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As part of our water purification workshop, we conducted experiments to analyze water quality and contamination. First, we measured the pH of the water using test strips to determine whether it was acidic, neutral, or alkaline, as extreme pH levels can indicate pollution. We also tested for nitrates and nitrites, which often come from agricultural runoff and industrial waste, using reagent strips that changed color based on their concentration. 

Additionally, we examined microorganisms in the water with magnifying glasses and identification charts, identifying bacteria, protozoa, and algae. These experiments allowed us to understand how different contaminants affect water safety and reinforced the importance of purification methods. 

Leonardo’s work on canals and water distribution had a long-lasting impact on Milan’s infrastructure. Many of his concepts in hydraulic engineering influenced future engineers, and some of his designs are still relevant today. His Mitre Lock system became a standard feature in canal construction worldwide, proving his genius in both art and engineering. 

• Leonardo improved the Naviglio Grande and other canals, optimizing their structure to allow boats to travel more efficiently.

• He designed a system of locks with gates, known as the "Mitre Gates", which are still used in modern canal systems today. This innovation helped regulate water levels and made navigation smoother.

• He conducted extensive studies on fluid dynamics and water movement, recording his findings in detailed drawings and notes in the Codex Atlanticus.

• His observations helped improve water management, irrigation, and flood prevention techniques in Milan.

• Leonardo envisioned an advanced underground water supply system for Milan, with cleaner water distribution and efficient waste removal to improve public health. 

Samuele Venturini, biologist and academic researcher, explained us the ecosystem around the channels and irrigation ditches. During our guided walking tour along the ditches and canals of Buccinasco, we learned about the diverse ecosystem that thrives around these waterways. We observed a variety of insects and animals that depend on the water for survival, including dragonflies, water striders, and mayflies, which are important indicators of water quality. We also saw amphibians like frogs and toads, which rely on the canals for breeding, as well as birds such as herons and ducks that feed on small fish and aquatic creatures. 

Our guide explained how these species interact within the ecosystem and how the health of the water directly affects their survival. We also discussed the impact of human activity, pollution, and climate change on these habitats. Through this experience, we gained a deeper appreciation for the biodiversity of Buccinasco’s waterways and the importance of preserving them for future generations.