The beatification is a title that is given by the Catholic Church to someone who, during his life, has followed Jesus steps. By giving this title, the person is considered a saint.
Those people who have been beatificated have achieved this by making a miracle. This event needs to be investigated by the institutions of the Church so they can prove that it is true. Through Baptism we all become saints, but then we tend to lose this title by doing bad actions or having bad thoughts during our lives.
The beatification is done by the congregation that manages these cases in the name of God.
It is not something common because, as you might know, a person receives beatification from the most important person of the Catholic Church, the Pope, and it also needs to be approved by the most important institutions of the Church.
It usually takes more than six years to receive beatifications. It is a slow process that, as it has been said before, can take several years and it does not happen immediately after the person dies.
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