Institutional Context

France operates under a mixed economic system that combines elements of both capitalism and socialism.  France has a market economy where private individuals and businesses make most of the econimic decisions regarding production and consumption. However, the French government plays a significant role in regulating key sectors of the economy. 

France is considered to be a highly industrialized country with a well developed industrial base. The country has undergone significant industrialization since the 19th century, with key sectors including manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and electronics. 

The role of religion in France has evolved significantly over the centuries, and today is characterized by a strong tradition of secularism and religious freedom. Christianity, particularly Catholicism, has historically been the dominant religion in France. However, the influence of the Catholic church has decreased over the years.  

The French education system is a highly centralized and state-funded system that consists of three stages: primary, secondary, and higher education. Education is mandatory and free from 3 to 16 years old. Access to higher education is dependent on achieving the baccalaureate national diploma. A major principle of French public education is la laïcité, which means the separation of church and state.