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Aim
Aim
To investigate the relative rates of hydrolysis of primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes and of chloro-, bromo-, and iodoalkanes
To investigate the relative rates of hydrolysis of primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes and of chloro-, bromo-, and iodoalkanes
A. Report & Analyse of Results
A. Report & Analyse of Results
Record your results for Part 1 and Part 2 in a suitable way.
Things to consider CPAC 4b
Things to consider CPAC 4b
CPAC 4b - Obtains accurate, precise and sufficient data for experimental and investigative procedures and records this methodically using appropriate units and conventions.
Tabulate or organise results
Data recorded includes units
Be consistent with units and dp's and zeros
2. Describe the pattern shown in Part 1?
3. Describe the pattern shown in Part 2?
B. Evaluate your report by answering the questions
B. Evaluate your report by answering the questions
1. Write an equation for the reaction of 1-bromobutane with water.
2. In these reactions a precipitate forms. Identify the precipitate formed when the halogenoalkane is 1-iodobutane.
3. Explain why ethanol is used in these reactions.
4. Explain why water is able to act as a nucleophile.
5. Explain why water is used as the nucleophile rather than hydroxide ions?
6. Draw skeletal formulae for each of the halogenoalkanes used in this investigation (there are 5 of them). Classify each halogenoalkane as primary, secondary or tertiary
Learning Tip
Learning Tip
The hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes is a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
In this investigation the nucleophile is water.
If NaOH is used to hydrolyse the halogenoalkanes, then any excess NaOH has to be neutralised by HNO3 before adding AgNO3.
Math skills that you will require
Math skills that you will require
● Use ratios to construct and balance equations
C. Evaluate your Practical by Completing the Form - so you know where you should aim to make improvements in future
C. Evaluate your Practical by Completing the Form - so you know where you should aim to make improvements in future
Required Resources
Required Resources
Core Practical 4 Student Evaluation.docxAS-and-A-level-Chemistry-Core-Practical-4-Student Worksheets.docxConsult CLEAPSS Hazcards® 44A,44B,87. Perform a risk assessment using up-to-date information before this practical is carried out
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