The Influence of Shonen vs. Shojo Anime
By: Sophia Culbertson
By: Sophia Culbertson
Quick Definitions!
Shojo or Shoujo is anime targeted towards adolescent girls and young adult women. This genre explores romantic themes, whether with a male character present or without. It covers friendship, love, affection, and intense emotions or feelings. This theme began to appear in Japan during the Meiji Era, where magazines aimed towards teenagers began to be produced, but mostly had boy themes. Though it was claimed to be a unisex theme, girls began to demand more comics targeted towards them. These magazines appeared in stores and were left on trains, where teenagers could read them on their own time for entertainment.
Shonen or Shounen is anime that's targeted towards adolescent boys and young adult men. This genre explores themes where male characters are fighters, covering topics about friendship, victory, and perseverance. This theme is said to have first appeared in a magazine called Shonen Sekai, which was said to be for both boys and girls, but the information covered in it was more relatable to boys. Along with the Meiji Era, when magazines were starting to aim towards teenagers, they began with boy-like comics. Accessible in stores and trains, where kids could have a quick read of an action-packed manga.
The Influence of Shonen vs. Shojo Anime
Two key questions...
How are women portrayed in Shojo and Shonen anime? How does it affect watchers and how they view themselves and others?
How are young female characters portrayed in Shonen anime? Are young characters highly sexualized?
How are women portrayed in Shojo and Shonen anime?
A website provides countless choices of anime that are considered and listed as Shojo.
Website: https://myanimelist.net/anime/genre/25/Shoujo
Each anime gets a label, focusing on the demographic label. Shojo is aimed at adolescent girls. I picked out four different ones on this website. When looking up Shojo on this website, there are 514 results. So these four may not set the whole theme for the other 510, but they share the common theme of femininity and romance. How the female characters are portrayed and dressed, and what the anime is about, depict how they act.
Maid Sama!
The main character, Misaki Ayuzawa, is the female student council president at a predominantly male institution. This detail pokes at romance because of the high male appearance. She has a secret about working at a maid cafe, which one of the male characters, Takumi Usui, discovers and teases her about. This creates a form of superiority where her secret has been exposed to Takumi, who now has control over her. She dressed in a maid outfit, which is deemed a fetish and possibly sexual. Misaki has to protect her secret, so she needs to give herself to Takumi, where she is inferior to him.
Kiss Him, Not Me!
The main character, Kae Serinuma, is obsessed with boy love and fantasizes about her male classmates falling for each other. With this information alone, it's obvious this is a romance anime and should have plenty of romantic scenes. Four male boys are obsessed with her after she loses weight. She was initially overweight but lost weight due to a quick one-week depression because of her favorite character in a show dying. This is a concerning theme to show young girls, making them think boys will only like them if they are skinny. Along with assuming depression is positive because it will make them slim. She dressed in the typical school uniform, something that is also deemed as a fetish and attractive to some watchers.
Say "I Love You."
The main character, Mei Tachibana, falls in love with Yamato Kurosawa. This is a typical love story. Mei is super shy and rarely interacts with others because of an incident in grade school. Yamato finds her intriguing and pushes to become her friend. They slowly grow closer, even if Mei is pushing him away. Suddenly, a situation brings them close, and they begin their love story. Mei's shyness and awkwardness can be seen through her school uniform; the skirt is long, and the shirt is regular. This is the typical shojo theme of romance, which puts situations into viewers’ heads.
Sailor Moon
Sailor Moon is a name plenty of people know and are aware of—the magic girl theme, and it being for the Shojo demographic towards young girls. Usagi Tsukino saves a cat with a crescent moon on its head, which is why she is destined to become Sailor Moon. This one lacks the strong romance theme of the last three, but gives girls the superiority mindset back. Sailor Moon is meant to protect the Earth, which makes girls feel empowered and heroic. While this anime is much different from the other three, it comes down to how she dresses. The skirt is relatively short and unnecessary for the plot. Lacking any tights or such to give her a more innocent look. This gives young girls an idea of how to dress and what to be like Sailor Moon.
Summary
Within these quick definitions of these four anime, I make points about possible forms of sexualization of the female characters and how it may affect young viewers. How the characters are dressed also affects how the female character is portrayed. It also makes young adolescents want to dress like these characters, thinking they must dress a certain way to gain male attention. The four I picked out, three of them are romance-related and have other different pieces that affect the idea towards viewers. Even though Sailor Moon focuses more on the connection between girls and saving the earth, her skirt is unnecessarily short, which is just a feature that can affect the viewer's point of view on themselves and others.
A website provides countless choices of anime that are considered and listed as Shojo.
Website: https://myanimelist.net/anime/genre/27/Shounen
This is the same website that provides the Shojo demographic; it offers many choices for viewers who are looking for specific anime genres. There are 2,113 Shonen anime on this website. Once again, I will pick out 4 that don't define the other 2,109 but give an idea of what anime is provided for adolescent boys. How are the female characters portrayed? What are the main male characters' relationships to the females? How are the females dressed? How do they act?
Domestic Girlfriend
The main character, Natsuo Fuiji, falls in love and is entranced by his school teacher. Later, he had relations with a girl in his grade who became his teacher’s daughter. Who later marries his father, making the girl he had sexual relations with his step sister. This anime is targeted towards adolescent boys; the ideas shared through this anime are highly sexual and inappropriate. The plot is a situation with a slim possibility of happening, but I feel there is no need to make that story. One that makes it seem having relations with your teachers is alright. Another fact is how it’s school-related, so there is the school uniform. Which is a fetish to some, and can be deemed more sexual by the length of the skirt.
