Psychological Effects on Viewers
By: Kevin
Psychological Effects on Viewers
By: Kevin
As anime grows in popularity worldwide, it plays an increasingly influential role in shaping how viewers understand gender, beauty, and relationships. While anime offers many empowering and imaginative stories, the frequent hypersexualization of female characters has raised concerns about how this affects the audience—especially young people. Hypersexualization refers to portraying women primarily through sexual traits or behavior, often emphasizing their bodies in exaggerated, unrealistic ways.
In recent years, anime like My Dress-Up Darling, Attack on Titan: The Final Season, Demon Slayer, and Spy x Family have gained global attention. These shows often blend engaging stories and powerful female characters with problematic sexual framing. This can confuse viewers about what it means to be strong, attractive, or valued in society. The psychological effects are complex but important to examine, especially as many anime fans begin watching during adolescence.
Unrealistic Beauty Standards and Body Image Issues
One major psychological effect is body dissatisfaction, especially among female viewers. Anime often exaggerates features like large breasts, slim waists, and long legs while omitting any imperfections. In My Dress-Up Darling, Marin Kitagawa is celebrated for her confidence and love of cosplay. However, the show repeatedly frames her body—especially during dressing scenes—in ways that emphasize her sexual appeal rather than her creativity. For viewers, especially teen girls, this sends a mixed message: You can be confident, but only if you look like a fantasy character.
In “Attack on Titan": The Final Season” which is a hot-blooded fandom known to many, the character of Pico Finger is portrayed as calm, intelligent and extremely capable though. But even she inevitably suffers the embarrassment of the camera focusing on her breasts or body poses. These images, while more subtle than those in fan-service-heavy anime, still reflect common framing techniques in anime. Studies have shown that continued exposure to idealized images in media can lead to eating disorders, low self-esteem, and other negative effects.
The “Male Gaze”
A lot of anime is made from a male point of view, which means female characters are often shown in ways that make them look sexy—even when that has nothing to do with the story. This is called the “male gaze.” In Jujutsu Kaisen, for example, Nobara Kugisaki is a strong, cool fighter. But the camera still sometimes focuses on her body, not what she’s doing.
In Tokyo Revengers, Hinata Tachibana is often shown as sweet and soft, mostly to support the male main character. Even in emotional scenes, her role is more about being someone to protect than someone with her own power. These kinds of portrayals can teach boys that girls are mostly there to look good or support them—not to be the center of the story themselves.
Fan Service and Gender Stereotypes
Fan service is when shows throw in scenes just to please the audience—like bikini scenes, sudden nudity, or awkward physical contact. These moments often don’t help the plot. In Demon Slayer, Nezuko’s transformation in Season 2 gave her a more mature and sexual look—even though she’s supposed to be a young girl. This made a lot of fans uncomfortable.
These moments reinforce old-fashioned ideas about gender. Boys are usually the heroes and action-takers, while girls are either quiet, helpful, or just...there to look pretty. This tells girls watching that maybe their role in life is to be attractive or supportive instead of being the main character in their own story.
Making Harassment Seem Normal
One of the worst things about fan service is that it sometimes makes bad behavior look funny. when a guy in an anime accidentally touches a girl, or see them in the shower or changing—and it’s treated like a joke. These scenes are everywhere in anime and often come with a laugh track or shocked expressions. But the problem is, in real life, these situations are not funny—they’re inappropriate. When anime keeps showing this kind of thing without consequences, it teaches viewers that it’s okay or normal. That’s dangerous, especially for young viewers who are still figuring out what’s respectful and what’s not.
Mixed Messages for Girls
Girls watching anime might feel inspired by characters like Yor (Spy x Family)—they’re strong, passionate, and independent. But at the same time, these characters are often shown in very revealing ways, with close-ups on their bodies or awkward situations that focus on their looks. Yor is a deadly assassin, but she’s also a blushing, confused wife who doesn’t notice her own appeal.
So what kind of message is that? Be strong, but also pretty and not too confident? These mixed signals can make girls feel like they need to be perfect all the time—beautiful, powerful, sweet, sexy, and polite. That’s a lot of pressure.
Why Media Literacy Is Important
Of course, not all anime is bad at representing women. And not every fan watches uncritically. But it’s easy to take in these ideas without realizing it—especially when they’re presented as normal, funny, or cute. That’s why media literacy matters. This means learning to question what we watch, instead of just accepting it.
- Why is this character dressed this way?
- Why did the camera zoom in there?
- Is this scene helping the story, or just showing off?
Conclusion
The way anime presents women doesn't just stop at the screen. It shapes the way people think, feel and behave. For girls, it can mean getting sexy or feeling bad about their bodies. For boys, it can mean learning to ignore or underestimate girls.
Anime can still be fun and beautiful - it just needs to be done better. That means more female characters with strong personalities, and stories that honor their strength rather than focusing too much on their appearance.
Bibliography
American Psychological Association. Report of the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls. 2007.
https://www.apa.org/pi/women/programs/girls/report-full.pdf
El-Assaad, Meriam. “The Hyper Sexualization of Women in Anime.” Medium, 2024.
https://medium.com/@elasmeriam/the-hyper-sexualization-of-women-in-anime-ed6b064f12be
“Understanding the Misrepresentation and Sexualization of Women in Anime.” University of North Florida, 2023.
https://klauridsen.domains.unf.edu/understanding-the-misrepresentation-and-sexualization-of-women-in-anime
“Impact Of Anime/Cartoons On Psychosocial.” International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 2024.
https://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2410295.pdf
“Is Watching Anime Bad for Your Mental Health?” Mind Voyage, 2023.
https://mindvoyage.in/is-watching-anime-bad-for-your-mental-health