson and Long. Neurology, 67(7), 2265. https://n.neurology.org/content/reply-authors-337

Nelson, K. R., Mattingly, M., Lee, S. A., & Schmitt, F. A. (2006). Does the arousal system contribute to near death experience? Neurology, 66(7), 1003-1009. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000204296.15607.37

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Grief Measures

• Grief Impairment Scale – a brief and flexible measure of grief-related impairments based on the biopsychosocial model of health. 

• Pandemic Grief Scale – a screening tool to assess dysfunctional grief associated with a COVID-19 death.

• Grief-Related Panic Attacks – a measure of grief-related panic attacks. 

• Persistent Complex Bereavement Inventory – a measure of the DSM-5’s proposal for a grief disorder.  

Empathy-Related Measures

• Trait Sympathy Scales – a tripartite measure of an individual’s tendency to experience feelings of sorrow or concern for the suffering of others.

• Empathy-Related States Scales – state-level measures of cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and compassion.

Anxiety Measures

• Mass Shootings Anxiety Scale – a five-item long screening tool to assess dysfunctional anxiety associated with mass shootings. 

• Mass Shootings Worry Inventory – a two-item long screening tool to assess dysfunctional anxiety associated with mass shootings. 

• Coronavirus Anxiety Scale – a screening tool to assess physiological expressions of dysfunctional anxiety associated with the coronavirus. 

• Obsession with COVID-19 Scale – a screening tool to assess persistent and disturbed thinking about COVID-19.

• Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale – a screening tool to assess reassurance-seeking behaviors associated with concerns over coronavirus infection. 

Other Measures

• Islamophobia Scale – A two-component measure of Islamophobia. 

• Flocci Scale – A tripartite measure of floccinaucinihilipilification.