My Hero Academia
My Hero Academia is an anime about the action-packed theme and wanting to become a hero. The main character is Izuku Midoriya, a boy who has wanted to be a hero since childhood. While this is one of many action-packed, hero, victory, and fighting-themed anime, there is a character I will focus on later. Momo, one of the many heroes who trains alongside Izuku, is 15, and her outfit choice and body are hypersexualized for a child, along with other female characters who are given extreme secondary feminine features, which seem to be unnecessary for their ages.
Rent-a-Girlfriend
The main character, Kazuya Kinoshita, has a wonderful girlfriend who suddenly breaks up with him, breaking his heart. So he decided to find a new girlfriend through an app that lets you rent a girlfriend and rate them. This anime can seem funny and harmless to some people, but I feel it could have a more profound meaning. It objectifies women, making them seem to be at a man’s disposal to fill a void in them. Where the man can rate this girlfriend, and the girlfriend he picks is said to be hot-tempered. After watching the short trailer on the website for this anime, I noticed that there are also shots of the girlfriend under her skirt and on her chest. These make it seem that these are essential features to a girlfriend, sexualizing them.
Heaven's Lost Property Forte
Sakurai Tomoki has settled into a life with two angeloids who seem to be the females in the anime cover above. After watching the trailer provided, this whole anime is a cross between an adventure trying to figure out these angeloids, but also hypersexualizing them. The shots under the girl’s skirts in the trailer and the focus on her chest. This is labeled to be aimed at the shonen demographic. It paves a path into wanting to consume more anime that show such nudity, affecting the view of women in reality and their bodies.
Summary
Now, when you think of shonen anime being action-packed and full of victory or heroes, there is plenty of that. However, digging deeper into the hundreds of shonen anime displayed on this website, there begins to be themes of romance and hypersexualization of female characters, where the main character is dating a girl. How she contributes to him as a girlfriend, along with themes that are harmful for adolescent minds, and how they portray reality. I make these points throughout the definitions, and how I feel parts are sexualized and can be detrimental to young boys' minds. Even including the action-packed My Hero Academia anime, the female characters' outfits are inappropriate and give these middle school girls extreme secondary feminine features.
In summary, the four shojo anime I picked all have some form of sexualization. Since the demographic is young adolescent girls, it affects how they view themselves, influencing young girls with certain outfits and feeling the need to dress a certain way to attract attention. Preventing them from being themselves and feeling the need for male validation. Glorifying mental disorders, making it seem that it will make them skinny and wanted by boys in school.
In summary, the four shonen anime I picked highly sexualize female characters. Making them more "attractive" with extreme features and creating romance with them. This demographic is for young boys, making them explore sexual topics in their adolescence. This could lead to future obsession with sexual anime and 2D fantasy characters, lacking the connection and proper way to connect with females in reality.
When comparing the two, they affect both sides. One has a more substantial effect on females, while the other has a stronger impact on males. However, after exploring how the females are dressed on the front cover of the anime, the shonen anime is much more sexualized than the shojo. The female's features, the way the camera explores the female's body in the trailers. While there is a romance factor in shojo, it focuses on the female and their point of view. It seems more innocent, while from the male point of view, it's focused on their bodies. Shojo and Shonen have anime that affects their viewers' point of view on themselves and others. Some of these anime can be harmless with little features of sexualization. Still, when digging deeper into these genres, there are ones that are highly sexualized and inappropriate for young viewers.
My Hero Academia (Shonen) Momo
My Hero Academia
I want to focus on a specific My Hero Academia (MHA) character. Momo is one of the female heroes present throughout the anime. The heroes are all middle schoolers, between the ages of 13 and 16. I inserted a YouTube link that shows ratings and comments of MHA, along with plenty of scenes from the anime.
However, I'm focusing on Momo, who can be seen to the left. She is considered 15 years old, since the whole anime is based on them in middle school. Her avatar is highly sexualized for a teenager. Opening up her clothing from the neck to her belly button is unnecessary. It isn't challenging to provide a well-drawn chest-covered outfit for her. There is no reason to dress a 15-year-old like this and give her a larger chest to expose with her fighting outfit.
Recognizing the Problem
Momo is one of the many examples of highly sexualized minor characters. I don't need to show more than one example, especially more extreme ones, to make my point. I looked through plenty of websites and Google searches looking for shonen and shojo anime that sexualized young teenage characters. Some I found were as young as 11 years old, dressed and displayed disgustingly in anime. Taking away their innocence by dressing them inappropriately. There is never a reason to dress any fictional character under 18 like some anime do, especially when it's meant for the shojo and shonen demographic, showing children inappropriately dressed.
Bibliography
Lamarre, Thomas. “Platonic Sex: Perversion and Shôjo Anime (Part One).” Animation : an interdisciplinary journal 1.1 (2006): 45–59. Web.
Lamarre, Thomas. “Platonic Sex: Perversion and Shôjo Anime (Part Two).” Animation : an interdisciplinary journal 2.1 (2007): 9–25. Web.
Strosnider, Luke. “Drawn In.” Afterimage 2009: 26–27. Web.
Contributors to My Hero Academia Wiki. “Momo Yaoyorozu.” My Hero Academia Wiki, Fandom, Inc., myheroacademia.fandom.com/wiki/Momo_Yaoyorozu. Accessed 01 May 2025.
“Shoujo - Anime.” MyAnimeList.Net, myanimelist.net/anime/genre/25/Shoujo. Accessed 01 May 2025.
“Shounen - Anime.” MyAnimeList.Net, myanimelist.net/anime/genre/27/Shounen. Accessed 01 May 2025.
“Shōjo Manga.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 Apr. 2025, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga. Accessed 01 May 2025.
“Shōnen Manga.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 9 Apr. 2025, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga#Pre-war_and_wartime_era. Accessed 01 May 2025.