3 Parallel IR Sensors and IR LEDs
IR light is continuously output from the LED and is detected by the IR sensor after reflecting off a surface
The intensity of light changes if surface is white (maximum reflection) or black (minimum reflection)
Potentiometer is used to adjust the sensitivity of the sensors
TCS34725 Data Sheet: cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/TCS34725.pdf
Red, Green, Blue and Clear Light Sensor with IR Blocking Filter
3 x 4 photodiode array that converts current into 16 bit digital output
Intensity for each Color is digitized and converted to a number between 0 (no light) and 65536 (saturated sensor)