Adolescence is a critical time for developing ethnic identity, serving as a protective factor for ethnic minority youth. Despite the benefits of fostering a healthy ethnic identity, U.S. churches have been slow to address this need, as most curricula overlook the challenges faced by youth of color. This disconnect can lead to minority adolescents feeling estranged from their faith. This project aims to create a curriculum for ethnic minority and multiethnic adolescents, using Scriptural models to guide their identity development. Lessons will focus on bicultural and multicultural Bible characters, helping youth connect their spiritual and ethnic identities as part of God’s plan.
Helping adolescents develop a healthy ethnic-racial identity grounded on the Bible.
Facilitate conversations within the church about ethic-racial identity; specifically within youth groups, Bible studies, camps, conferences, spiritual retreats, Christian schools, Sunday school, family devotions, ect.
Examine how God uses racial-ethnic identities to accomplish His purpose by studying Bible characters
Emphasize how immigrant experiences and cultural identities are a part of God's plan and higher purposes
Ethnic identity is crucial for mental health and spiritual maturity
Ethnic identity is an integral part of one's self-concept
Adolescence is a crucial time to develop a healthy ethnic-racial identity
To show the relevance of the Bible in adolescent lives as ethnic minorities
To develop effective leaders in a multicultural world
To preserve the current and future generations of adolescents in the church
Bridge the gap between ethnic-racial identity and Biblical identity
Psychological studies show the following benefits for adolescents with a healthy ethnic-racial identity:
Positive self-concept
Psychological well-being
Resilience
Strong cultural connection with adult generations
Healthy interpersonal relationships
Empowerment and activism
High academic achievements
Better physical and mental health
Cultural competence
Healthy identity integration
Greater participation in the church and community
Improved conflict resolution skills
Pride and appreciation of one's culture
This curriculum has been developed in the Culture and Social Development labratory at Biola University. This psychological labratory is directed by Dr. Oscar Baldelomar (Rosemead School of Psychology), in collaboration with Dr. Carmen Imes (Talbot School of Theology). The lab is composed of a multicultural team of undergraduate and graduate Christian students.
The curriculum is comprised by 16 lessons, each with its own set of activities, objectives, and goals. A general layout of the curriculum is described below:
Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction
God uses people’s cultural identities, experiences,
skills, and perspectives.
PART 1:
Stories of immigrants and refugees
Chapter 2: Jesus and the gentile woman
As an infant, Jesus’ parents became refugees in
Egypt, fleeing from Herod.
Chapter 3: Abraham and Hagar
God called Abraham to immigrate to Canaan, and
during a famine went to Egypt.
Chapter 4: Joseph and Judah
Trafficked to Egypt and enslaved, God raised
Joseph up to save his family.
Chapter 5: Ruth and Rahab
Canaanite/Moabite refugee women who
experienced God’s favor.
PART 2:
Stories of bicultural identities
Chapter 6: Daniel and Ebed-Melek
First-generation immigrant who learned to
live and work in a foreign culture.
Chapter 7: Esther and Mordecai
Bicultural, third-generation immigrant.
God used her position to save the nation.
Chapter 8: Paul
God used Paul’s bicultural identity and skills
in his cross-cultural ministry.
PART 3:
Mixed ethnicities & third-culture identities
Chapter 9:
Timothy and Lydia
Paul’s co-workers. Timothy’s mixed ethnicity
(Greek father, Jewish mother) was key in his ministry.
Chapter 10: Ephraim and Manasseh
Hebrew/Egyptian sons of Joseph, adopted as
full-fledged tribes of Israel.
Chapter 11: Moses
God used Moses’ hybrid identity
(Hebrew/Egyptian/Midianite) to lead his people.
Chapter 12: Zipporah and Jethro
Moses’ Midianite wife showed skill in navigating
cross-cultural/religious issues.
PART 4:
Stories of cultural perspectives
Chapter 13: Jonah & Naaman’s servant girl
Ethnocentric, nationalistic Israelite who God challenges to
develop a heart like his. The Jewish servant girl in 2 Kings 5
advocates for her foreign master’s healing.
Chapter 14: Ezra & Nehemiah
Bicultural, third-generation immigrants returning
to their ancestral homeland.
Chapter 15: Stephen
Hellenistic Jew whose sermon highlights
God's presence outside the Holy land.
Chapter 16: Philip & Peter
Philip’s pioneering gentile ministry;
Peter’s divine vision for non-Jewish converts.
Chapter 17: Luke
His cultural perspective informed his writings
emphasizing gentile inclusion.
Conclusion
Chapter 18: Magi
Review of curriculum themes, ending with
multicultural worship (Rev 7:9).
Appendices
Appendix A: Human identity according to Scripture
Human identity according to Scripture.
Appendix B: The Bible storyline overview
Summary overview of the stories presented in the
curriculum in chronological order.
Appendix C: How to have conversations about difficult topics
A guide for parents, teachers, and youth leaders about best
practices on how to talk about ethnic and racial issues with young people.
Glossary
Glossary of key terms
Definition of key terms about ethnic-racial identity development.
Dr. Oscar Baldelomar
Rosemead School of Psychology, Biola University
(562)903-4867